1. . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . 5. , . 6. , . 7. . 8. . 9. . 10. . 11. , . 12. , . 13. . 14. . 15. , .
The Infinitive Constructions
The Infinitive may have a subject of its own within the sentences. In this case it forms with it a construction called a complex.
The Complex Object
The Complex Object (the Objective-with-the-lnfinitive Construction) consists of a noun in the common case or pronoun in the objective case and the infinitive. It is mostly translated into Russian by an object clause.
Subject + Predicate + noun (pronoun) + infinitive
□ I want Mother (her) to help me.
, () .
□ They expect the steamer to leave tonight.
, .
Compare:
verb + infinitive verb + Participle I
I saw him enter the shop. I saw him entering the shop.
(I saw the whole action - he opened (This action was in progress when I saw him).
the door, went in and disappeared.)
Ex. 1. Replace the following complex sentences or groups of sentences by simple sentences with the infinitive construction.
Model: I looked out of the window. He crossed the street. I saw him cross the street.
1. I shall stay at home and do my lessons. Mother said so. 2. I never smoke indoors. My wife doesn't like it. 3. He's an honest boy. I know it. 4. We don't eat ice-cream before dinner because Mother has forbidden it. 5. You got off the train at Salt marsh city. The porter saw you. 6. He ordered that tea should be brought at once. 7. No one had expected that she would marry the man. 8. I could hear it perfectly well. They were discussing me. 9. Don't shout so! The whole house will know what has happened. Do you want it?
Ex.2. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . 5. , ? 6. , . 7. , . 8. , . 9. , . 10. , . 11. , ? 12. , ? 13. , . 14. , . 15. , ?
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The Complex Subject
(the Nominative-with-the-lnfinitive)
The Complex Subject consists of a noun/pronoun (in the nominative case) and the infinitive. It is considered to be the subject of the sentence, its Russian equivalent is in most cases a subordinate clause.
□ Laser is known to be used in medicine. , .
Ex. 3. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
1. The river is supposed to flow in this direction. 2. His childhood is said to have been very difficult. 3. You are expected to know these things. 4. He didn't seem to know you. 5. The situation seems to have become difficult. 6. He is said to have owned a very good, library. 7. He was told to have organized the whole business. 8. The man doesn't seem to recognize you. 9. She seems to have done it especially for you. 10. You're not supposed to mark other people's books. 11. The actress is said to be very beautiful. 12. She was said to have a wonderful collection of china. 13. This doesn't seem to be the right decision. 14. The man seems to be a stranger here. 15. She seems to be used to the thought that they'll have to move to another flat. 16. It seems to be an interesting comparison.
Ex. 4. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , , , . 5. . 6. , ? 7. . 8. . 9. , . 10. , . 11. , . 12. , .
THE PARTICIPLE
, . , . :
