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FV - ;


FV = PV ´(1+ i ´ n)


 

(2.1)


PV , , ;

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FV = PV ´(1+(d / Ki) d ; K .


 

(2.2)


, () , .

: , $100. ֳ 10% . ?

+

$100 + 10% $100%

$100 $10

$110

$100. , 10%, $100 $110($100+$10).

, , , , . , , , .

- . , , , . ϳ (Future value FV) .

1 , , , :


FV=PV (1+R)N (2.3)

FV ;

PV ( );

R ;

N .

: , $100. , 10 , 10% ?

1 2

FV =*(1+R)1 FV =*(1+R)2

FV =$100*(1+0,10) FV =$100*(1+0,10)2FV =$100*1,10 FV =$100*1,10*1,10 FV =$110 FV =$121

10 , (1,10)10,

2,594. , $100 10 : FV = $100 (1+0,1)10= $100* 2,594 = $259,40.

10% $100, 10% . , , .

$100 *1,10=$110 (FV) 1 ;

$110 *1,10=$121 (FV) 2 ;

$121 *1,10=$133 (FV) 3 .

, . (1+R)N . , , , . 1 (FVIF) Future Value Interest Faktor .


FV=PV * FVIF (2.4)

FVIF , ( 1).

. , FV $100 , 10%. 1,33 : $100 * 1,33 = $133.

3 , 1,00 , : 1,33 - 1,00

= 0,33, 33%. , $100, $133, 33%.

$100, 33% 3 , (133%, 1,00 + 0,33 = 1,33) . , , $100, 3 33%, 10%, , , 10% 33%, 1,33 10%, 3 .

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(2.5)


: $ 100, 12% 2 .

FV = $100*(1+0,12/12)12*2= $100 * (1,01)24= $126,97

: $100 8% . , . 1- ?

': 2% (8%/4=2%) :

1- $100,00 1,02 = $102,00

2- $102,00 1,02 = $104,04

3- $104,04 1,02 = $106,12

4- $106,12 1,02= $108,24

$108,24.

, , . 4 , 4 (), 2%, FV=1,0824.

$108,24 ($100 1,0824). ', , . . .

 

2.2

(Present Value - V) . . , ().

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, $ 1000 3 ; , ' , 10 %. ,

FV = V (1+R)N,

PV = FV


(1 + R) N

PV ;

FV ;

R ;

N .


(2.6)


, :


PV = FV


´ (1 +


R / m) m ´ N


 

(2.7)


 

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1, . , , $ 1000 3 :

$ 1000 /(1+0,10)3= $ 751

? (1,10 1,10

1,10 = 1,33) :

$ 1000 /1,33 = $ 751

( 2) . , ., , , , . , , , .

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$1000 3 , - (PVIF) sent Value interest Factor . , 0,751. $1000 , 10%, ($1000*(0,751=:$751).

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PV = FV ´ 1 = FV ´ PVIF

(1+ i) n

(2.8)

PVIF () ,

( 2).


. , , ; . , , .

, ($):

 

г
   
   
 
   

 

. 10%, 4 $3642,43:

г ( .)
  $1000 0,9091 $909,10
  $1200 0,8264 $991,68
  $1500 0,7513 $1126,95
  $900 0,6830 $614,70

4 $3642,43

 

 

2.3

, , oa , . , .

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: $100, . ³ 10%.

. , .

, 4 10% : 1,000 + 1,100 + 1,210 + 1,33, 4,641. 4 $100 $100*4,641, $464,10.

:


 

FVA = A


(1 + R) N

R


-1

= A ´ FVIFA


 

(2.9)


 

: FVA - ; A - ;

FVIFA- , ( 3).

, . . , 4- . ³ 4,641.

, , , :

1. , . .


2. , . .

, . , $100 3 - 10%. , , $100 .

 

 

г (10%)
  1 $100 0,909 $90,90
  2 $100 0,826 $82,60
  3 $100 0,751 $75,10
    2,486 $248,60

 

, , . , . , , - . :


PV = A


(1 + R) N


-1= A ´ PVIF


A R (1 + R) N -1 A


(2.10)


 

: Va ; ,

R ;

N ;

PVIFA - ( 4).

: ( )


ϳ $100 3 . 10%.

': 1- = $100 /(1+0,10)1=$90,90

2- = $100 /(1+0,10)2=$82,60

= $90,90 + $82,60 +$75,10 = $248,60

, $100 $248,60 10%. . г $300 $248,60 , .

, , . - (PVIFA) Present Value Interest Factor Annuities, . , , 5 $1,000, , 5 $1,025. , . , , , 10%, 12%.

, . 10% 5 3,7908, 12% 3,6048. , :

V = $1,000x3,791 * $3,791

V - $1,025x3,605 = $3,695

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