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1.
5 $ | 0 $ | 5 $ | |
8 $ | 5 $ | 3 $ | |
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25 $ | 17 $ | 8 $ | |
55 $ | 30 $ | 25 $ |
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(consumption spending ) . 2/3 3/4 :
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, . , , . I net > 0, .. ( ), I gross > A, , , . I gross = A, .. I net = 0, , , . I net < 0, I gross < A. , .. , .
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= () +
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$25 ( $25), : $5 + $3 ($8 - $5) + $9 ($17 - $8) + $8 ($25 - $17) = $25, : $5 + $3 + $9 + $8 = $25. , - $25.
. , : (), (), () : (), (), ()
(Gross National Product GNP) (Gross Domestic Product GDP) . ():
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t = Spt qt,
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t = Sp0 qt
:
0 = 0 = Sp0 q0
, 1 ( 100%).
t () , 0 , t , , , 0 , qt () , , , q0 () ). , (, ..).
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= IL = (Spt q0 /Sp0 q0) × 100%
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= /
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(p) (, )
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:
t t -1
p = t -1 × 100%
(j) , :
t t - 1
j = t - 1 × 100%
t , (t 1) .
, (, 1.2; 2.5; 3.8);
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IF =
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