Fast Ethernet , 100 /, , . , , . , . , . , .
1 / (1000 /) . , , Gigabit Ethernet. , , , , . Ethernet Fast Ethernet .
Gigabit Ethernet , , Ethernet. , , , . , , , . Ethernet, Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet , , , , . ( .) , , .
Gigabit Ethernet CSMA/CD, () . Ethernet Fast Ethernet. , , , Gigabit Ethernet Ethernet Fast Ethernet .
"high-end" Gigabit Ethernet . , 64- PCI, , .
Gigabit Ethernet 1995 . 1998 , IEEE 802.3z (1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX 1000BASE-CX). (Gigabit Ethernet Alliance), , , , , 3Com. 1999 IEEE 802.3ab (1000BASE-T).
|
|
Gigabit Ethernet :
- 1000BASE-SX 850 ( 500 ). .
- 1000BASE-LX ( 500 ) ( 2000 ) 1300 . .
- 1000BASE-CX ( 25 ).
- 1000BASE-T ( IEEE 802.3ab) 5 ( 100 ). 5- (PAM -5), .
Gigabit Ethernet 8/10, , 4/5 FDDI ( 1000BASE-T). , , , 10 , . , ( ), , .
512- Ethernet, , (51,2 Ethernet 5,12 Fast Ethernet), . , 512 (4096 ). 0,512 Gigabit Ethernet. 512 512 . . , 8 , .
, Gigabit Ethernet (frame bursting). , , , , , -. , 8192 . . 512 , , . 512 .
Gigabit Ethernet ( CSMA/CD), ( Fast Ethernet). , , ( ) , Gigabit Ethernet. 9.
|
|
. 8.11. Gigabit Ethernet
. 8.12. Gigabit Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernet, , , , . , , (. 8.11) (. 8.12).
, Gigabit Ethernet FDDI, , , Ethernet. , FDDI , , Gigabit Ethernet FDDI.
Gigabit Ethernet . 10- Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet ( IEEE 802.3ae, 2002 ). . . ( 10 ). . Ethernet . , , , Ethernet (IEEE 802.3).
. ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode). , . , . , ATM .
155 / ( 25 /), 662 /, 2488 /. ATM Gigabit Ethernet. , ATM , Gigabit Ethernet. ATM . 4/5 8/10.
ATM , . (, cells) 53 . 5- , , . 48 . . .
, , , , , .
ATM . , , . , , . .
, . .
|
|
. 90- 20 (WLAN Wireless LAN). , . , 2005 44 , 80% .
1997 IEEE 802.11. , (802.11a, 802.11b 802.11g). :
- 802.11 WLAN. 1 2 /.
- 802.11a WLAN 5 . 54 /.
- 802.11b WLAN 2,4 . 11 /.
- 802.11e , IEEE WLAN.
- 802.11f .
- 802.11g 2,4 . 54 /.
- v802.11h 5 .
- 802.11i .
IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi Alliance. Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) 802.11a 802.11b, , (WLAN).
(Access Point) .
, , , . Wi-Fi, , , . (Hotspot) : , , , , - ..
, , . CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Avoidance). . , , .
, Wi-Fi . .
IEEE 802.11b 1999 . 2,4 . DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum), , , , . 802.11b, 11 /, , , 802.11b . ( 11 /, 1 6 /) . 300 , 160 .
|
|
IEEE 802.11a 5 . 54 /, 802.11b. 802.11. 6, 12 24 / 9, 18, 36, 48 54 /. (OFDM). DSSS , OFDM , . . 802.11 5 , ( 100 ). , 802.11 , 802.11b 802.11a .
IEEE 802.11g , WLAN, 2,4 . (OFDM) IEEE 802.11g 54 /. , IEEE 802.11g, , IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11b. 802.11g 802.11b 802.11b. 802.11g . 802.11g , ( 300 ) .
IEEE 802.11d. ( , . .). 802.11d .
IEEE 802.11e . 802.11 b - . 802.11.
IEEE 802.11f (Inter- Access Point Protocol, IAPP), . .
IEEE 802.11h , , . .
Wi-Fi , Cisco Systems, Intel, Texas Instruments Proxim.
, . , , , , , . , , .