.
?
- .
, . (1 000 000 ) , /. .
, . () . , , .
- . - , , . , . , . .
. ( ): , .
. , , . , .
. . .
. . , (EMI) (RFI).
EMI RFI , , , , , .
, , . .
, .
, , . .
|
|
, , . , ().
. . . , , , - . . 50- , . .
., 3.1.
. . , , (, = ) - , , , . .
, , . , , . , , . , ; .
, 3.1.
3.1.
RG-58/U | Thinwire () | 50 | ||
RG-58A/U, | Thinwire () | 50 | ||
RG-58 C/U | Thinwire () | 50 | RG-58 A/L) | |
RG-59 | CATV ( ) | 75 | ||
RG-8 | Thickwire () | 50 | , 0,4 | |
RG-11 | Thickwire () | 50 | , 0,4 * | |
RG-62 | Baseband () | 90 . | ARC net IBM 3270 |
- , . , . , , . , , , . - , . .
|
|
. ; 0,4 0,8 , (. 3.2). tip ring. - tip - , . - ring - (48 ).
, , (), . () - . 0 , 10 , 20 ( 100 ). , , , . , .
. 3. 2. ,
. (twist ratio). .
: , .
(STP - shielded twisted-pair). , , , . , . , . , STP, , , .
(UTP - unshielded twisted-pair). , . - , , , STP (ScTP). UTP EMI RFI , .
(ScTP - Screened twisted-pair). , ( ) . ScTP . ScTP EMI RFI , . .
1991 ANSI (American National Standards Institute), EI A (Electronic Industries Alliance) TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) , ANSI/EIA/TIA-568 (Commercial Building Wiring Standard). , . : , 3.2,
|
3. 2. , |
.
-
- () . , . . (cladding), , . , , , (transmission mode - - ). , . (Kevlar - ), . . - . 3.3.
. 3.3.
- , - . . , . , . .
|
|
, . . , , , 10Base5, 10Base2, 10BaseT 100 ( 1000) BaseT. 10 (100 1000) , , , 10 /. Base (. - baseband), . 5 500 , 2 - 185 , . , һ UTP, . , .
ThickNet (10Base5)
ThickNet (10Base5) Ethernet)) (ThickWire Ethernet), Ethernet)) (Yello'wEthernet) (Yellow garden hose) - . ThickNet :
ThickNet 10 / , . , .
ThickNet - , , ThinNet .
ThickNet (, ) . . 3.4.
ThickNet . .
ThickNet , . 500 . ThickNet 100 . 1500 . 2,5 .
ThinNet (10Base2)
ThinNet (10Base2) Ethernet)) (thin Ethernet) Ethernet)) - . Ethernet 1980- . ThinNet :
ThinNet 10 / .
ThinNet , ThickNet - , ; . ThinNet , 1 , ThinNet cheapnet (cheap - - ).
ThinNet BIN (British Naval Connector) BNC/T
(. 3.5). BNC- , BNC/T - , (NIC - network interface card). .
ThinNet , , , ThickNet.
ThinNet 185 30 . ThinNet 550 . 0,5 . . 3.4.
. 3.5. BNC BNC/T |
: , (10BaseT)
, , , . STP, UTP, ScTP .
STP, UTP 10 /. UTP 5 100 /, AT5e 6 1000 / (1 /).
STP, ScTP UTP , . STP ScTP , UTP, 5 20 , UTP, 6 , 5.
|
|
8- RJ-45, , . 3.6.
STP ScTP , UTP. UTP . .
STP UTP 100 , ScTP - 98 . , , . 1024 . .
-
. - . (TR) , TR . - .
. 3.6. RJ-45 |
- 1 /. DWDM (dense wave division multiplexing - ), , 40 /. . .
- . - , . , - (NIC) . , .
- , . - , . - , , . - , .
- . ST SC, . 3.7, - MT-RJ.
- RFI . - .
- , . - 100 . - . 2 , - 3 . , .
ST
. 3.7. - ST SC
, , , . . - , .
(sole network) , . , .
, , (NIC), , . (access points), . NIC. .
11 /. , . , . , - .
. , , , . , , , . , (, Ethernet Token Ring), . .
: , . . (fault-tolerant mesh), .
. 50- . Ethernet. . 3.8.
.8. '. ■ |
, . . , . , , .
:
.
, .
,
, :
50- - .
.
.
. - 10 .
, (. 3.9). . , , , . , . . , .
. , . , , , . . , , , , , , .
Token Ring FDDI. FDDI (FiberDistributed Data Interface - ) : . ( ) (. 3.9). .
:
.
, .
, . :
.
, .
, , .
|. 3.9. FDDI |
(, ). . 3.10 . , . , , .
, , . , . , . ,
. 3.10. |
, . - , , , Ethernet. :
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
:
, .
- , .
.
( )
, . 3.11. : .
". 3 .11.
( ) , . , . .
( ) , . , , . , .
:
.
, .
.
.
:
, .
, .
.
, , . , . , .
, . .
. , . , - , . (, , -, ).
. , . , . ; , - . .
. , . , (dial-up) (full-time, dedicated link), - () .
, . , -> .
. Ethernet, ATM Token Ring. , , - .
. , (faceplates) . , , , .
. , , , .
. Microsoft Windows NT Server, Windows2000 Advanced Server, Windows XP Novell NetWare. . , .
. , . , .