() (). . 0.1 , 0.3 - , - .
, , . , (. 3).
0.25 . (0.13.), 200 .. ., (0.13 ), . .
.
.3. .
.
.4 , Qc, . , Qc .
. 4 :
- ( ) (); - Qc . F , R - ; 1 1 , 3 - , 2 - , Qc .
. , ( ) (, ) .
, ( ), , .
:
1) , . ( ) ; .
|
|
2) ; . 3) .
4) .
5) " " , .
" => => " (. 1,2):
1 () - (.4, . 1-2 -3). , , (. 2).
2 () - (. 4, . 3-1). , . .
1 . , Q≠0.
2 . , Q=0.
. 5. .
.
dV/dt Qc Q:
dV | = | Qc(t) - Q(t) | (1) |
dt |
Qc(t) - (. 16), Q(t) - , dV - .
, dP:
dV = CdP, (2)
- - .
~ , - .
, :
Q(t) = (3)
P(t) - ( ), - , - . (t) ( ).
(1, 2, 3) P(t), Q(t) V(t). P(t).
1, 2, 3 :
dP | + | P | = | Qc | + | P | (4) |
dt | XC | C | XC |
, Qc(t).
.
, Qc(t) :
.
. 3 P(t), (5) Qc(t) : -
Qc(t) = -at2 + bt, (6)
|
|
,
,
Qmax - , , t0 (t0= ).
P(t), . 3 (. 1), = 0.
P(t) Qc(t).
.6 . (t) () Q(t) 1- (). : Qmax=500 /, =1. . .∙/, =1,2/. . ., t_=0,24; t_=0,56; (t=0)=_=80. . ., __=0.
2 , , Qc= 0.
:
= Q (1 ′ )
(2′)
Q = (3 ′ )
1'-3' P(t):
=
(7)
, t = 0 = 1, 1 ( 1 ), :
P(t) = Pc e- t/XC | (8) |
. 7 .
. 7. .
2 ( t2 ) 2 ( 2 .) , I .
P(t) .
1.
(t)
( Qmax ).
:
1) , 1.
2) P(t) .
3) . () ?
1.
.. . | ![]() | /(...) | Qmax / | c ... | |
1 | 1.2 | ||||
2 | 1.2 | ||||
3 | 1.2 |
2.
(t) .
:
1) , 2 3.
2) P(t) .
3) . c ?
2.
.. . | ...∙ | /(...) | Qmax / | c ... | |
1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | |||
2 | 1.2 | ||||
3 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
3.
() .. . | ...∙ | /(...) | Q() / | () ... | |
1 | 1.2 | 0.8 | |||
2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |||
3 | 1.2 | 1.7 |
3.
(t) . 0.5 .
:
1) , 4 5.
2) P(t) .
3) . ?
|
|
4) ( ).
?
4.
() .. . | ...∙ | /(...) | () ... | (t) | |
1 | 1.2 | 0.8 | |||
2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |||
3 | 1.2 | 1.7 |
5.
() .. . | ...∙ | /(...) | () ... | (t) | |
1 | 0.6 | 0.8 | |||
2 | 0.8 | ||||
3 | 1.3 | 0.8 |
4.
(t) () .
:
1) , 6 7.
2) P(t) .
3) .
() () ?
6.
...∙ | /(...) | Q() / | c ... | .. . | |
1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | |||
2 | 1.2 | ||||
3 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
7.
...∙ | /(...) | Q() / | c ... | .. . | |
1 | |||||
2 | 1.2 | ||||
3 | 1.4 |
2, 0,5 . 2 ?
:
1. . .
2. .
3. " - ".
4. . .
:
1. .. . .- .: , 2000.
2. , . . . . - .: , 1996.
3. .