? , , , , , . 6 11 , (Speier, Sherak, Hirssch & Cantwell, 1995). 13 15 , (Nolen-Hoeksema & Girgus, 1994). . 8.1, , , 15 18 (Hankin et al., 1998). 2: 1 3: 1 .
, | ., % | ., % |
. 8.1. . 15 18 .
<- .>
(Petersen et al., 1993). , , , , , . , , , . , , , . , , , , , (role-related) (Avison & McAlpine, 1992; Rudolph & Hammen, 1999).
. , , . , , , , , . , , . , , , , (George, Ketter, Parekh, Herscovitch & Post, 1996).
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, (Culberston, 1997; Leut-Wyler, 1997); , . 13-17 (R. E. Roberts, Roberts, Chen, 1997). , -, - . - . , , - (Hayward, Gotlib, Schraedley & Litt, 1999).
.
, , , , , , , , , 2- .
4 18 2-8%, , .
, , , , .
, 70% 5 , .
, , , , 2: 1, 3: 1.
, , , , . , .