I I' ( ) ( ), L. , , , . , , , ( ), , .
, J L , :
(133.9)
I, , .
, (133.9), (133.5), , H . , L , :
(133.10)
(133.10) .
134.
( m 1 m 2) .
1 2 , , (. 190). D S , . (120.3),
( n n' ).
(134.1)
, B = m 0 m H, , m 0 m,
(134.2)
1 2 ABCDA l, , .191. (133.10) ,
( ),
( A CD , , BC DA ).
(134.3)
, = m 0 m H, , m 0 m,
(134.4)
, (n) (t) ( ), (Bt) (Hn) .
(134.1)(134.4) , (). (. 90), ( , ):
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(134.5)
, , , .
135.
- , , , , . . . ( ) , , , , , .
, - . J (. (133.6) . 192), , 1878 . .. (18391896), . J , , , J , . J , , , , , , , J .
B = m 0 (H+J) (. (133.4)) H J, , (J=J ), (. 193).
m (, 5000, 800 000!), m (. 194). m , , , , 1 (m = B /(m 0 H) = 1 + J/H, J = J = const J/H 0, m 1).
, J H ( , ) . . ( 1, . 195), , , , J 12, 10. = 0 J , . . J . . , , , . .
( 34), = H ( 4). ( 45 6) ( 6 7).
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, J 1 2 3 4561, ( . ). , , .. J.
. ( 12 /) ( ) , ( ) ( ) . , J m max . Ta, (, ) , (, , ) .
: , , . . , , , .. II (. 75).
, . . , .
136.
, . . (18651940). . . . (19011976).
, . , , , . , , .
, . , , . J (. . 192) (. . 193) . m (. . 194). , B H , , . 193. , .
, , . (. 195). , ; . , .
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. . (, ). , . . . . 104 102 .
, . , ( , . 131). , , . , , . , , .
, (. 70), ( ). , , ( ), ( ). , (. 91).
, . . .. . (MnO, MnF2), (FeO, FeCl2) . ( *), , II (. 75).
* . (. 1904) .
, e×F23, Me (Mn, Co, Ni, u, Mg, Zn, Cd, Fe). ( , ). , , , , . .
16.1. 10 /. , , |c|=8,8×108. [1.11 ]
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16.2. 50 , , 1,5 . , 3,4×103. [5,1 /]
16.3. 1 , , 2 . 20 , 10 2 400 . : 1) ; 2) . [1) 5 ; 2) 20 /]
16.4. 0,5 (B 0 = 1 ). , , 2,1×105. [8,75 ×2]
17
137.
(. (123.2)) =d/d t , . , ... , . ... , (. 97). .
, , ; , . , , . , , ..., , , .
, , B, , (123.3),
(137.1)
Bl B d l.
(137.1) (. (120.2)),
, . ,
(137.2)
, B d S .
(83.3), ( E Q) :
(137.3)
(137.1) (137.3), , (E B Q) : E B E Q . , E B, , (. 118), .
138.
, , : . .
, (. 196). , , , , , .
. , , , . , (I) (I ) : I =I.
(138.1)
( s D (. (92.1)). (138.1) d S .
(. (96.2)),
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(138.2)
(138.2) .
, j j . (. 197, ) , , ; ; , >0, . . , D. , j . (. 197, ) , , ; ; , <0, . . D. , j. , j, , j , , (138.2).
, , , . , ( ) ( . 197 ).
. , (89.2), D =e0 E + P, , (. 88),
(138.3)
e0 , , ( ). , . , , , , , . .
, , , . , , . . .. , , , (138.3), .