5
: ,
: , .
:
1. , , , IP :
1
109.18.107.14 | ||
255.128.0.0 | ||
135.209.23.246 | ||
255.255.192.0 | ||
200.131.197.27 | ||
255.255.255.248 |
2
214.147.120.38 | ||
255.255.255.240 | ||
176.72.82.62 | ||
255.255.128.0 | ||
82.67.174.114 | ||
255.192.0.0 |
3
164.139.26.110 | ||
255.255.0.0 | ||
101.6.42.168 | ||
255.224.0.0 | ||
216.10.165.191 | ||
255.255.255.224 |
4
168.170.64.225 | ||
255.255.254.0 | ||
214.168.109.48 | ||
255.255.255.192 | ||
121.19.216.53 | ||
255.240.0.0 |
5
211.184.171.100 | ||
255.255.255.0 | ||
11.237.241.248 | ||
255.248.0.0 | ||
156.131.183.69 | ||
255.255.252.0 |
6
99.57.162.1 | ||
255.252.0.0 | ||
207.112.5.102 | ||
255.255.255.128 | ||
170.190.200.134 | ||
255.255.248.0 |
7
167.33.194.104 | ||
255.255.240.0 | ||
99.15.57.65 | ||
255.254.0.0 | ||
222.217.166.187 | ||
255.255.255.192 |
8
173.113.182.243 | ||
255.255.224.0 | ||
221.5.128.193 | ||
255.255.255.224 | ||
79.84.191.118 | ||
255.252.0.0 |
9
196.168.106.38 | ||
255.255.255.240 | ||
57.234.47.26 | ||
255.128.0.0 | ||
156.131.229.160 | ||
255.255.192.0 |
10
74.31.189.243 | ||
255.192.0.0 | ||
193.83.135.215 | ||
255.255.255.248 | ||
178.59.231.251 | ||
255.255.128.0 |
11
150.150.0.0 | ||
255.255.252.0 | ||
17.80.0.0 | ||
255.248.0.0 | ||
212.1.2.0 | ||
255.255.255.240 |
12
221.9.8.0 | ||
255.255.255.192 | ||
109.135.221.251 | ||
255.254.0.0 | ||
192.241.25.69 | ||
255.255.224.0 |
13
221.156.125.5 | ||
255.255.255.192 | ||
34.0.25.1 | ||
255.252.0.0 | ||
155.149.2.93 | ||
255.255.240.0 |
|
|
14
115.128.0.75 | ||
255.224.0.0 | ||
172.16.139.46 | ||
255.255.252.0 | ||
192.168.5.139 | ||
255.255.248.0 |
15
11.0.25.165 | ||
255.240.0.0 | ||
199.172.6.140 | ||
255.255.255.240 | ||
165.123.11.137 | ||
255.255.192.0 |
2. . n .
- .
-
- k
- k
IP- | n | k | |
150.150.0.0 | |||
212.1.2.0 | |||
192.241.25.69 | |||
17.80.0.0 | |||
221.9.8.0 | |||
109.135.221.251 | |||
34.0.25.1 | |||
115.128.0.75 | |||
192.168.140.100 | |||
109.18.107.14 | |||
176.72.82.62 | |||
216.10.165.191 | |||
121.19.216.53 | |||
156.131.183.69 | |||
207.112.5.102 | |||
99.15.57.65 | |||
173.113.182.243 | |||
196.168.106.38 | |||
74.31.189.243 | |||
155.192.68.4 | |||
11.0.25.165 | |||
192.168.5.139 | |||
172.16.139.46 | |||
10.172.16.211 | |||
150.193.0.0 | |||
34.0.25.1 | |||
165.123.11.137 | |||
155.149.2.93 | |||
156.181.148.126 | |||
171.131.185.203 |
IP-
IP- , . , , . , , . , , .
IP- , (, 192.168.1.1). . (, 11000000, 192 ).
, 00000000 11111111, 0 255 .
IP-, (192.168.1) , (16) .
1.
IP-, , , ,
.
|
|
IP-
. (, ), IP-. , (IANA) IP-:
- 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255
- 172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255
- 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255
IP- IANA, .
, , ( "").
32 . "1", IP- . "0", IP- .
, ( ) IP- ( 192.168.1.2).
1. IP-
1- : (192) | 2- : (168) | 3- : (1) | 4- : (2) | |
IP- () | ||||
() | ||||
, , 32 .
, ( "1"). , "8- " , 8 , 24 .
, IP-. 8-, 16-, 24- 29- .
2.
1- : | 2- : | 3- : | 4- : | ||
8- | 255.0.0.0 | ||||
16- | 255.255.0.0 | ||||
24- | 255.255.255.0 | ||||
29- | 255.255.255.248 |
, . , .
IP- IP- (192.168.1.0 24- , ). IP- (192.168.1.255 24- , ).
IP- , :
3.
8 | 255.0.0.0 | 24 | 224 2 | |
16 | 255.255.0.0 | 16 | 216 2 | |
24 | 255.255.255.0 | 8 | 28 2 | |
29 | 255.255.255.248 | 3 | 23 2 |
|
|
, 32 , , . "/" .
, 192.1.1.0 /25 192.1.1.0 255.255.255.128. .
4.
( ) | ( ) | ||
255.255.255.0 | /24 | 0000 0000 | |
255.255.255.128 | /25 | 1000 0000 | |
255.255.255.192 | /26 | 1100 0000 | |
255.255.255.224 | /27 | 1110 0000 | |
255.255.255.240 | /28 | 1111 0000 | |
255.255.255.248 | /29 | 1111 1000 | |
255.255.255.252 | /30 | 1111 1100 |
. ,
.
192.168.1.0. (192.168.1) , , 28 2 = 254 .
.
2. :
192.168.1.0 , "" . 25- (255.255.255.128 /25).
"" , , : 192.168.1.0 /25 192.168.1.128 /25.
. , A B.
3. :
25- 7 , 27 2 = 126 ( , ).
192.168.1.0 255.255.255.128 , 192.168.1.127 255.255.255.128 . , IP-, 192.168.1.1, 192.168.1.126.
192.168.1.129 192.168.1.254.
9.8. :
25- 24- . 24- "" , (00, 01, 10 11). 26 (11111111.11111111.11111111. 11 000000), 255.255.255.192.
6 , 26 2 = 62 ( , ).
5. 1
IP-/ | ||
IP- () | 192.168.1. | |
IP- () | 11000000.10101000.00000001. | 00000000 |
() | 11111111.11111111.11111111. | 11000000 |
192.168.1.0 | : 192.168.1.1 | |
192.168.1.63 | : 192.168.1.62 |
6. 2
|
|
IP-/ | ||
IP- | 192.168.1. | |
IP- () | 11000000.10101000.00000001. | 01000000 |
() | 11111111.11111111.11111111. | 11000000 |
192.168.1.64 | : 192.168.1.65 | |
192.168.1.127 | : 192.168.1.126 |
7. 3
IP-/ | ||
IP- | 192.168.1. | |
IP- () | 11000000.10101000.00000001. | 10000000 |
() | 11111111.11111111.11111111. | 11000000 |
192.168.1.128 | : 192.168.1.129 | |
192.168.1.191 | : 192.168.1.190 |
8. 4
IP-/ | ||
IP- | 192.168.1. | |
IP- () | 11000000.10101000.00000001. | 11000000 |
() | 11111111.11111111.11111111. | 11000000 |
192.168.1.192 | : 192.168.1.193 | |
192.168.1.255 | : 192.168.1.254 |
9.9. :
27- (000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 111).
IP- .
9.
24- .
10. 24-
"" | |||
255.255.255.128 (/25) | |||
255.255.255.192 (/26) | |||
255.255.255.224 (/27) | |||
255.255.255.240 (/28) | |||
255.255.255.248 (/29) | |||
255.255.255.252 (/30) | |||
255.255.255.254 (/31) |
IP-
59.124.163.151/27.
/27 -
11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000
255.255.255.224
( )11100000 3 , 23 = 8.
( ) 11100000 5 , 25 = 32.
IP 0~31 (32 ), 0 - , 31 - Broadcast. , - 30.
: 59.124.163.0
Broadcast : 59.124.163.31
IP 59.124.163.32 59.124.163.63
: 59.124.163.32
Broadcast : 59.124.163.63
IP 59.124.163.224 59.124.163.255
: 59.124.163.224
Broadcast : 59.124.163.255
IP- 59.124.163.151 .
: 59.124.163.128/27
IP 59.124.163.128 59.124.163.159
Broadcast : 59.124.163.159
, IP- IP-, / .