Class 3 Components. Peripherals
There are 7 components which allow humans to interface with computers. Three of them you have studied during your previous lessons, they are printers, modems and scanners.
Display devices include computer monitors and other display devices. CRTs and LCDs are common. LCDs are a more recent development, and will replace CRTs as they become more affordable. LCD’s in addition to being lighter also use less energy and generate less heat.
Sound Output includes internal or external speakers and headphones.
Mouse is a user interface device that can enable different kinds of control than a keyboard, particularly in GUIs. Most mice (sometimes the plural is ‘mouses’ to prevent confusion with the rodent) are made from plastic, and may use a ball to track movement, an LED light, or a laser. Today you can get a wireless mouse that allows you to easily give a presentation with out being tied to a desk. And the track ball can be used as just as the optical mouse.
A k eyboard is an input device which is connected to a computer and used to type instructions or information into the computer. The keyboards sold have 101 to 106 individual keys. Keyboards differ between languages. Most English-speaking people use what is called a QWERTY layout. This refers to the order of the top row of keys. Some foreign languages (i. e. German) use QWERTZ, where the Z and Y are switched. Many laptop computers do not include a number pad. Modern keyboards sometimes have extra controls such as volume, and keys that can be programmed to bring up programs of the user’s choice. The keyboards hook up to the computer with PS/2 or USB connector.
VOCABULARY EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Find English equivalents:
Сенсорная клавиатура, подключаться, цифровой блок клавиш, переключаться, печатать или вводить инструкции, наушники, устройство отображения данных, динамик, мышь, компоновка, беспроводная мышь.
Exercise 2. Match at first the synonyms, then the antonyms.
Display, device for text recognition, individual key, keyboard, device for data printing, expensive, external, monitor, input device, modem, device for sound output, screen, scanner, output device, speakers, printer, headphones, LCD, affodarable, separate key, CRT, internal, device for Internet connection.
Exercise 3. Read the following statements. Decide whether they are true or not, or maybe only in some cases. Prove your point of view. Maybe you’ll need the information form your previous lessons (Lesson VII “Input and Output Devices”)
· Nowadays the most popular types of printers are laser and color inkjet printers.
· The inkjet computers are always more expansive.
· Laser printer gives higher-quality printing than the inkjet printer.
· Today all the printers are connected to the computer through USB.
· Using modems two computers may communicate over a telephone line, with the data passed between them being represented as sound.
· Integrated modem is the most important part of modern computers.
· Scanners can digitize only paper documents with texts.
· Modems are usually involved with dial-up internet services.
GRAMMAR EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Convert the following sentences into Passive Voice and translate.
1. The motherboard includes RAM, BIOS, expansion slots and some other components. 2. The computer uses two speakers for sound output. 3. This new CPU will control and manage the computer operation more successfully than the previous one. 4. He stored information on the disc. 5. Uninterruptible power supply gives the energy for our computers nonstop. 6. Flash drives are replacing the floppies now. 7. The wireless mouse became more and more popular. 8. By next Friday he will have bought a new PDA. 9. Portable computers are becoming much cheaper nowadays. 10. You should take care of your keyboard.
Exercise 2. Replace the underlined words with is/are referred to (называется)
1.A set of instructions that a computer can understand is called a program. 2. Assembly language and machine code are collectively called low-level languages. 3. A language directly understood by the machine is known as machine language. 4. Devices which measure temperature, pressure, etc. are called sensors. 5. A machine capable of sending and receiving text and pictures along telephone lines is known as a fax. 6. A group of computers that can communicate with each other is known as a network. 7. A person who uses a computer is called a user. 8. A program that has been created to damage your computer system is known as a virus. 9. The smallest unit of information in a computer system is called a bit. 10. An individual dot on a computer screen is called a pixel. 11. An exchange of signals, which establishes communication between the devices, is called a handshake.
Exercise 3. Translate the following word combinations paying attention to the Participle I and Participle II.
Executed program – executing program; stored data – the information storing on the disc; a written instruction; the cleaned surface of LCD; material for cleaning monitors; the software protecting from viruses; the computer provided with the most efficient power supply.
Exercise 4. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Participle I and Participle II.
1. При подсоединении дополнительного оборудования к компьютеру нужно провести инсталляцию необходимого ПО.
2. Пользуясь флэшкой, ты можешь переносить большое количество информации, фотографий и музыкальных треков.
3. Он сейчас сканирует документ, поэтому не сможет вас проконсультировать.
4. Данные, сохраненные на этом диске, могут быть повреждены или потеряны, так как на нем есть несколько царапин.
5. Следует быть аккуратным при работе с клавиатурой, пролитый кофе или мелкий мусор приводит к поломкам.
6. Важно составить определенную последовательность выполнения инструкций, управляемых работой той или иной программой.
7. Если бы у вас была установлена антивирусная программа, то не пришлось бы удалять поврежденные вирусом файлы.
8. Известно, в комплект настольного персонального компьютера входит монитор, системный блок, клавиатура, мышка.
9. Каждый программист знает, что языки программирования делятся на языки высокого и низкого уровней.
10.Данные, которые должны быть изменены, включают таблицы, рисунки и две картинки.
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the different types of conditionals.
1. It would be much easier to clean the mouse with a damp cloth. 2, If this computer had efficient anti-virus software, the data wouldn’t have been damaged by Trojan. 3. He would choose an ergonomical keyboard if he were there. 4. No computer is a trouble-free device, you should address the specialist if any occurs. 5. If your mouse cursor seems to jump or jerk across the screen, or actually stops as though its hit a wall and doesn't seem to want to move properly, it's probably dirty. 6. If you want to insert more boards than there are slots, you will need an expansion chassis, which provides additional slots. 7. Your computer would loose its data at power-down unless you started to use UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply). 8. They will plug in one additional printer if they need not only black-and-white printing. 9. It would be interesting to write program especially for schoolchildren. 10. If installed this operating system keeps up over 10MB of RAM.
Exercise 6. Put the proper modal verb.
1. The programmer ___ (должен) program this instruction first in machine language.
2. Last time he ____ (не смог) back up his files.
3. The flash drives ______ (сможет) replace the floppies and other removable storage media.
4. We _____ (разрешили) use these printer a week ago.
5. It (следует) be mentioned that computers are not trouble-free devices.
LESSON XIV
Revision
Exercise 1. Find the sentences where “have to/has to” is translated as “должен”
1) Computer rooms have to be air-conditioned.
2) Mice usually have one, two or three buttons.
3) The cartridge is empty, so you have to replace it.
4) You will have to explain how the proposed system works.
5) Explain how features have been designed.
6) You don’t have to use this software; there are other variants.
7) To answer this question you will have to look at every file.
8) Make sure that you will have enough time to complete the task.
9) Some clip art packages have as many as one million images.
10) Before you use speech recognition you have to allow the computer to get used to your voice.
11) Not all data has to be entered using a keyboard.
12) To communicate using e-mail, you first have to have an e-mail address of your own.
13) It is common in computing to have to transfer data between different computers.
