Vocabulary
tight [tait] -
within [wi`ðin] - ,
circuitry [`sə:kitri] -
execution [eksi`kjusən]- ,
majority [mə`dzoriti]-
area [`εəriə] - ,
refer [ri`fə:]- ,
intermediate [intə(:)`mi:djət]- ,
appropriate [ə`prəupriit]- ,
utilize [`ju:tilaiz] -
input/output capability [keipə`biliti]- .
tight interconnection -
memory chip -
to specify [`spesifai]-
under control - ()
depend upon -
outside world [`aut`said]-
to range (from...to) - (... )
of whatever size [wot`evə]-
arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) - - ()
input/output - -
basic computer system -
central processing unit (CPU) - ()
to store instructions and data -
binary-coded pieces of information -
that get operated on -
depending upon the instruction specified -
the control unit has the function of controlling -
punchcard and paper-tape reader -
analog-to-digital converter - -
to operate on information in groups of bits -
computer word size -
eight-bit word size -
32-bit word size -32-
Oral practice
1. Learn the vocabulary notes to the text and give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words and word-combinations:
input unit, digit, character, keyboard, digital computer, analogue computer, output unit, code, decode, wire, trunk, drum, diode, chip, continuous paper tape, phosphorescent screen, hardware, software, magnetic core memory, buss, main trunk line, basic computer system, to store instruction and information, central processing unit, 16-bit memory address.
2. Read the text again and write out terminological words and word-combination related to:
a) input devices;
b) output devices;
c) microprocessors.
3. Finish the following sentences according to the content of the text:
1. The memory unit serves as.... 2. The control unit oversees.... 3. The data that get operated on can come from.... 4. The results of the operation can be placed.... 5. The input/output unit consists of.... 6. Larger computers generally operate with word size ranging from.... 7. All computers have.... 8. An automatic computer is a machine which is able....
4.Comprehencion questions:
1. What basic units do all the computers consist of? 2. Is there any interconnection of these units? 3. What is the microcomputer? 4. What do we call instructions? 5. What is data? 6. What oversees the operation of the memory unit? 7. What does the CPU consist of? 8. What is the function of the control unit? 9. What word sizes do the majority of the computers use? 10. What does the word byte mean?
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Make a plan of the text rendering.
6. Speak about:
a) the principal parts of the computer;
b) types of computers;
c) the type of the computer and the computer language you use in you work.
8.3 Grammar Review. Ѳ. (SEQUENCE OF TENSES)
The sequence of tenses is certain dependence of the tense of the verb in a subordinate clause on that of the verb in the principal clause:
if the verb in the principal clause is in one of the past tenses, a past tense (or future in the past) must be used in the subordinate clause.
1. If the past action expressed in the subordinate clause is simultaneous with that expressed in the principal clause, the Past Indefinite or the Past Continuous is used in the subordinate clause:
I thought you had more courage than this. (Dreiser)
, .
Into Russian it is translated as present action.
2. If the past action expressed in the subordinate clause is prior to that expressed in the principal clause, the Past Perfect is used in the subordinate clause:
He knew that she (Hetty) had not had time to read the letter.
(Eliot) , .
3. If the action expressed in the subordinate clause is posterior to that of the principal clause the Future in the Past is used.
He knew they would read the book the following year,
8.4 Grammar Practice.
1. Change from direct into indirect speech.
1. The pupils said, "We study English." 2. The girl said, "I learned French at school." 3. The man said, "I am an engineer." 4. My aunt said, "I'll be at home at seven o'clock." 5. Mary said, "I was there with my parents." 6. The boy said, "I have done my homework." 7. His father said, "I don't speak Spanish." 8. The doctor said, "I'll come again in the morning." 9. The woman said, "I did not see Helen there." 10. The children said, "We had lunch at school." 11. The woman said, "I have three children." 12. Ann said, "I didn't buy anything at that shop," 13. The boy said, "I am not hungry at all." 14. The teacher said, "Nick does not know the rule." 15. My friend said, "I didn't recognize him." 16. The boy said, "My name is Paul." 17. The girl said, "I am doing my homework." 18. He said, "I was there in 1945." 19. She said, "I saw him at 5 o'clock." 20. The teacher said, "London is the capital of England."
Translate into English.
1. , . 2. , . 3. ³ , . 4. ³ , . 5. ³ , . 6. ³ , . 7. , . 8. , . 9. , . 10. , . 11. , . 12. , . 13. , . 14. , . 15. , . 16. , . 17. , . 18. ³ , . 19. , . 20. , . 21. ³ , 1970 . 22. , . . 1814 .
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Translate into Ukrainian.
1. says that he lived in Leningrad. 2, He said that he lived in Leningrad. 3. He said that he had lived in Leningrad. 4. He said that he vas going to live in Leningrad. 5. He knew "that Peter was in Kiev. 6. He knows that Peter was in Kiev in 1980, 7. He knew why Peter had been to Kiev several times, 8. He said (that) he liked the city. 9. He showed me which exercises he had done. 10. All the students knew what they had to revise for the examinations. 11. Didn't you know who had done it? 12. We didn't know whose things they were.
Translate into English.
1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . 5. , , . 6. , ? 7. , . 8. , . 9, , 9 , . 10. , . 11. , -. 12. , . 13. , . 14. , , .
