TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) / , . . :
TCP .
IP , , .
, .
(INTERnational NETwork), . . -, , , . , .
, . , , , , . , :
: WWW ( World Wide Web).
WWW , , Web-. , Web, Web-. Web- Web- ( Web- ). Web- .
: e-mail, . . - .
: . , , , (File Transfer Protocol, FTP).
Usenet (Usenet News): , , .
(newsgroups): USENET, . , .
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- , HTML (HyperText Markup Language). - , - (Web browser). - Internet Explorer (Microsoft.com), Netscape Navigator (Netscape.com), Opera (Opera.com), Mozilla (Mozilla.org), AOL (aol.com).
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, HTML, , , , , -, . , -, , , , .
- - -. - , , -, . , -, . -, .
-, (home page). , . , . : , , .
. . .
, . .
, , , , , (hypertext). . - , . -, , , . , . , , .
, -. , , - , . (Uniform Resource Locator) URL.
http://www. zdorovie.ru/gigiena/news.html
zdorovie.ru: , . , (top-level domain, TLD). , (TLD):
.com: ;
.edu: ;
.gov: ;
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.mil: ;
.net: ; -;
.org: .
, , :.info,.biz, .pro, , :.mx ,.pt ,.de ,.fr ,.ca ,.uk ,.ru ,.kz .
(Search engine) -, , . , , , :
"" (Spider): , , - - . -, .
(Index program): , , -, , . .
(search engine database): , , .
(interface): , ; , , - .
, , . , , , . :
(Meta Search Engine): . :
Yahoo!: http://ru.yahoo.com
MSN Search: http://search.msn.com
Alta Vista: http://www.altavista.com
(General Purpose Search Engine): , , . :
Google: http://www.google.ru
Yandex: http://www.yandex.ru
Rambler: http://www.rambler.ru
(Search Agents/Bots): . :
Bot Spot: http://bots.internet.com
Copernic: http://www.copernic.com
, , . , . , . , . Google, 11800 .
, . , AltaVista, 23000 .
, . . .
HTML-
, HTML, . , : Internet Explorer, Netscape Opera. , Internet Explorer ;
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, (ActiveX, CSS1/CSS2, .)
HTML- ( , / , Internet Explorer, , , ; , Netscape );
Microsoft, OC Windows;
, .
:
- ;
- .
HTML- , , . HTML , , Java CGI, , HTML. HTML -Hyper Text Markup Language. HTML- , . . HTML- *.htm.
HTML-
<html> <head> -------- ---------, , "<" ">". (, <html> ) (- tag, ""). HTML- , <tag> </tag> , "/". , .
HTML , . <HTML></HTML> , HTML. HEAD HTML- , , . , , , . <HEAD></HEAD>. HEAD HTML. <TITLE></TITLE> . , , HTML-. BODY HTML-, .. , . <BODY></BODY>, HTML. - : , .. , , , Web-. HTML , : . , , HTML. , CSS . , HTML. HTML- , . , , ., . -. . .
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<EM>... </EM> | emphasis . ( <i>...</i>) |
<STRONG>... </STRONG> | strong emphasis . ( <b>...</b>) , . |
<CODE>... </CODE> | . ( Courier) |
<SAMP>... </SAMP> | sample . , . |
<KBD>... </KBD> | keyboard . , . |
<VAR>... </VAR> | variable . . |
<P>... </P> | . , <P> </P> , . |
<Hi> <P> ALIGN ( "", ""), :
ALIGN=left- , : .
ALIGN=center- .
ALIGN=right- .
ALIGN=justify- .
<H1>... </H1> <H6>... </H6><Hi> ( i 1 6) . , , .