, . .
, . , , (II) :
N2() + 2() = 2NO()
, , , :
Zn() + 2 HCl() = ZnCl2() + 2()
, ( ) .
.
( ) . , :
V. = + dC V. = + dCs
dt dt
V. (/.);
V. (/2.) (/2.);
- (/);
s , .. , (/2) (/2).
t1 t2 :
V. .=+ 2 1 = ∆ V. .=+ 2 1 = ∆
t2 t1 ∆t t2 t1 ∆t
1 2 (t1) (t2) ;
s1 Cs2 (t1) (t2) .
.
( . ., 1879): , , .
: + 2 = 3 + D, 2,3 - , :
V = K [A] [B] 2 ,
[A] - , /
[B] - , /
:
32() + N2() = 2N3()
V = K [2]3 [N2]
::
3Fe() + 4H2O() = Fe3O4() + 4H2()
V = K[H2O]4
.
: 10º 2 4 ( - γ).
t1 , t2 : t2-t1
Vt2 = Vt1 γ10
:
|
|
K = k0 exp (a / RT)
a - , , R , k0 .
, .
.
, :
BaCl2 + K2SO4 = BaSO4 + 2 KCl
, : ( ) → ( )←. = ↔. : 2 + 2 ↔22.
. ( ), . , , , .
. -, , , , , , , .
.
, :
N2 + 3H2 ↔ 2NH3 + Q
, , .
5