:
1. .
2. - .
3. .
: , , , , , .
. , . , ( ), R (B× -2 ). rn,T ( ):
(B× -3 )
dRn - , dn.
:
.
dw dw, d¢w, .
, a = 1, .
rn,T ( ). .. an,T = 1,
,
- .
- :
,
s - , -, s = 5,67×10-8 ×-2 ×K-4
, , ( ):
,
b = 2,86 × 10-3 ×K
. 1. W, R. . , .
.1
. . (. 2).
.2
3 , 1. , , . , .
|
|
5 , R1 . , 4, . .
, . , n .
, . ( ) , n , Dn , , ., . .
,
1 = 1,432 × 10-2 × ; 900 2000 0,45;
l= 6,5 × 10-7 - , ;
ln 0,45 = - 0,8.
( ) .
1400 20000 , .