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, .

(Henker & Whalen, 1980)

(Jacobvitz, Sroufe, Stew & Leffert, 1990). , -, . , . , . , .

. () 1930- (. 5.5). (Spencer, Biederman & Wilens, 2000). (Dexedrine Dextrostat) (Ritalin). - , , (Plizska, McCracken & Maas, 1996; Volkow et al., 1997). 80% , , (Swanson, McBurnett, Christian & Wigal, 1995).

5.5

, , 1937 , . , . , , . - , . , . , . - , (choroid plexus), . , ( ). , , , , , . , , , , . (: Gross, 1995.)

---

, , (Danforth, Barkley & Stokes, 1991), (Lerer, Lerer & Artner, 1977). , (D. A. Murphy, Pelham & Lang, 1992). , (Rapport & Kelly, 1993).

, (Barkley, 1997b). ( 5 ), , . , , (Barkley, 1998b).

, , . , , , . ( ) . ( R), , . , , .

, , -, , . , ( ), (DuPaul, Anastopoulos, Kwasnik, Barkley & McMurray, 1996). , , , , , (G. Weiss & Hechtman, 1993).

, , , : , , , ? : ! (Whalen & Henker, 1976).

, . , . , .

, . , , . , . , , , , (Pelham et al, 1992). , , , (Pelham, Hoza, Kipp & Gnagy, 1997).

, , (Spencer et al., 2000). , , , , , 20 (Pelham, 1993). , , . , ; . , , , . , (Safer, 2000b).

. 1990 2 ; , 1,3 . ( 3% ) (Hancock, 1996b; Safer, Zito & Fine, 1996). , 5 , . (Goldman, Genel, Bezman & Slanetz, 1998), . , , .

, , , (Safer, 2000a). , , (Safer & Malever, 2000). , . , , 5% (P. S. Jensen et al., 1999). 12% , DSM, , , , , . , 63%, 20% (Angold, Erkanli, Egger & Costello, 2000; LeFever, Dawson & Morrow, 1999).

, , , . , , . (P. S. Jensen, 2000).

. , , . . (Ken and Andrea McClusky, 2000, . 11).

, , . , , , .





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