5-1. more, the most.
Model: important more important the most important
Carefully, comfortable, progressive, efficient, clearly, beautiful, difficult, beautifully, beautifully, regularly, prominent, brightly, especially, wonderful, realistic, remarkable, special, dependent, attentively.
5-2. :
The elephant's cage . the bear's cage (big),
The cows tail the sheep's tail, (long)
The elephant. the giraffe, (short)
This parrot.. that parrot, (beautiful)
The tortoise.. the hare, (slow)
The dog the wolf, (clever)
The horse the hare, (quick)
This food that food, (good)
This shop. that shop, (bad)
This grass. that grass, (nice)
5-3. .
1. Moscow University is (large) University in Europe. 2. Strength of materials is (difficult) than chemistry. 3. Is it (interesting) to study at the institute than at school? 4. My friend works (hard) at his English than I. 5. My brother is (old) than I but he is (short). 6. The University is one of the (tall) buildings in Moscow. 7. Days in summer are (long) than in winter. 8. This group studies (good) than that one. 9. Oxford is (old) University in Britain
5-4. :
) able, ible, l, ic, fill. .
Respect, response, nation, science, wonder, pay, care, advice, skill, comfort.
) . .
sad, successful, real, slow, usual, day, calm, bright, proud, firm, loud, happy, safe, dry, gradual, soft, brave, hour.
Unit 6. .
6-1. , asas.
Model: This book, the other one, interesting. - This book is as interesting as the other one.
- Jane, Ann, charming. 2. He, I, tall. 3. Michael, his brother, strong. 4. Our car, their car, good. 5. This report, your report, interesting. 6. Her new hat, her skirt, becoming, 7. Your, job, his, essential. 8. The sitting room, the dining room, large. 9. The ice-cream, the cake, delicious. 10. His stories, his jokes, funny.
6-2. , not so...as.
Model: My mother, my father, tall. - My mother is not so tall as my father.
- The bus, the train, fast. 2. My flat, her flat, big. 3. His voice, Carusos, brilliant. 4. The pond, the river, deep. 5. Your typing, hers, fast. 6. This lecture, that lecture, interesting. 7. This hat, that hat, new. 8. His article, her article, long.
6-3. :
The longer the nights, the shorter the days. - , .
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1. The harder we study, the more we know. 2. The more you work, the better you know English. 3. The more we study nature, the more we know about it. 4. The nearer the earth is, the denser the atmosphere is. 5. The stronger the wind, the harder the conditions of work for weather observers. 6. The quicker we finish, the sooner we will go home.
6-4. .
a)teacher, taller, thermometer, thinker;
b) worker, weather, worse, writer;
c)bomber, brother, brighter, barometer;
d)darker, driver, denser, dancer bigger, best, builder, better, father;
e) farther, foreigner, faster, earlier, easier, eater, engineer, compressor;
f)computer, colder, closer meter, mover, more, motor.
6-5. . .
Ultraviolet, prehistoric, postwar, pre-capitalist, anti-aircraft, anti-imperialist, postwar.
Unit 7. .
7-1. , , :
1)(He) essay is very interesting. 2) (We) daughter goes to school. 3) (You) sister is very clever. 4)(they) knowledge of the subject is very poor.5) (She) name is Mag. 6) (I) family lives in Leeds. 7) (She) friends often visit her.
7-2. .
1. We often see (they, them) in the bus. 2. He lives near (we, us). 3. (We, us) always go to school by bus. 4. Mr Black teaches (we, us) English. 5. She sits near (I, me) during the lesson. 6. I always speak to (he, him) in English. 7. What is the matter with (he, him) today? 8. He explains the lesson to (we, us) each morning. 9. There are some letters here for you and (I, me).
7-3. .
. 1. (We, us) all went with (their, them) to the deans office. 2. My friend came to see (I, me) last night. 3. Victor gave Peter and (I, me) a book and we went to the reading-room with (he, him) and his friend. 4. He told Mary and (me, I) to go with (he, him) and his sister. 5. They know all about my friend and (I, me). 6. I came to the Institute with Michael and (her, she). 7. An old man asked (we, us) to come and see (him, his). 8. Go with David and (her, she) to visit (they, them).
B. They invited me to (them, their) party. 2. He could not answer (his, her) teacher. 3. They were (your, you) former students. 4. You are (us, our) colleagues. 5. This is (my, me) brother. 6. Ann went to (his, her) room and put on (his, her) new dress because she was going to a dance given by (his, her) company. 7. Where is the dictionary? (He, it) is in (his, its) place on the table.
C. 1. Your dictionary is new, but (my, mine) is not. 2. She says that this dictionary is (her, hers). 3. You can do it without my help, but not without (theirs, their). 4. Will you help me to sort out the things? I cannot tell which are (your, yours) and which are (our, ours). 5. He is an old friend of (me, mine). 6. Do you know your lesson today? He does not know (him, his). 7. This is your notebook and this is his, but where is (her, hers)?
7-4. :
a) + -merit =
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to environ environment
to enrol enrolment, to develop development, to achieve achievement, to move movement;
b) + -(i)ty =
communal- - community ,
social - society
active activity, special speciality, national nationality, intensive intensity, electric electricity;
c) + -ous =
fame , > famous ,
variety various, number numerous, monotony monotonous;
Unit 8. ()
8-1. .
1. Would you like to see some of (her, hers) poems? 2. (Their, theirs) knowledge of the subject is not much superior to (our, ours). 3. You take care of (your, yours) things and I'll take care of (I mine). 4. All (our, ours) clothes were dirty, and (my; mine) especially so. 5. (Their, theirs) boat was faster than (our, ours). 6. I'm afraid they will take (your, yours) word against (her, hers). 7. (Their, theirs) home is pretty but (our, ours) is prettier.
4. this, that, these, those.
1. All... is very interesting. 2.... exercises are very easy. 3. will do. 4. room is very comfortable. 5. is my English book. 6. Try one of.... 7. are the TV sets of the latest type. 8. books are over there on the table.
8-2. who, whom, which. :
1. The film... we saw last night was not good. 2. She is the girl... I saw at the party yesterday. 3. This is the kind of exercise... I like best. 4. Was it Helen... said that? 5. The book... I read last night was very interesting. 6. Is this the book... you lost? 7. The teacher with... I studied English last year no longer teaches in our school.
8-3. :
re- ( )
renew ,
renewal
renewable ,
rebuild, remake, reuse, reorganize, reorganization.
Unit 9. some any.
9-1. some or any.
1. Call... day you like. 2. Has... one seen my purse... where? 3. one wants to speak to you on the phone, Tom. 4. I have... thing to say to you. 5. I have... letters for Mr. Brown. 6. Have you... letters for me? 7. No, I haven't... letters for you. 8. It is... distance to the station, so we must walk fast. 9. Would you like... Irish beer? 10. He has got a lot of money but he didn't give me....
9-2. so any:
1.... opened the window again. 2. Have you heard... about the blockbuster? 3. The neighbours didn't see... coming into Marys flat.
9-3. .
1.The bigger the cities are, the greater the pollution is. 2. The more computers and robots are used in industry, the quicker technological progress will be. 3. The more automobiles appear in the streets, the worse the air in the cities is. 4. The more effective is the technology, the quicker is the development of this country. 5. The quicker we join our efforts in protecting the environment, the quicker the ecological problems are solved.
9-4. t much, many, little, a little, few, a few.
1. Id like to say... words about my travelling. 2. She gave him... water to wash his hands and face. 3. He had... English books at home, so he had to go to the library. 4. After the lesson everybody felt... tired. 5. Lets stay here... longer. I like it here. 6. There were... new words in the text and Peter spent... time learning them. 7. There was... sugar in the bowl, and we had to put... sugar there. 8. My mother knows German... and she can help you with the translation of this text. 9. When we walked... farther down the road we met another group of pupils. 10. Have you got... time before the lesson?
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9-5. , :
administration, gradual, electric, intensively, practical, dramatic, integral, specific, operation, illumination, naturally, identical, organization, originally, arctic, technical, acceleration.
Unit 10. much, many, little, few.
10-1. much, many, little, a little, few, a few.
1. Id like to say... words about my travelling. 2. She gave him... water to wash his hands and face. 3. He had... English books at home, so he had to go to the library. 4. After the lesson everybody felt... tired. 5. Lets stay here... longer. I like it here. 6. There were... new words in the text and Peter spent... time learning them. 7. There was... sugar in the bowl, and we had to put... sugar there. 8. My mother knows German... and she can help you with the translation of this text. 9. When we walked... farther down the road we met another group of pupils. 10. Have you got... time before the lesson?
10-2. much or many.
1. Please dont ask me... questions. 2. How... money have you got? 3.1 never eat... bread with soup. 4. Why did you eat so... ice-cream? 5. She wrote us... letters from the country. 6.... of these students dont like to look up words in the dictionary. 7.... in this work was too difficult for me. 8. He spent... time writing his composition in Literature. 9. There were... plates on the table. 10. Thank you very...! 11.... of my friends are preparing for their entrance examinations now. 12.1 dont like... sugar in my tea.
10-3. :
1. . 2. . 3. ? , . 4. -. 5. . 6. . 7. . 8. , . 9. , .
Unit 11. there is/are:
11-1. there is/are.
1. There... a telegram on the table. 2.... there any telegrams from Moscow? Yes, there... some. 3.... there a flight for Moscow tomorrow? Yes, there.... 4. There... much snow last winter. 5. There... a lot of stars and planets in space. 6.... there a lift in your future house? Yes, there . 7. Some years ago there... many old houses in our street. 8.... there any lectures yesterday? No, there.... 9.... there a lamp over the table? Yes, there.... 10.... there any interesting stories in this book? 11.... there a test last lesson? No, there.... 12. Soon there... a new film on.
11-2. :
1. There are some new pupils in our group. 2. There is no book on the table. 3. There were many old houses in our street. 4. There are 4 seasons in a year. 5. There will be a conference next week. 6. There are many large cities in our country. 7. There was nobody in the room. 8. There are 7 days in a week. 9. There is something on the shelf. 10. There are many places of interest in London. 11. There are many beautiful flowers in our garden. 12. There was much work last week.
11-3. Past Indefinite Future Indefinite, :
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1.There is much snow in winter. 2. There are 4 theatres in our city. 3. There is no lift in our house. 4. There are many new books in our library. 5. There is little milk in the bottle. 6. There are 3 rooms in our flat. 7. There is a map on the wall.
Unit 12. :
12-1. :
1. She is a student. Is she a student? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. 2. He speaks English well. Does he speak English well? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 3. They have many books. Have they many books? Yes, they have. / No, they havent. 4. The weather was fine yesterday. Was the weather fine yesterday? Yes, it was. / No, it wasnt. 5. We saw a new film yesterday. Did we see a new film yesterday? Yes, we did. / No, we didnt. 6. You can read well. Can you read well? Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 7. There will be five lessons tomorrow. Will there be five lessons tomorrow? Yes, there will. / No, there will not (wont).
12-2. ; ; :
1. There is a book on the table. 2. He must work hard today. 3. We are leaving for Moscow next week. 4. We were reading the whole evening. 5. They dont go to work on Sunday. 6. It is not cold today. 7. Ann has already begun to read a new book. 8. We learn English at school. 9. They will show you how to get there. 10. They finished the translation before the end of the lesson. 11. I didnt feel well that evening. 12. It wasnt difficult to do this task.
12-3. :
1. Our family lives in a three-room flat. Does your family live in a three-room flat or in a house? It lives in a three-room flat. 2. They went to the same school. Did they go to the same school or to different schools? They went to the same school. 3. He will read this book tomorrow. Will he read this text tomorrow or next week? He will read it tomorrow. 4. They are playing chess now. Are they playing chess or cards now? They are playing chess. 5. Our teacher has told us to write. Has our teacher told us to write or to read? He has told us to write.
12-4. :
1.Our teacher knows several foreign languages. 2. He has graduated from our University last year. 3. We shall go to Samara next week. 4. They are working in our garden. 5. I have just read this book. 6. I took this book from my friend. 7. He likes reading books. 8. She has many relatives abroad. 9. They were in many countries. 10. Russia is the largest country in the world.
Unit 13. to be, to have ,
13-1. , to be .
1. The biggest research centre in Russia (to be) the Academy of Sciences of Russia. 2. Every student (to be) interested in this problem last year. 3. They (to be) at the plant tomorrow. 4. We (to be) in the workshop now. 5. In April 1984 21.5 percent of young people under 25 (to be) unemployed in England. 6. You (to be) in the chemical laboratory a week ago? No, we (not to be). We (to be) there only the day after tomorrow.
13-2. .
1. I... at home now. I... in my room. My room... small. I... at the desk. The desk... large. It... black. I... ready to begin my work. The work... not easy. 2. He... at the University yesterday. He... at an English lesson. She... also at the same English lesson. They... in the classroom. The lesson... not over. 3. They... not ready now. Their work... not easy. Soon they... ready. 4. The teacher... at the University today. She... in the classroom. Yesterday she... not at the University. She... at home. 5. We... in the mans house last week. The man... not at home. His children... at home. 6. Our task... over tomorrow. We... not be late. 7. The boy... in the next room. The girls... also in the next room. They... at their desks. 8. She... a good girl. Her manners... nice. She... young. Next year she... a teacher of English.
13-3. to be, to have .
1.Moscow... the capital of Russia. 2. There... many institutes in Moscow. 3. The oldest of them... Moscow University. 4. Our University... one of the oldest technological institutes in this country. 5. It... founded in 1830. 6. It... old and new buildings. 7. There... laboratories, workshops and libraries in our institute. 8. Every faculty... its own computer center. 9. Our library... a great number of books and magazines in all branches of science and technology. 10. Last year we... at school, next year we... the second year students. 11. We... industrial training in the third year.
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13-4. .
1. The higher technical school has a daytime and an evening departments. There is... school. 2. The school has three faculties. There are... school. 3. This system of education had some advantages.... some advantages in this system of education. 4. We have many laboratories at the Institute. There... at the Institute. 5. Our country has many branches of industry. There are... our country. 6. Well have a great number of specialists and engineers in this field in our country. There... in this field in our country.
13-5. , , .
advancement ( , ), investment (), measurement (), achievement (), improvement (), fulfillment ().
Unit 14. . .
14-1. :
1) With, many, a host, of, the help, tame, of computers, incurable, can, we, of many. 2) bases, allow, data, to, electronic, large, companies, ticket, check, availability. 3) need, line, stand, dont, in, you. 4) a few, validates, the card, seconds, in, computer. 5) your car, a collection, in, chips, of 7 controls, timing, plug, spark. 6) complex/the technology/growing/more/keeps.7)then/now/positive/to think/every/worthwhile/of/is/it/the computers/and. 8) for/always/as/I/a boy/a stopwatch/had/wanted/never/the money/want/but.9) into/a/a/a/wrong/spell-checker/right/program/word/correct/one. 10) into/turn/a button/squeeze/end/will/it/a stopwatch.
14-2. , .
1. Work, leading scientists, at this problem, now. 2. New, factories, construction, of, will continue. 3. Soviet, major, an industry, auto-making, is, at present. 4. Became, main, the material, metal, the engineer, of. 5. A great number, the plant, engines, of, produces.
14-3. , .
1) Is, best, she, friend, my. 2) Learn, different, students, our, subjects.3) The, is, Russia, the, in, country, largest, world. 4) In, the, we, city, live, a, flat, in, of, center, the. 5) Reading, is, my, of, best, sons, fond, friend.
14-4. .
1.has, buildings, our, several, institute. 2. subjects, students, many, the first-year, study. 3. the third-year, had, last, students, training, industrial, summer. 4. carry out, students, practical, work, in, laboratories, well-equipped. 5. problems, many, scientists, important, solve, our. 6. texts, difficult, Finnbow, technical, translated. 7. his, will, the teacher, translation, correct. 8. next, dean, a lecture, deliver, our, week, will. 9. students, more, institutes, last, entered, a million, than, year.
14-5. there is/there are, .
1. Moscow, in, scientific, were, there, many, workers, year, last. 2. 31 polytechnics, are, in, there, the United Kingdom. 3. Scotland, are, in, universities, 8, there.4. England, are, in, and, 35, universities, there, Wales. 5. Northern Ireland, 2, there, universities, are. 6. System, education, the, is, United States, there, no, national, of, in. 7. 19, in, there, universities, are, Canada. 8. Are, private, there, 4, Canada, in, universities.
14-6. , .
1. were, pale, they, men, faces, big, with. 2. New Zealand, were, from, the eight men, divers. 3. to clear, the harbour, was brought, of its wrecks, the team, to, Rangoon. 4. these, refugees, a lot, of, ships, had boarded. 5. climbed, of, the ship, hole, in, the side, I, through, one. 6. the compartment, the lamp, next, just, in, is being fixed. 7. appeared, the porter's, in, the doorway, face, smiling. 8. a few, words, I, to say, companion, was eager, my, to. 9. was born, of, Mark Twain, a lawyer, in, small town, the family, in 1835. 10. in, he, a printshop, began, home, his, to work, town, at. 11. a number, this, was followed, of, by, story, stories, short, novels, and.
Unit 15.
15-1. in, at, on, to, into, under, near.
1. We live... Moscow. 2. I get up... seven oclock and leave... eight. 3. I usually walk... the institute. 4. There are three rooms... our flat. 5. There is a picture... the wall and a small table... the picture. 6. He comes... the room and sits down... the chair... the table. 7.... the evening we watch TV or read books. 8. We do not study... Sunday. 9. There are several newspapers... the table. 10. The accident happened... the bridge.
15-2. , , .
1. After the international conference on ecology it has become possible to begin working at environmental problems on a global scale. 2. Some scientists and engineers are working at improving traditional production processes, others are developing new tech-nologies. 3. The new instruments will enable us to determine the level of pollution in our rivers. 4. Our technological advances make it possible to deal with the most difficult problems. 5. Our lecturers book on strength of materials is well-known and popular. 6. One must study six years to become an engineer. 7. There is a big library in the new building of our institute. It is a very good library. One may get all the necessary books there and it is possible to keep them till the end of the academic year. 8. It is well-known that technological progress is impossible without electronics, computers, robots and new materials. 9. That ecological problems have become the most important ones at present is evident to all. 10. What is necessary for the students is to get a good qualification. 11. That S.P. Korolyev was the founder of practical cosmonautics is a well- known fact. 12. That theory is combined with practical training is a very good tradition of our educational system. 13. That it is necessary to develop an international ecological program is realized throughout the world.
15-3. by .
1. 3 oclock I shall be free and go with you to the library. 2. By the end of the second year we shall have finished studying the main engineering subjects. 3. By the beginning of the lecture the laboratory assistant had brought all the necessary diagrams. 4. By the year 2010 cable television will have been used more widely. 5. By the summer of 1945 World War II had been over.
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15-4. , .
1. The electronic industry produces several types of minicomputers. 2. The air in many cities has been polluted by traffic and industry. 3. The lecture on environment protection was very inte-resting. 4. Mankind has never experienced changes in life and work on such a scale. 5. The task of the world community is to improve I he ecological situation in the world. 6. In six years we shall become engineers. 7. It is possible to take measures to protect environment on a global level by the joint efforts of all countries. 8. Professor N. is the dean of our faculty. 9. The important feature of our education is that it combines theory with practical training. 10. The main tendency of our life is that computers are being used in all spheres of technology, science and everyday life. 11. The essential feature in environment protection is that most of it is done by public initiative. 12. What is necessary today is that the protection of global natural resources must be planned. 13. Today one of the most important problems is that big cities are polluted.
Unit 16. (Present Simple)
16-1. , , Present Simple.
1.He always (prepare) his homework carefully. 2. We always (play) tennis on Saturdays. 3.She (speak) several foreign languages. 4. The children (play) in the park every afternoon. 5. Helen (work) very hard. 6. They (take) a lot of trips together. 7. We always (travel) by car. 8. I (eat) lunch in the cafeteria every day.
16-2. .
1.He knows French perfectly. 2.I understand everything he says. 3.She makes mistakes in spelling. 4. They enjoy their English lessons. 5. They live in Manchester. 6.We use our books in class. 7. The plane leaves at ten oclock. 8. She always comes to class late. 9. I always take the same bus to work. 10. The weather is generally good at this time of the year. 11.He puts the chairs round the table. 12. Mary gives each person a souvenir.13. He gets up early on Sundays. 14. She attends lectures regularly 15. They go to Lille every week. 16. They walk around the campus every evening. 17. She gets acquainted with the new friends very easily.
16-3. 3. . .
1. (Give) this to John. 2. (Open) the door. 3. (Close) the door.4. (Telephone) him in the morning. 5. (Let) him talk with her. 6. (Turn) the light. 7. (Leave) your hat on the chair. 8. (Lend) me a pencil. 9. (Help) him with his homework.
16-4. , .
1.The students study the language twice a week. They read the texts, answer the questions and write exercises. 2. The students go to class every day. The classes begin at 9 o'clock. The students stay at the University till 5 o'clock. After that they go home. 3. Every morning at breakfast the boys sit facing each other, they have their ham-and-eggs and cheese, they drink coffee and listen to the 8 o'clock news. 4. Our friends leave for St. Petersburg today and arrive there late in the evening. They spend several days there every year, visit museums, theatres and walk round this beautiful city.
16-5. , .
1. They show us New Year postcards. 2. My neighbours make fence around their house. 3. They publish their books in the Central Publishing House. 4. Passengers fill in the form and go through the customers. 5. There are usually a lot of people in Hyde Park. They sit on the bench, stand, talk, listen to speakers.
16-6. .
1. father reads books every day. 2. She lives in Lidds, she doesn't live in Manchester. 3. Does your father go to work every day? - No, he does not. 4. My father does not have supper at 9 p.m. 5. Does she go to school? - No, she doesn't. 6. Who helps your mother? -I do.7. This old woman doesn't go shop-ping very often.8. He likes milk. He doesn't like coffee. 9. What does your friend do after school? He usually has dinner after school. 10. Do you read English books? - Yes, I do. 11. The little girl doesn't play the piano. 12. Does Al play football? - Yes, he does. 13. When does your mother come home from work? She comes home at 6 p.m.14. How many lessons does she have every day? She has 5 or 6 lessons every day.15. Does she live in Park Lane? - No, she doesn't.
Unit 17. (Past Simple). .
17-1. , Past Indefinite.
1. I (listen) to the radio until twelve o'clock last night. 2. He always (want) to learn English. 3. Ann and I (talk) over the telephone yesterday. 4. The meeting (last) about two hours. 5. I (wait) almost two hours for Helen yesterday. 6. She (study) in our class last semester. 7. We (watch) television until eleven o'clock last night.
17-2. , , Past Indefinite.
1. made some mistakes in spelling. 2. They have some pretty dresses in that store. 3. The teacher taught us some important rules of grammar. 4.We learned some new words in class yesterday.5.There are some flowers in the yellow vase. 6. The doctor gave her some pills to take. 7.I bought some stamps at the post-office. 8. He told us about some of his experiences.
17-3. .
1. They stayed in Moscow all summer. 2. She planned her work. 3. The crowd waited a long time to see the famous actor. 4. He worked in that Institute for many years. 5. We arrived home late. 6. He entered class in April. 7. Ann passed all her examinations. 8. The meeting lasted for a long time. 9. They travelled there by train. 10. She decided to write a letter to her parents at home.
17-4. :
1. We (to write) this letter last week. 2. They (to go) to the stadium yesterday. 3. Jane (to type) three letters yesterday. 4. I (not see) Jane last week. 5. She (not be) at home when I (to come). 6. You (to go) to London last year? 7. When you (to start) school? 8. I (to go) to school when I (to be) six. 9. When you (to be born)? 10. Why you (not to come) (to see) us yesterday? 11. Where you (to be) last week?
17-5. :
1. Last summer we lived in Wales.2. She went to school by bus yesterday.3. They didn't have an English lesson yesterday. 4. You didn't come home in time. 5. Did you have supper at 7 o'clock? - Yes, I did. I had my breakfast at 8 o'clock. 6. Did you walk or take a bus? -I took a bus. 7. What did you see at the Zoo yesterday? -I saw a polar bear. 8. When did the math lesson begin? - It began at 10 o'clock. 9. What did you do on Sunday? - We stayed at home. 10.Who sang songs yesterday? - The girls did. The girls sang songs yesterday. 11.They went for a walk in the afternoon. 12. Did it rain yesterday? - Yes, it did. It rained yesterday.13. She didn't take her daughter to the concert.
17-6. .
gets at seven oclock. He washes his face, cleans his teeth and combs. He goes to the kitchen and has his breakfast. For breakfast he has a cup of coffee and cheese. When the breakfast is over, he goes to the office. He takes a bus to get to his work. At the office he works till two oclock. At two oclock he has dinner. He finishes his work at seven oclock in the evening. He decides to walk a little after his working day. He returns home at nine. He doesnt want have supper, he only drinks tea. Suddenly he remembers that he has to phone his friend. He dials the numbers that he has to phone his friend. He dials the number but nobody answers. His friend is not at home. He goes to his room and decides to watch TV. When the TV programme is over, he sleeps.
Unit 18. (Future Simple)
18-1. :
1. He will speak to you tomorrow. 2. She will give you this book. 3. We shall see him on Sunday. 4. I shall finish school in a year.
18-2. , Future Simple
1. Helen (find) the book which you need. 2. They (see) us tomorrow. 3. I (finish) the work in April. 4. The shops (close) at noon today. 5. We (arrive) at three o'clock. 6. She (tell) you all about it. 7. We (spend) two months in the South.8. The plant (die) because of lack of sunshine. 9. The meeting (begin) at eight o'clock. 10. The film (last) an hour.
18-3. .
Model: They will arrive at three o'clock. Will they arrive at I o'clock? They won't arrive at three o'clock.
1. These exercises will be easy for you. 2. He will be able to meet us later. 3. Our drama society will present a new play this year. 4. The lesson will be over at twelve o'clock. 5. There will be three new students in the class. 6. She will leave a message on the table for him. 7. They will write to us on Wednesday. 8. We shall take the children to the park.
18-4. .
Model: Will you stay here for some time? -Yes, we shall. (No shan't).
1. Will you go to the cinema this Sunday? 2. Will you go to the camp this summer? 3. Will your friend have an English lesson tomorrow? 4. Will your parents have a holiday in summer? 5. Will you watch TV every day?
18-5. :
1.You will find George at home (3). 2. They will go to the cinema after classes (4). 3. You will find his photograph on the table (4). 4. The police will find the burglar (3). 5. They will hurry home after classes (4). 6. Our lecture will start at 11 oclock (3).
18-6. :
1. When you (to come) home? 2. He (to go) (to see) his parents on Sunday. 3. (Not to go) to the supermarket in the evening. There (to be) a lot of people there. 4. You (to be) at home at six oclock? 5. She (to earn) more than two thousand dollars. 6. When you (help) us (to translate) this article?
Unit 19. Present Continuous
19-1. ,
1. The students are translating the sentences from English into Russian now. 2. The teacher is listening to them. 3. You are making a lot of mistakes in your answer. 4. You are always talking at the lessons. 5. We are leaving for Moscow tomorrow. 6. The economic situation is bad and| is getting worse.
19-2. , , Present Continuous.
1.I see that you (wear) your new suit today. 2. Listen! Someone (knock) at the door. 3. The bus (stop) for us now. 4. Please, be quiet! The baby (sleep). 5. The leaves (begin) to fall from the trees. 6. John (have) lunch in the cafeteria now. 7. Listen! I think the telephone (ring). 8. Ann seems to be very busy. I guess she (prepare) her English lesson.
19-3. :
1. Janet Snow is in a street in New York. 2. She is in a taxi now. 3. The taxi is going to Kennedy airport. 4. The plane is coming from London. 5. George King is speaking to a clerk. 6. I am going to London. 7. We are on the plane. 8. We are going to New York.
19-4. , .
| Her friend | are watching | a letter |
| They | is writing | on the telephone |
| I | are listening to | the latest news on the radio |
| You | am reading | the TV programme |
| We | is speaking _ St _____________ | an exercise |
19-5. .
Model: Open the text-book. - What are you doing? -1 am opening the book.
1. Read the text. 2. Count the chairs. 3. Take the pencil from neighbour. 4. Shut the door. 5. Leave the classroom. 6. Say the dialogue phrase. 7. Drill the exercise. 8. Hang the map. 9. Go to the blackboard. 10. Eat the soup.
Unit 20. (Present Perfect)
20-1. , Present Perfect:
1. I (to be) in London this year. 2. We (to see) this film before.3. He (not to meet) his parents. 4. She (to hear) this music before. 5. I (to write) a new book this month.6. They (not to finish) their work yet. 7. Alan (not to have) his breakfast. 8. Cathy (not to get) up yet. 9. Martin (not to wash) up yet. 10. We (not to tell) him the truth. 11. You (to mention) my name? 12. Your mother already (to come)? 13. Where Martin (to go)? 14. Why John (to take) this book? 15. Jane (to be) at the theatre this week?
20-2. , , Present Perfect:
1) I (to speak) to him about it several times. 2) We (to learn) many new words in this course. 3) I (to make) the same mistake several times.4) I (to hear) that story before.5. I am afraid that I (to lose) my car keys. 6. She (to see) this film three times. 7. I (to tell) John what you said. 8. She (to return) my book at last. 9. She says that she (to lose) her new pocket-book.
20-3. :
1. He has bought a new bike. 2. Ive sent a letter to my friend. 3. She has made a very bad mistake.4. The children have gone to bed. 5. I have seen a mouse in the kitchen. 6. Weve met our business partners. 7. Ive lost my student identity card.8. They have cleaned their rooms.9. The tourists have visited the National Gallery. 10. The teacher has checked our tests. 11. Harry has broken his car. 12. Ive forgotten his phone number. 13. They have left for Rome. 14. Mary has seen this film. 15. We have read this detective story. 16. He has taken my credit card.
20-4. :
1. Jack (to pass) his interview and hes very happy. 2. Im afraid the manager not (to come) yet. 3. Thank you for everything you (to do) for us. 4. I already (to study) the telexes from Paris and I (to write) the answers.5. Im afraid he (to forget) that you are waiting for him.6. You (to have) dinner yet? 7. I not (to see) my boss this week. He (to fall) ill. 8. They just (to call) and (to invite) us to lunch. 9. Where is Mr Green? (to go) to the bank. 10. My little cousin already (to learn) to read. 11. No news (to come) yet from our office in London. 12. Someone (to eat) all the cakes and I not even (to taste) one. 13. Remember that your children already (to grow) up.14. I not (to look through) my favourite magazine yet.15. My mother (to throw away) the sour cream. Its too old. 16. I (to cut) my finger badly. It hurts.
Unit 21. can/could, to be able
21-1. . :
1.They can understand me. 2. Polly could go there.3. You can stay here for some time. 4. She could skate very well. 5. Peter can help me now. 6. He could answer all the questions. 7. She can open the window. 8. They could talk to him for me.9. Peter can speak German. 10. She can do it for you next week.
21-2. , can, could:
1. . 2. ? 3. ? 4. . 5. ? 6. . 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10. , . 11. ? 12. . 13. . 14. ? 15. , .
21-3. , to be able to:
1. . 2. . 3. . 4. . 5. ? 6. , . 7. .
Unit 22. may/might, to be allowed to.
22-1. :
1)You may take my book. 2) You may not take it. 3) May I go out? 4) He said I might take his car.
22-2. , may:
1. ? 2. ? 3. , .4. . 5. ? 6. . 7. , . 8. ? 9. . 10. .
22-3. :
1)He is allowed to go for a walk.2)He was allowed to go for a walk. 3) He will be allowed to go for a walk.
22-4. , to be allowed to:
1. . 2. . 3. . 4. . 5. . 6. ? 7. ? 8. . 9. . 10. ?
22-5. may can:
1) I come in? 2. He not go out because he is ill. 3. You translate this text; you dont know French enough. 4. Take the umbrella: it rain. 5. She visit us if she has time. 6. Do you think he answer all these questions? 7. she use your phone? 8. you help me just now? 9. I not find my key. 10. he drive a car if it is necessary to?
Unit 23. must, to have to
32-1. :
1)He must go there now. 2)She must go to the bank tomorrow. 3) You must not leave. 4) Must I leave?
23-2. , must:
1. . 2. . 3. . 4. . 5. ? 6. . 7. . 8. ? 9. . 10. , . 11. . 12. ? 13. , .14. . 15. , .
23-3. :
1)I have to stay here. 2) I dont have to stay here. 3) He had to explain everything.4) He will have to explain everything.5) Do you have to go there?
23-4. , to have to:
1) .2) . 3) . 4) .5) . 6) . 7) . 8) ? 9) .10) ?
23-5. must to have to . , .
1)She leave the party yesterday-she wasnt well. 2) He was late for work today because he visit the doctor first. 3) You borrow my things without asking. 4) We are sorry, you smoke here. 5) She said we wash all the windows in the house. 6) Since the new manager came, they... change their methods of research.7) Her son is happy as he do his home task today. 8) I not speak German since I was at school. 9) The teacher told us that we answer all the questions. 10) He get up early on Monday if he wants to catch the bus.
Unit 23. to be to
23-1. :
1)She is to come at seven. 2) Polly was to come at seven. 3) They are to discuss it tomorrow. 4) They were to have signed the contract at nine.
23-2. , to be to :
1) .2) . 3) . 4) . 5) . 6) , . 7) .8) , . 9) . 10) , .11) .
23-3. , must, to be to to have to:
1) , .2) . 3) ? 4) , . 5) . 6) , . 7) . 8) . , .9) . . 10) . 11) . 12) , , . 13) .
Unit 24. .
24-1. . .
1. The audience enjoyed the concert very much. 2. They developed a new method of teaching. 3. The little boy ate the cake. 4. The teacher corrects our exercises at home. 5. They started a dancing class last week. 6. Everybody will see this film soon. 7. The teacher returned our written work to us. 8. Mr. Smith will leave the tickets at the box-office. 9. The students translate texts during the lessons. 10. Mary took that book from the desk.
24-2. . .
1.The entire city was destroyed by the fire. 2. The lecture was attended by many people. 3. The book will be published in spring. 4. The class is taught by Mr. Smith. 5. It was designed by a French engineer. 6. This book is always read by the students of the first course. 7. The letter was left on the table. 8. The house was struck by lightning. 9. The cries of the child were heard by everyone.
24-3. :
I. The first prize was won by John. 2. Our exercises are corrected each night by the teacher. 3. The mail is delivered at ten o'clock. 4. The construction of the bridge will be finished this year. 5. The contract will be signed tomorrow. 6. His report was listened to with great interest. 7. Your letter has been sent in time. 8. Victor had been asked by the examiner shortly before I came. 9. The room was being painted when I entered it.
24-4. . .
1 The article was translated with a dictionary. 2. The meeting will be organised in a big hall. 3. All the students of our group had been asked by the examiner by 3 o'clock. 4. My friend was being asked by the teacher when I entered the classroom. 5. Children are forbidden to play on the pavement. 6. I hate to be bothered during my work. 7.1 have never been asked to meet them. 8. Let me know if my help is needed. 9. The young doctor was helped by his teacher. 10. People learning foreign languages are advised to read foreign literature in the original. 11. He was called out of the room at this point. 12. In the museums visitors are asked not to touch the exhibits. 13. The doctor was sent for. 14. He was always laughed at. 15. My children are looked after by my grandmother. 16. She was given a nice cat. 17. She was looked for everywhere.
24-5. , , , .
1. The books are taken from the library. 2. He was asked to help one of our students. 3. Many newspapers and magazines are published in this country. 4. That problem was discussed at our meeting. 5. The diagrams were brought by our monitor. 6. The exams will be taken in January. 7. They were told to do their work quickly.8. The study of theory is accompanied by practical training. 9. A new laboratory was opened last year. 10. We shall be given a new task tomorrow. 11. Every institute is headed by Rector. 12. In summer you will be sent to a big plant for your industrial training
24-6. , .
1. In mechanics the study of kinematics is followed by the study of dynamics. 2. A gas may be looked upon as the vapour of a liquid with a very low boiling point or very great vapour pressure. 3. Lead is very slightly acted upon by the oxygen of the air. 4. The works of] Tsiolkovsky were followed by a number of very important works in the field of astronautics. 5. The production of special metallurgical alloys is seldom influenced by gravity. 6. This article describe design characteristics which are followed by the description of the results of the experiments. This description is followed by a discussion of nontechnical aspects of the lunar programme proposed.
.
Unit 25. - .
25-1.
It is cold today. Its nice to meet you. It is nine oclock now. Is it cold? Wasnt it interesting?
25-2. .
1. . 2. . 3. . 4. . 5. . . 6. ? 7. 10 . 8. ? 9. , . 10. ?
25-3.
| Verb | Noun | Personal noun |
| producer | ||
| operation | ||
| generate | mover | |
| act | design | |
| invent | ||
| consume | transformation regulation | |
| indicate |
25-4. :
tele- ( ) television, telegraph, telegraphy, telemetry phone, text, scope, printer, communication;
photo- ( ) photon, photograph, photography, photographic copy, finish, meter, electric, sensitive
.
Unit 26.
26-1.
1.
26-2. 16 :
: some + body = somebody -, -
some body
any one
no thing
every where
26-4. :
+ -ive =
to act - active
intensity- -> intensive-
to conserve conservative, progress progressive, effect effective, mass massive, to react reactive;
-ure
nature ; culture
structure, manufacture, future, measure, feature, agriculture;
super- (, )
supernatural ; superpower
supergenius, supercomputer, superman, supermarket, supersonic, superhot, superconductor.
Unit 27.
27-2.
27-4. :
a) micro-, mini- (-, -) microscope , microscopic
computer, chip, electronics, fiche, film, phone, processor, wave, organism;
b)minimum , minimal , minimize ,
computer, screen, tour, bus, skirt, -sized.
Unit 27. should/ought to
27-1. :
1)You should enter the Moscow Region State University of Technology. 2) You ought to be more attentive. 3) He shouldnt be sitting here. 4) He oughtnt to be working for this firm.5) You should have told us about it. 6) You ought to have sent the warning.7) You shouldnt have designed this mechanical shop. 8) Should we check the quality of these products?
27-2. , should ought t:
1) . . 2) . . 3) . 4) . . 5) . 6) . 7) . 8) .
27-3. , should ought to:
1)You follow instructions before taking medicine. 2) Its very late. Children be in bed. 3) You not smoke here. 4) Its his anniversary next week. May be we to send him a telegram. 5) Her room is dirty. She clean it. 6) This hotel is very expensive. You not stay here.7) She drives too fast. She drive carefully. 8) They no let the children see such films. 9) They invite us to have barbecue. we take something to eat? 10) You not read in the car. You may feel sick.11) He book the tickets in advance.12) She leave valuable in the car.
27-4. super- .
man, power, genius, hot, hard, natural, conductor.
Unit 28. need
28-1. :
1)He neednt go there. 2)Need he go there? 3) He neednt have gone there. 4) I dont need advice. 5) Does he need out help?
28-2.
28-5. :
1.This work must be done quickly. 2. Many complex problems can be solved with the help of computers. 3. Lomonosov may be called the founder of higher education in Russia. 4. Books on this subject can be found in every library. 5. Many basic subjects must be studied by the first and second-year students.
.
| Verb, Noun | Adjective |
| create | possessive |
| act | |
| compete | competitive |
| attract | comparative |
| expense | |
| sense | |
| mass |
Unit 29.
-ible/-able, :
1) that can be done, can exist, happen;
2) that cannot be done, cannot exist, happen;
3) that can be used;
4) that may be obtained, can be used;
5) that may be relied on;
6) that cannot be relied on;
7) which may be questioned;
8) which may not be questioned;
9) absolutely essential.
Unit 30.
29-1.
| Noun | Adjective | Adverb |
| questionably | ||
| availability capability | ||
| usable | ||
| possibly | ||
| reliability quality quantity | intensively | |
| indispensability |
:
+ -ful = use > useful power,
skill, success;
+ -less = use useless change, noise, water, help, end;
+ -ness = weightless - weightlessness
useful, dark, hard, weak;
Unit 31.
32-1. :
1)Agrofert failed to supply requested documentation. 2)Now Agrofert wants to complete the transaction in concert with Polish refinery group. 3) The manager said he was unwilling to complete the deal under current conditions. 4) It would be extremely complicated process to change the conditions. 5) Lack of transparency and information jeopardizes potential for corporate to raise finance in their own name. 6) Many entities are now starting to play an important role in raising trade financing to support their own large projects.
32-2. :
un-/im-
questionable unquestionable ,
material immaterial, limited unlimited, important unimportant, usual unusual, natural unnatural, necessary un-necessary, known unknown, qualified unqualified, changing unchanging, seen unseen, possible impossible, perfect imperfect, personal impersonal, mobile immobile.
Unit 32.
32-1. :
1)We wanted you to fill in this order. 2) We didnt expect the letter to be received so soon.3) Wed like you to know it.
32-2. :
1) , . 2) , . 3) , .
Unit 33.
34-1. , , :
1)Retailing includes retail shops, petrol stations, street markets, door-to-door selling and so on. 2)Bulk buying has now become a feature of family shopping. 3) In most Western industrial countries, advertising is a major industry. 4) Taxes wealth causes problems when the wealth is held in the forms of land, building, works of art and jewellery. 5) Trading with other countries enables people to enjoy a much wider range of gods than they can produce by themselves. 6) Launching new products is essential for the survival of the company.
34-2. . :
1. Reading is his hobby. 2. Stop shouting! I hear you quite well. 3. He finished speaking and sat down. 4. He mentioned having discussed this question with other teachers. 5. Some parents prefer keeping their children under supervision. 6. Some people prefer listening to somebody Ise's opinion to forming their own. 7. He denied knowing anything about future plans. 8. She hates working late into the night. 9. The o
