unsafe, diseases, industry, rudely, attract, value, language, healthy
Tourism is an impotant... in many countries, because they make a lot of their money from tourists. These countries try to... foreigners and make their holidays enjoyable. Tourists do not want to go anywhere that is.... They also want to know that it is a... place so that they can be sure they will not catch any.... They want to have lots of interesting things to do while they are there but they want to get... for money. If they do not speak the... of the country they are visiting, they will usually need someone to speak English. But most of all, they want to meet friendly people who will not speak... to them.
Глагол to be (быть, являться, находиться)
Спряжение глагола to be в настоящем времени
| Утвердительная форма | Отрицательная форма | ||
| I amat home. You are at home. He is at home. She is at home. It is at home. We are at home. You are at home. They are at home. | I am not at home. You are not at home, He is not at home. She is notat home. It is not at home. We are not at home. You are not at home. They are not at home. | ||
| Вопросительная форма | Краткий ответ | ||
| AmI at home? Areyou at home? Is he at home? Isshe at home? Isit at home? Arewe at home? Are you at home? Arethey at home? |
|
Заполните пропуски в предложениях необходимой формой глагола to be в настоящем времени
1. I … a first-year student. 2. She … at work. 3. They … my friends. 4. My brother … a doctor. 5. His parents … not at home now. 6. Her family … not in Moscow. 7. … she in the library now? – Yes, she …. 8. … your mother a teacher? – Yes, she …. 9. … her friends students? – No, they … not. 10. His car … not new. 11. … your car new? – Yes, it ….
Грамматика
Спряжение глагола to be в прошедшем времени
| Утвердительная форма | Отрицательная форма | ||
| I wasat home. You were at home. He was at home. She was at home. It was at home. We were at home. You were at home. They were at home. | I was not at home. You were not at home, He was not at home. She was notat home. It was not at home. We were not at home. You were not at home. They were not at home. | ||
| Вопросительная форма | Краткий ответ | ||
| WasI at home? Wereyou at home? Was he at home? Wasshe at home? Wasit at home? Werewe at home? Were you at home? Werethey at home? |
|
Заполните пропуски в предложениях необходимой формой глагола to be в прошедшем времени
1. I … in Spain last summer. 2. The students … at the lecture. 3. The car … in the street an hour ago. 4. The telephone … not on the table. Where … it? 5. My friend … a football player. 6. … you in the laboratory yesterday? – Yes, I …. 7. … his father at work yesterday? – No, he … not. It … Sunday yesterday. 8. Her mother … a teacher. 9. Where … you five minutes ago? 10. I … very busy yesterday.
Unit 4
Ответьте на вопросы
1. What is the most difficult thing about learning English?
2. Name two words in English that you find difficult to spell.
3. Is English more difficult to learn than your mother tongue? If yes, say why.
Просмотрите текст и определите его основную идею
The text is about...
1. President Roosevelt.
2. a group of people who tried to simplify English spelling.
3. the way that advertisements simplify spelling.
4. a government printer.
5. how to pronounce English properly.
Прочтите и переведите следующий текст
Text 4
Learn Simple Spelling
Many people have tried to simplify the spelling of English words. Unlike other languages, English spells the same sounds in very different ways. For example, there is ‘light’ but ‘white’, ‘loan’ but ‘phone’ and there are at least1 seven different ways of pronouncing the letters ‘ough’! Each of the following words is pronounced differently: ‘though’, ‘through’, ‘bough’, ‘cough’, ‘enough’, ‘ought’ and ‘thorough’.
The great Irish writer, George Bernard Shaw, was very interested in making English spelling more logical. The American president Theodore Roosevelt almost succeeded in doing this.
In 1906 one of the richest men in America, Andrew Carnegie, started the Simplified Spelling Board. This Board was a group of people whose plan was to make the spelling of words nearer to the way they sounded. For example, the word ‘though’ would be spelt ‘tho’, ‘through’ would become ‘thru’ (which it did, but much later), ‘enough’ would become ‘enuf’ and so on. Other people on the Board were Melvin Dewey, the head of the New York libraries, and Professor Brander Matthews of Columbia University.
They took the idea to President Roosevelt who thought it was a very good one. He immediately told the government printer to use the simplified spelling on all government letters.
But people do not like change – even change that makes life easier – and many people disliked the new, simpler spelling. The British – who probably thought they owned the English language – were particularly angry.
More importantly, when American politicians discussed the plan, they did not like it. As Roosevelt did not want to have a problem with the politicians, he changed his plans and told the printer to go back to the old way of spelling.
Since then no one in any government has dared to try to simplify English spelling. However, people do simplify many words, mainly in advertisements. We often see ‘tonite’ instead of ‘tonight’, for example, and ‘thru’ instead of ‘through’.
Note
1 at least по крайней мере
Words
spell произносить или писать (слово) по буквам
try пытаться
succeed преуспевать, иметь успех; достигнуть цели
board правление; совет; коллегия
immediately немедленно
change перемена, изменение
own владеть
angry сердитый, злой
dare сметь, посметь
advertisement реклама
Ответьте на вопросы
1. How many ways can we pronounce the letters 'ough'?
2. Who was Andrew Carnegie?
3. Why did President Roosevelt change his mind?
4. Where do we find a lot of simplified words?
5. Do you think simplified spelling would make English easier for you? Give a reason.
