Is very little.
. He got the job. He knows no Spanish.
2. He got there first. He started last.
3. He doesn't make much progress. He practises a lot.
4. She didn't lose any weight. She dieted for six months.
5. He never made enough to live on. He worked hard.
6. He never mastered the subject. He studied for ten years.
7. He didn't take good photographs. He used very expensive cameras.
8. She never looked smart. She paid a lot for her clothes.
9. She is always late for work. She lives quite near the office.
10. He passed his exams. He did no work.
11. It didn't sell well. It was widely advertised.
12. He was always looked on as a foreigner. He spent his life in this country.
look forward to + gerund
A: When you get home you'll be able to ski, won't you? B: Yes, I'm looking forward to skiing.
ou get home you 'II be able... won 'tyou?
1. swim in the sea,
2. skate,
3. ride your horse again, (Use my.}
4. meet your friends,(Use my.)
5. speak your own language again,(Use my.}
6. fish in the river,
7. have a good holiday,
8. sunbathe,
9. take your dog for walks, (Use my.)
10. buy a lot of new clothes,
11. earn more money,
12. get a good job,
13. continue your university course, (Use my.)
14. start your training, (Use my.)
15. go out without an umbrella,
16. open a language school,
17. write a book about your experiences, (Use my.)
there's no point in + gerund, what's the point of+ gerund
A: The shops don't open till 9 but we'd better be there b> 8 (a)B: But if the shops don't open till 9 there's no point in
being there by 8. (b)B: But if the shops don't open till 9 what's the point of
being there by 8?
1. The train doesn't leave till 9 but we'd better set out for the station at 7. 2. We aren't allowed to take photos but I'll bring my camera. 3. We can't park near the theatre but we'll take the car.
4. The pills aren't any good but we may as well finish the bottle.
5. We haven't any money but let's read the menus outside restaurants. 6. It's a job for men only but I'll advise Ann to apply for it. 7. None of the guests smoke but I'll provide them with ashtrays. 8. Tom hasn't any chance of getting elected but I'll vote for him. 9. The plane doesn't land till 8 but we'd better be at the airport by 7. 10. I'm sure it's not going to rain but I'll take an umbrella. 11. They don't drink alcohol but I'll offer them gin. 12. It's too cold to swim but pack a swimsuit. 13.1 know he'll refuse but I'll ask all the same. (Omit all the same.) 14.1 don't want to buy anything but we may as well look round the shop.
succeed in + gerund
A: He reached the top in the end.
(surprised): Oh, he succeeded in reaching it, did he?
fie... in the end.
1. passed his driving test
2. finished the portrait
3. wrote his thesis
4. started the car
5. caught the plane
6. reached the finishing line
7. repaired the radio
8. got his visa
9. solved the problem
10. climbed the mountain
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11. fixed the aerial
12. found a house (Use one.)
II. Read these situations and write three sentences with used to as in the example.
eg Jane is American. She came to Britain and found driving on the left difficult.
a) At first she wasn't used to driving on the left.
b) But soon she got used to driving on the left.
c) Now she has no problems. She is used to driving on the left.
1. Juan came to England from Spain. In Spain he always had dinner late in the evening. But in England dinner was at 6 o'clock. Juan found this strange at first.
a) At first he wasn't...
b) But after some time he got...
) Now he finds it quite normal. He...
2. Diana is a nurse. She started working nights two years ago. At first she found it strange and didn't like it.
a) At first she...
b) But after a while...
c) Now she doesn't mind it at all. She...
. Respond to the comments.
eg That production of La Boheme is terrible.
Yes, I heard/not worth
Yes, I heard it's not worth seeing.
1. That new ballet has had great reviews. Yes, I heard/ worth 2. Should we go for a walk? It'll be dark soon. No,/not worth/now 3. Shall we watch that new TV programme? It's supposed to be very funny. Yes, I heard/worth 4. What's the book like? Is it good? Yes/worth 5. What do you think of that new production of Macbeth? Is it good? No, I didn't like it./ not worth 6. What is the car like? Is it good? Yes, I think/ worth 7. Did you like the exhibition? Yes, /worth
IV. Here is some information about Tom when he was a child.
1. He was in hospital when he was four. 2. He went to Paris when he was eight. 3. He fell into the river. 4. He cried on his first day at school. 5. He said he wanted to be a doctor. 6. He was bitten by a dog.
He can still remember 1, 2 and 4. But he can't remember 3, 5 and 6.
Make sentences beginning He can remember... or He can't remember...
1. He can remember being in hospital.
V. In this exercise you have to put the verb into the correct form -ing or to + infinitive.
1. Please remember (post) this letter. 2. A: You lent me some money a few months ago. B: Did I? That's strange. I don't remember (lend) you any money. 3. When you see Tom, remember (give) him my regards, won't you? 4. Someone must have taken my bag. I clearly remember (leave) it by the window and now it has gone. 5. Did you remember (phone) Ann? Oh no, 1 completely forgot. 6. I'll never forget (visit) Istanbul in 1983. 7. Don't forget (post) the letter.
VI. Look at these sentences with the verb stop. Which one means "stop somewhere and eat something"? Which one means "quit eating somewhere "?
Why don't we stop to eat at that restaurant? Why don't we stop eating at that restaurant?
complete the following sentences according to the context.
1. Why don't we (stop/eat) at that restaurant. It has great food. 2. Why don't we (stop/eat) at that restaurant. The food is awful. 3. Why don't we (stop/drink) coffee? It isn't good for our health.
4. You should really (stop/smoke). It isn't good for you.
5. Would you like to (stop/have) lunch? I'm getting hungry.
6. It (stopped/rain) a few minutes ago.
7. He (stopped/talk) to his friend whom he hadn't seen for a long tune.
8. She (stopped/talk) when I entered the room. I guessed they had been talking about me.
VII. Paraphrase using without -ing.
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eg She ran five miles. She didn't stop.
She ran five miles without stopping. eg He left the room. Nobody saw him.
He left the room without anyone seeing him.
1. He translated the article. He didn't use a dictionary. 2. Look right and left before you cross the road. Don't cross... 3. She got married. Nobody knew about it. 4. They came to the wedding. They were not invited. 5. He could tell the funniest joke. He didn't even smile.
VIII. In this exercise you have to read a sentence and then make a second sentence with the same meaning using gerunds.
eg I phoned Ann and then I went out. After... After phoning Ann I went out.
1. Tom went to bed but first he had a hot drink. Before... 2. The plane took off and soon afterwards it crashed. Soon after... 3. We didn't eat at home. We went to a restaurant instead. Instead of... 4- When I woke up I felt much better. On... 5. You put people's jives in danger if you drive dangerously. You put people's lives to danger by... 5. He hurt his leg but he managed to win the race. to spite of... 6. George took more exercise and so lost weight. % 7. She smiled when she saw him. At... 8. After I have a short
rest I'll have my dinner. After... 9. He was busy but he helped me. In spite of...
IX. Complete each sentence using gerunds.^
*
A. 1, Do you have any objections to. 2. Is t here any way of... 3. There isn't much chance of... 4. This is the most perfect instrument for... 5. She has a bad habit of. 6. What is the most effective method of... 7. He has no hope of... 8. I've got no experience in... 9.1 don't like the idea of... 10. What is the reason for... 11. You should have seen her surprise at... 12. It was very kind of you to have taken the trouble of... 13. The idea of... was extremely exciting. 14. There was little hope of... 15. If you work hard at your job, you have a good chance of... 16. At the party I had the pleasure of... 17. He displayed no interest in... 18. She hates the idea of... 19.1 have no intention of... 20. He is well-known for his skill in... 21.1 think she doesn't realise the importance of... 22. There is some risk of... 23. He is in the habit of... 24. He was born with the gift of... 25. What are the advantages of...?
B. 1. At weekends I enjoy... 2. This evening I fancy... 3. I'm looking forward to... 4. I'm thinking of... 5. This evening I feel like... 6.1 think people should stop... 7. I've always dreamed of... 8. He admitted... 9. Have you finished...? 10. She suggested... 11. I really don't mind... 12. I normally try to avoid... 13. I anticipate... 14. We can't risk... 15. Would you mind... so much noise? I'm trying to study. 16. You can use scissors for... 17. A vacuum cleaner is used for... 18. She is not used to... 19. They are excited about... 20.... is a bad habit. 21. The only remedy for such a headache as mine is... 22. We were for... 23. He was against... 24. I'm in favour of... 25. There is nothing like... 26. It's no use... 27.1 can see no sense in... 28. His hobby was... 29. We were tired of... 30. The car wants(needs)... 31. The idea is worth... 32. He left without... 33. Fancy him... 34. They didn't succeed in... 35. You are responsible for... 35.1 was surprised at...
Self check
I. Use the gerund in the active or passive form.
1.1 prefer (drive) to (drive). 2. Stop (argue) and start (work).
3 He liked neither (read) nor (read) aloud to. 4. It's no use (cry) over spilt milk, (proverb) 5. Why do you avoid (see) me? 6. He tried to avoid (see). 7.1 suggest (hold) another meeting next week, g. He finished (speak) and sat down. 9. We insist on (send) him there at once. 10. He insists on (send) there instead of me. 11. If you can't turn the key, try (put) some oil in the lock. 12. He showed no sign of (know) them. 13. She showed no sign of (impress). 14.1 was annoyed at (interrupt) every other moment. 15. You can't make an omelette without (break) eggs, (proverb) 16. He is thinking of (leave) his job and (go) to America. 17. She dreams of (invite) to the party. 18. After (read) this article you will give up (smoke). 19. On (introduce) they easily fell to (talk). 20. In (discuss) this problem they touched upon some very interesting items. 21. The equipment must go through a number of tests before (install). 22. The idea is worth (consider). 23. If you put your money into that business you risk (lose) every penny. 24. Imagine (live) with someone who never stops (talk). 25. He hates (remind) people of their duties or (remind) of his. 26. The boys were punished for (break) the window. 27. The old man could not stand (make) fun of. 28. Is there anything here worth (buy)? 29. You'd better consult the lawyer before (decide) to buy the property. 30. She was so eagerly looking forward to (give) the leading part to play that she was greatly disappointed at not even (offer) it. 31. Would you mind (put) your pet snake somewhere else? 32. By (work) day and night he succeeded in (finish) the job in time. 33. He has a scheme for (make) grass grow in winter. 34. He liked to do things without (disturb) anyone or (disturb). 35. She reproached me for not (keep) my promise. 36.1 don't feel like (work); what about (go) to a disco instead? 37. If a thing is worth (do) at all it is worth (do) well, (proverb) 38. The boy was afraid of (punish) and hid himself. 39. She seemed sorry for (be) rude to me. 40.1 hate (borrow) money. 41. After (talk) for ten minutes I succeeded in (convince) him that there was no danger. 42.1 remember (read) a review of that book and (think) I'd like to get it. 43. He stopped for a moment and then went on (speak).
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" Supply an appropriate verb form and preposition (if necessary).
1. Alice isn't interested (look) for a new job. 2. Henry is excited (leave) for India. 3. You are capable (do) better work. 4. I have
no excuse (be) late. 5. I'm accustomed (have) a big breakfast. 6. The rain prevented us (complete) the work. 7. Fred is always complaining (have) a headache. 8. Instead (study), Margaret went to a ball game with some of her friends. 9. Thank you (help) me carry the packages to the post office. 10. Mrs Grant insisted (know) the whole truth. 11. He showed us how to get to his house (draw) a map. 12. You should take advantage (live) here. 13. Laura had a good reason (go, not) to class yesterday. 14. Everyone in the neighbourhood participated (search) for the lost child. 15. I apologized to Diane (make) her wait for me. 16. The weather is terrible tonight. I don't blame you (want, not) to go to the meeting.
17. Who is responsible (wash) and (dry) the dishes after dinner1?
18. In addition (go) to school full-time, Sam has a part-time job.
19. The angry look on his face stopped me (speak) my mind.
20. Where should we go for dinner tonight? Would you object (go) to an Italian restaurant? 21. The mayor made another public statement for the purpose (clarify) the new tax proposal. 22. The thief was accused (steal) a woman's purse. 23. The jury found Mr Adams guilty (take) money from the company he worked for and (keep) it for himself. 24. Bill isn't used (wear) a suit and tie every day. 25. I'm going to visit my family during the school vacation. I'm looking forward (eat) rny mother's cooking and (sleep) in my own bed. 26.1 have a good reason (be) late. 27. It's getting late. I'm worried (miss) my train. 28. I'm not used (drive) in the mountains. 29. Nothing can stop me (go) there. 30.1 apologized to my friend (be) late. 31. When Beth got tired, she stopped (work). 32. Would you mind (open) the door? Thanks. 33. The police officer told him to stop, but he kept (drive). 34.1 enjoy (have) a long walk every morning. 35. I would like to have some friends over. I'm thinking (invite) them to a dinner party. 36. He told a really funny joke. We couldn't stop (laugh)! 37. Where are you considering (go) for vacation. 38. Sometimes I put off (do) my homework. 39.1 quit (read) comic books when I was twelve years old. 40. You can't postpone (make) that decision much longer. 41.1 wanted to go to Mexico. Sally suggested (go) to Hawaii. 42. Tony mentioned (take) the bus to school instead of walking. 43.1 appreciate (be) able to study in peace and quiet. 44. We went (sail) yesterday and enjoyed it very much. 45. Instead (ask) for help on each arithmetic problem, you should use your book and try to figure out the answers yourself. 46.1 look forward (see) you next time I'm in town. I'll let
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u know ahead of time so that we can plan to get together. 47. Alice told us that she was tired (wash) the dishes every night. 48. The four-year-old was blamed (break) the glass candy dish. 49.1 tried to prevent him (come). 50. You should listen to other people instead (talk) about yourself all the time. 51. What do you feel (have) for dinner? Does chicken and rice sound good? 52. Frank believes animals should be protected from hunters. He objects (kill) wild animals for sport. 53. Please don't argue (finish) your homework. Just do it. 54. Mario spent all month preparing for the tennis match, but in spite (practise) for many hours, he lost the match to Ivan. 55. She is thinking (become) a rock star. 56.1 can't stand (watch) romantic films. 57.1 have difficulty (get) to school on time. 58. He is good (organize) parties. 59. He is fond (collect) things. 60. He insisted (give) that job. 61. These shoes want (mend). 62. The baby liked (wash). 63.1 don't see any way (do) it.
III. Translate from Russian into English.
Gerund as subject, complement of subject
1. . 2. . 3. . 4. . 5. , , . 6. . 7. . 8. . 9. . 10. , . 11. . 12. . 13. , , . 14. . 15. . 16. . 17. . 18. . 19. .
Verb + gerund
1- . 2. , .
3. , . 4. , . 5 . 6. . 7. , . 8. , . 9. 3 , . 10. , ? 11. , . 12. , . 13. , . 14. . 15. , koi . 16. . 17. . 18. , . 19. , 20. , , , . 21. . . 22. . 23. , . 24. , . 25. , . 26. . 27. , . 28. , . 29. , -. 30. . . 31. - . ? 32. , . 33. , . 34 . . 35. . 36. ? . 37. , . 38. , . 39. . 40. , | . 41. . 42. , . 43. , . 44. ? , . 45. . 46. . 47. , . 48. , -
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, . 49. . 50. , . 51. , . 52. , ? 53. , . ? 54. . 55. . 56. . 57. . 58. .
Adjective + gerund
1. . 2. , . 3. . 4. , . 5. , . 6. , . 7. . 8. - , . 9. , . 10. . 11. , . 12. . 13. , . 14. . 15. , . 16. ?
17. .
18. , . 19. , 20. . . 21. . 22. , .
Noun + gerund
. 2. . 3. . 4. , . 5. . 6. . 7.
. 8. . 9. ? 10. , . 11. . 12. , . 13. ? 14. , . 15. , . 16. .
Preposition +gerund
1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . 5. , . 6. , . 7. , . 8. , . 9. , . 10. , - . 11. , , , . 12. , . 13. , . 14. , . 15. , . 16. . 17. , . 18. , . 19. , . 20. .
Expressions + gerund
1. . 2. . 3. , . 4. -
. 5. . 6. . 7. , . 8. ./ ./ 9. , - . 10. ? 11. . 12. . . 13. . . 14. .
