, , . , . , , :
- ;
- ;
- ;
- .
. , , , , , . .
, , . (. 7, ) (. 7, ).
.7
(. 7, ). :
.
, 315 :
= 100 ;
- = 40 ;
= 150 ;
h 21 = 50.
- () (. 8) , :
< 0.8 ∙ , (1)
U < 0.8∙ . (2)
(1) , . 0,8 Rk U.
(2) , U.
.. : , , . , U = , (. 8). .. R 1.
. 8
|
|
, , , , :
, ;
C , (.. , );
, .
, = 0.5 ∙ U.
, , : , . 0.11 .
:
RK = =
R , ≈ 0.1 U, .. (IK ≈ I)
R =
R 2
R 2 = ,
- , , Id - , Id ≈10∙ .
R1
R1 =
( R1 - ), , .
( ) , .. 0.6 ( ) : U = U + 0.6.
, Id ( 510 ).
≈ / h 21 ( h 21 , ).
, Id ≈ 10∙ =
, , R 1 R 2 :
Id = ; U = Id ∙ R 2.
, , fn :
C >> ; C > ; C > ,
R , R , R . C - 10100 , C C - 0.0550 .
( ) . U C R 1, R 2 ∆ IK ∆ U = ∆ IK ∙ Rk. (R 1 || R 2)
|
|
h 11 (h 11 ≈ h 21 ∙ (25 / IK [ A ]) ~ 1 ).
R = R 1 || R 2 || h 11 .
R 1 R 2 h11 , R : R = h11.
, , .. , - C ( ). , (R 1 || R 2), h21 ∙ R . , R 1 || R 2 << h 21 ∙ R.
,
I = ≈ I,
,
= h21 ∙ I = ,
, ,
= = ∙ RK = ∙ .
Rk 1/h22.
R = Rk || (1/ h 22 ),
h 22 (~50 ).
KU = =
. , C Ck , C R, , , KU.
() , , , .