Al3+, Zn2+, Cr3+, Sn2+, Sn (IV), As(III), As (V)
1. As (III), As (V) HCl:
As(III), (V) Zn, Cl AsH3↑
, AgNO3 AsH3↑ Ag↓ ()
( )
, [HgCl2] AsH3↑ AsH2(HgCl)↓
( -) AsH(HgCl)2↓
As(HgCl)3↓
As2Hg3↓
(-)
2. 6 /3 NaOH 22 IV :
Al3+ NaOH Al(OH)3↓ NaOH [Al(OH)6]3ˉ
Zn2+ NaOH Zn(OH)2↓ NaOH [Zn(OH)4]2ˉ
Cr3+ NaOH Cr(OH)3↓ NaOH,H2O2,Δ CrO2ˉ4
Sn2+ NaOH Sn(OH)2↓ NaOH, H2O2, Δ [Sn(OH)6]2ˉ
Sn(IV) NaOH Sn(OH)4↓ NaOH [Sn(OH)6]2ˉ
As(III) NaOH AsO3ˉ3 H2O2, Δ AsO3ˉ4
As(V) NaOH AsO3ˉ4 H2O2, Δ AsO3ˉ4
3. [Al(OH)6]3ˉ; [Sn(OH)6]2ˉ 2 NH4Cl :
[Al(OH)6]3ˉ NH4Cl, Δ Al(OH)3↓
[Sn(OH)6]2ˉ NH4Cl,Δ Sn(OH)4↓
4. 3 2 /3 HCl:
Al(OH)3↓ HCl Al3+
Sn(OH)4↓ HCl [SnCl6]2ˉ
5. Al3+ 4 :
Al3+ , NaOH
Al3+ CH3COONa Al(OH)2CH3COO↓
6. Sn(IV) (II) HCl 4:
[SnCl6]2ˉ Fe, HCl; Δ Sn2+ HgCl2 Hg↓
7. Zn2+ - 3 , K4[Fe(CN)6]:
V Fe2+, Fe3+, Mg2+, Mn2+
Fe2+ | Fe3+ | Mg2+ | Mn2+ | |||||||
NaOH; KOH | Fe(OH)2 | Fe(OH)3 - | Mg(OH)2 | Mn(OH)2 , MnO * nH2O | ||||||
NH4Cl ( Fe(OH)3) | ||||||||||
NH4OH | Fe(OH)2 | Fe(OH)3 - | Mg(OH)2 | Mn(OH)2 , MnO * nH2O | ||||||
Na2HPO4 + NH4OH | Fe3 (PO4)2 | FePO4 | MgNH4PO4 | Mn3 (PO4)2 | ||||||
, , | ||||||||||
HNO3, H2O2 | - | - | - | - | ||||||
V Bi3+ , Sb3+, Sb5+
Bi3+ | [SbCl6]3ˉ | [SbCl6]ˉ | |||||
NaOH; KOH | Bi(OH)3 | Sb(OH)3 | HSbO3 | ||||
HCl | |||||||
NH4OH | BiONO3 BiOCl , | Sb(OH)3 | HSbO3 | ||||
Na2HPO4 + NH4OH | BiPO4 , - - | ||||||
HNO3, H2O2 | HSbO3 , HCl | ||||||
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