: 1) .
: , , , , , .
, , ( 1). . .
1. m υ u. :
mυ = (m + M)u, (1)
υ - , L
u -
, M - .
-
, S
. 1
(m + M)u2/2 = (m + M)gH, (2)
u2 = 2gH. (3)
1 ( L >> H α)
H=S2 / 2 L, (4)
S ,
. (5)
(1), (3), 4) (5) :
. (6)
(7)
:
. (8)
, ,
mυ2/2 = (m + M)u2/2 + A, (9)
A - , , .. . (1) (8)
, (10)
υ - , (6).
. (11)
1. .
2. .
3. . 10 . 5 . .
4. 10 T = t/10 .
5. S, υ. (6) A (10). (7), (8) (11).
6.
υ = υ DυMAX, A= A DA.
| / | Si [] | DS=|Si-S| [] | ti (c) | Ti (c) | DT=|Ti-T| (c) | υ (/c) | A () |
| 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. | |||||||
| . . |
1. .
|
|
|
2. ?
3. , ?
4. .
5. ?
6. . .
7. .
14
: 1. .
2. .
: : , , , . . .
: (, , , ).
, . , , .. . , .
X = Asin(wt + jo), X = Acos(wt + jo), (1)
X- ; t- ; A- ; wt+ jo - ; jo - .
(t=T) 2p. . n= 1/ , , []. w = 2p/T , 2p , [/].
, , . :
F= - kx, (2)
- ().
F = ma = mdv/dt = md2x/dt2 = - k. (3)
m :
d2x/dt2 = - k/m.
k/m =w2, d2x/dt2 = - w2 d2x/dt2 + w2 = 0. . :
X =Acoswt.
.. w=2p/, :
. (4)
() :
. (5)
. , , .
:
= Je. (6)
J - , e = d2j/dt2 - , = Fr = - mgr = -mgLsinj - ( , , , ).
|
|
|
J(d2j/dt2) = - mgLsinj, J , sinj = j , :
d2 j/dt2+(mgLj)/J= 0,
(mgL)/J= w2
d2 j/dt2+w2j=0. (7)
:
j= jocos(wt+a0). (8)
:
. (9)
, :
. (10)
1.
1. .(m = 1, ∆ m = 0,001)
2. , . . . .
3. : = t/N, N- .
4. 
.
5. Dt, DT,
, 
.
6. :
e=(DK/K) . 100 %.
7. : m = (m Dm), t = (t Dt), K=(K DK), e.
| / | ti (c) | Dti =êti - t ê | Ti (c) | DTi =|Ti- Tcp |(c) | K (/) |
| 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. | |||||
2.
1. () .
2. 10 . 5- , .
3. =t/N, D. N -
4. .
L = (0,42 0,002) [].
5. 
.
6. .
7.
eJ = (DJ/J) . 100 %.
8. : e J [%], J =(J DJ).
| / | ti () | Dti() | i(c) | Di(c) | J ( . 2) |
| .. |
1. .
2. . .
3. .
4. .
5. . .
