8 2004 . N 560
" "
"
:
1. " ".
2. " ", " ", 06.03.1998 . N 152.
3. - (..) .
4. ...
..
(. 8 2004 . N 560)
1.
( ) :
- " " 10.01.2002 . N 7-;
- " " 12.02.97 . N 1040 (. 27.06.2001 .);
- " " 24.06.1998 . N 89-;
- " " 02.07.1997 . N 1243;
- , 09.07.2001 . N 433 ( . 15.10.2001 . N 756, 19.09.2002 . N 549, 28.11.2003 . N 667, 15.01.2003 . N 10, 27.08.2003 . N 456, 28.11.2003 . N 615).
2.
2.1. , , ( ), .
2.2. , , .., () .
3.
, , , .
- , , , , , .
- (, , .).
- , , , .
- , , , .
- , () .
- ( 1), ( ) .
, pH 4 5000 . 1 , .. SO_4 2700 1 .
- . , , .
- , (, , .).
- . , , , . .
- , . , , . , 0,5 20% . . 0,14 , . - ( ) , . , , , , .
- , .
- , . .
- . . (, ..) . (, ..) , ( .) .
(, ) - () .
(, , , - ) - , (, , , - ) , .
- , , , , .
, .
- , .
- , 5 150 .
- , .
- , .
- , - , , .
- , ( ) - , , , , , , , , , , , , .
- , , ; ( , , , , , ..) (, , , ..) (, ..), , , , , , ( , , ..).
- , (, , , ), .
- , , .
- , .
- , , , , ( ), (), .
- , , , , , () .
- (, ) 1200 /. 5 () 1000 /. 5 40 ( ). , ( ) .
- , , , .
- , , , , , .
- - , ( , , ) , , .
(, , , - ) - (, , , - ) .
- , .
- , .
- .
- - , .
- , , , , ( ) . , , , , , - , , , , . .
- , , , . , . : ; ; , , .. , ; .
- , , , , , .
- .
(, , , - ) - , (, , - ), , .
- , .
- ( 1800-2500 /.), , - . , . .
- .
- , .
- , () , , , .
- 0,25 .
, , 5 70 .
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.
4.1.
1. -
2.
3. ,
4. . :
) :
-
-
)
)
)
:
1. :
)
) ,
) -
2. :
)
) ,
3. :
/
1. (, , , , ).
2. .
3. .
1. , .
2. .
, , , , .
.
.
.
.
, , .
4.2.
- , , , . , . : ; ; , , .. , ; .
- . :
1) , ( , );
2) - - ( , ).
, , , .
: , , . , , , .
, , , .
, . , , .
:
( );
( );
( ) ;
( ).
. (, ..). , , , , . , , . , , :
( ), ( ), ( ), ( , ), ( ), .
: , , , , , , , , , , , .
- , . - , . - , , , , ( ). - , ( ), . - , . , . , .
- , , () , , , , , .
. . , .
. , , , , . , , , .
- .
, . - , , , , , .
(). , , .
. , . , , . , - .
, . , . - . 12 . , 6 .
. . , , . , .
, , , , .
, -, . : . , . , , .
, . : , , , , , , , , , , . , - . : , , , .
|
|
5.
5.1.
.
1. , .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. , , .
.
1. , , , , .
, , , , .
.
2. .
3. , , /, .
4. , .
.
1. .
.
2. , . .
3. . .
4. .
5. , .
6. , .
.
1. , , , .
2. .
3. , .
4. .
.
1. , , .
2. .
.
1. .
2. .
3. .
.
1. , , , , .
2. .
, , , .
.
.
1. .
2. .
3. .
.
1. , .
2. .
3. .
.
1. , , , .
- .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. , , .
5. .
5.2.
, , .
, , . . , , .
: , , ..
, .
, . :
, , ;
- , , , .
, , , , ... , , 75-80%, .
, , , , --. 20-25% .
. . 3 . . , , .
, .
:
- , , , .. , ;
- , , , , , .
, , , , ( ) () .
, , .
, , , - .
, , ( ), , ..
( - ).
6.
. , .
:
M = P H (1),
oi i oi
M - i- ,
oi
P - , ( ),
i
P = 0,001 V p, (2),
mi i
V - , .
p - , /. (, 2)
i
H - %, 6.1
oi .
6.2.
, , 33- ( 6.3). , " ".
6.1
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
N - - .
/ - .
-
*
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
1 2 3 4 5 6
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
1.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
,
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
. 3% 8736-93
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1,5% 25182-82
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
)
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
- - . 1,5% 28013-98
( ,+------------------+------+------+-------------
, -, . 1,5% -
)
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 1,5% 25192-82
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
)
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
- . 1,5% 2695-
83, 8486-86
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 1,5% 25192-82
, -
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- - . 1,5- -
( 2%*
, )
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
)
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
- - . 1-3% -
,
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- - . 2% 28013-98
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1,5% 25192-82
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
2.
---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
) - 3%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
) -, , . 1% 530-95
-
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 28013-98
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
3.
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
) . 2% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
), , . 3%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
3%
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
4.
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
- . 530-95
- 1%
- - 1,5%
- - 2%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 379-95
- 1%
- 1,5%
-
- 2%
-
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 530-95,
, , 379-95,
7484-78
- 1%
- - 1,5%
- - 2%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
: . . 3% 8573-82
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 3% 15588-86
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 1%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
1% 5781-82
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- - . -
(,
, )
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 28013-98
( , -
)
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1,5% 25192-82
+------------------+------+------+-------------
1% 5781-82
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
4.
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
-
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
1% 5781-82
I, III
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
-1 1% 6727-80
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
, . 1,5- 25192-82
, , 2,0%
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
4.
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
, - . -
,
, -
,
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
: . 1,5% 25192-82
+------------------+------+------+-------------
(. . 3% 9373-89
)
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3%
(, )
+------------------+------+------+-------------
3% 38-105462-
72
+------------------+------+------+-------------
3% 14791-79
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1,5% 25192-82
+------------------+------+------+-------------
1% 5781-82
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 6428-83
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 6266-97
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 65-164-
83
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 3% 21--
1.301-86
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 21520-89
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 6133-99
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
4 .
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
(- - . -
, , -
, )
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- - . -
, ,
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1,5% 25192-82
, -+------------------+------+------+-------------
1% 5781-82
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . -
,
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . -
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
3% 38-105462-
72
+------------------+------+------+-------------
3% 14791-79
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
5.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
. 3%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 7415-86
+------------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
3% 10923-93
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 28013-98
+------------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
: . 1% 8759-92
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. . 3% 400-1-61-
74
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 15588-86
+------------------+------+------+-------------
, . 3%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1% 8268-82
+------------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 7415-86
+------------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
: . 1% 8759-92
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. . 3%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 15588-86
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- - . 2% 9463-88
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 2695-83
(,+------------------+------+------+-------------
, , 1% 27772-88
)
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
:
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
- - . 2% 14918-80
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2%
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
6.
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
, 11214-
, -, 86, 24698-81,
6629-88 -
-
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. . 3% 9573-96
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
82-202-96
, -+------------------
S -,
, .
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------
0,2 2,0 . 3,4%
+---------+--------+------+------
0,2 2,5 . 1,2%
+---------+--------+------+------
0,2 3,0 . 0,8%
+---------+--------+------+------
0,2 4,0 . 0,3%
+---------+--------+------+------
0,2 5,0 . 0,2%
6,0
+---------+--------+------+------
1,0 2,0 . 7%
+---------+--------+------+------
1,0 2,5 . 1,4%
+---------+--------+------+------
1,0 3,0 . 0,9%
+---------+--------+------+------
1,0 4,0 . 0,5%
+---------+--------+------+------
1,0 5,0 . 0,3%
6,0
+---------+--------+------+------
2,0 2,0 . -
+---------+--------+------+------
2,0 2,5 . -
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------+-------------
2,0 3,0 . 1,1%
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------+-------------
2,0 4,0 . 0,7%
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------+-------------
2,0 5,0 . 0,5%
6,0
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------+-------------
> 2 2,0 . -
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------+-------------
> 2 2,5 . -
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------+-------------
> 2 3,0 . -
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------+-------------
> 2 4,0 . 1,0%
+--------------------+---------+--------+------+------+-------------
> 2 5,0 . 0,7%
6,0
---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
7.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
. 2% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 3% 18374-79
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
, - 3% 6-10-1379-
, 76, Ҧ
8292-85
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- - 2% 13996-93
, . 9480-89
+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
1% 5781-82
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
. 2% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
3% 9179-77
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
, 3% 8292-85
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 82-202-96
+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
.
. :
- - 5%
- - 8%
+------------------+------+------
- . 12%
-
+------------------+------+------
- . 7%
+------------------+------+------
- . 4%
+------------------+------+------
. 8,5%
------------------+------+------+-------------
3%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- 2% 6141-91
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 28013-98
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
8. :
+---+-------------------------------------------------------------------
. 2%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- 2% 82-202-96
+------------------ +------
- 1,5%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- 2,5%
2400 155
+------------------+------+------+-------------
3%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 25192-82
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 82-202-96
+------------------ +------
- 4%
+------------------+------+------
0,5%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
, 1,5%
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
, - 3%
, +------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 25192-82
+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 2% 6787-
, . 2001, 6141-91
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 28013-98
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 25192-82
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
, - . 3% 10923-93
, , -+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 25192-82
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 28013-98
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
2%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1% 8267-93
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 25192-82
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 10923-93
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
3%
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 9128-97
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 2% 25192-82
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1% 8267-93
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . 6665-91
+------------------+------+------+-------------
.1,5-2% 9128-97
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1% 23462-95
51550-
2000
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
:
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
.1,5-2% 9128-97
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1% 23462-95
51550-
2000
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1% 8736-93
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 6665-91
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 1,5% 25192-82
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 8736-93
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
6665-91
+---+--------------------+------------------+------+------+-------------
- . .
+------------------+------+------+-------------
. 3% 8736-93
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
.
* - % .
* , %:
:
- , /, /, /, /, / .. - 1,5
- , , ; ; ; ; ; .. - 2,0
- - 3,0
6.2
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
N - -
/ -
- -
--
, %
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
1 2 4 5 6 3
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
1 . 2 0,02 9128-97
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
2 . 2 0,02
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
3 . 2 0,02 28013-98
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
4 . 3 0,03 8736-93
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
5 . 1 0,01 8267-93
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
6 () 1 0,01 5781-82
I, III, -1
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
7 - . 1,5 0,015 530-95
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------
8 - . 379-95
- - 1 0,01
- - 1,5 0,015
-
- 2 0,02
+---+------------------------+------+--------+-----------+--------------