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- , , , . .- , , , , , . .

: . :

... , . , , , , , . . ... . . (10)

, , , .

, , , , , , . . - , , , , , , . , , , .

, , , .

1970- , , , . . , .

. 34 . . 34 , . - 1956 , . .

: . , , , , , . . (11)

: [], , ... , : . : , ?(12)

Ҹ

, . . .

1913 . . , , , , , , . :

(!), . (13)

, , , .

, . , , .

. 1923 . 1936 , , .

, . , , , , . , .

, 1894 , - .-, , , . , , , , , , ... , . (14)

, 1920- , -- , -, 1917 . .

. 1883 1859 . , . , , , 1798 , , , , .

XIX , , , . 1920- , , , .

1920- , ( , ), :

, , ... " " , , . (15)

, , , . , (!) . (16) , , , .... , . , , , .

1922 , ( , ), :

... , ... . (17)

. 1933 , .

, . , XX . 1902 . , , . : , .

, 1904 , -, -, - - , , , . . . . . , , , , , , , , , , ( ) . (18)

, , . , . 1911 . (19)

. : -- . (20)

1920- , , . :

, , ... .(21)

, , , . , , , , 70 % , , . (22) . , , , , , .

, 1927 , , , . :

, , , , . . (23)

. 1922 - . :

, , . , . ?

, , . (24)

, . , . (25) . , 1909 , , , , - , . 9782 , , , . (26)

. , , . . .

...

1920- . 1920- . 1922 1926 ( 410 ) . 1926 250 . 26 2004 , , . 1920- . (27)

, , , . 1932 , , . , , . 1929, - , 317 . (28)

, . , , . , 1930- 150-250 . (29) , , . 1931 89 , , . . (30)

1933 . , , . , 1933 1933 () . (31)

. . , 400 - , - . (32) , . [] , . (33)

, 1924 :

, , , . , , . (34)

- , 1916 . , , . , , , (!). (35) , , .

1940 , . 1940 , , : .., . (36)

1932 , . :

: . (37)

, . û , . , , 1939 . (38)

. , . 1942 , , . 1936 , , , . .(39)

, 1943 . , , - , .

. :

... , ( , ), . () ". (). (40)

, , 1939 . , 15 , . . .

. , 1936 , , . , , 1924 . - . , , 1920- . 1913 . 1919 , . . . (41)

1924 . , , :

, , , , , , - . (42)

, . 1946 , , , - . , .

1949 - , 1948 , . , , 1932 . (43)

, , . , . , . , , . , 1947 , . , 1932 --. 1956 . (44)

- -

. - . , .

.- . 1928 , . - , . - . , . (45)

1931 - . , ( - ), - . 1946 . . - . . 1937 , - . (46) 1938 , - . 1934 , , , - , . (47)

1952 . - . 1,4 , -, . , . , .

, , , , , .-. 1960-.

, , , . , , . , . - . . . , . , . . , , , ( ). (48)

25 173 , , , , . ( , , ), IUD ( ) ( ) RU-486. . . (49)

1952 , , . 1952 , . . . .-. -. . , , , , .

, , , , , - . . , , . , . , . , . , , . , . , [ ] .

, , , [ ] , , , ... .

, :

, , , ". , , , . (50)

1950- , , - , , , , . 1950- . , , , -, , , . (51)

. 1960 , , - , , - ( ) , .... (52)

, , , , 1952 .

, , . 1956 :

... . , ? . (53)

: , , , . :

, . , , , . , , , ... (54)

. . , . 1952 , . - , , . . (55)

, , , , , ... ( ), . , , , , , . (56) 13 . , . , , . , . , , , . , , , , , , , . (57)

, , . . 1947 1956 . , , , ( 11 1977 - ). (58) , 100. - , .(59)

, . -. - , , .

, , ...

. , , 1910 , .-, . , , .

1937 , - . (60) , - . (61) , , , .

1946 , , , , , .

1968 : . , : .

, , , [ ] , , , ... . (62)

1959 :

, . . (63)

.

, . , , 1930- . , :

, ... , , . (64)

, . .

, , , , 1959 , , . , , , .

, , , . , , , , . , , 1950- , , , , ....[ , ] , ... , , ... " , ... ", (, ) , . (65)

1952-, , .- , , , . , . - 1947 . .

, , , , , , , . .

, , . , , .

1960 , . . , .

1958 . , , : , .

1958 .- , . , , , , , , , , .

, - -200 , , , , , .

. , 1936 , . - , . . - -, 1948 . - , .

. 1938 , , , . , . (66)

. - . 1954 . , .

. --, , 1920-. , , .

.- , 1960- 1970- . , , .

1. Quigley, Carroll. Tragedy and Hope: A History of the World in Our Time / / The Macmillan Co. New York, 1966. P. 842. . . . , - (.: The Rockfeller Archive Center, - http://archive.Rockefeller.edu/_bio/
laurance.php#lsr6). North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA) Puerto Rico to New York: the Profit Shuttle/ / NACLA Digital Archive, April 1976 IBEC .

2. NACLA. . 11-12.

3. 1950 1951 , , . - , . 1952 . . : Eugenics, a brief history / / http:/ /www.tribalmessenger.org/t-secret-gov/eugenics.htm.

4. Mass, Bonnie. Puerto Rico: A Case Study of Population Control / / Latin American Perspectives. Fall 1977. Vol. 4. No. 4. P. 66-81.

5. Warren, Charles W. et al. Contraceptive Sterilization in Puerto Rico / / Demography. Vol. 23. No. 3 (Aug., 1986). P. 351-352.

6. Lederer, Susan E. Porto Ricochet: Joking about Germs, Cancer, and Race Extermination in the 1930s. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. P. 732. Porto Ricochet // Time, 15 February 1932, - http://www.time.com/time/ magazine/article/0,9171,743163,00.html for the quote by Rhoads.

7. Time, . ; . : Starr, Douglas. Revisiting a 1930s Scandal: AACR to Rename a Prize // Science, April 2003. Vol. 300. No. 5619, 25. P. 573-574.

8. . . : Stycos, J. M. Female Sterilization in Puerto Rico / / Eugenics Quarterly, 1954. No. 1.

9. Rockefeller III, John D. People, Food and the Well-Being of Mankind / / Second McDougall Lecture / Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1961. P. 9, 16-18.

10. Taylor, Jameson. Robbing the Cradle: The Rockefellers' Support of Planned Parenthood // http://www.lifeissues.net/writers/tay/tay_04robthecrad.html.

11. Simon, Julian L. The Ultimate Resource II: People, Materials, and Environment (Chapter 24: "Do Humans Breed Like Flies?"). Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996. P. 343-344.

12. Gregg, Alan. A Medical Aspect of the Population Problem / / Science. 13 May 1955. Vol. 121. No. 3150. P. 681-682.

13. Carnegie, Andrew. Wealth // North American Review. June 1889. P. 653.

14. Harr, John Ensor and Johnson, Peter J. The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family. NY: Scribner's, 1988. P. 452-453.

15. Sanger, Margaret. The Eugenic Value of Birth Control Propaganda / / Birth Control Review. October 1921. P. 5.

16. . 1939 . : , (, ) , . , , , , , - - . . : Green, Tanya L. The Negro Project: Margaret Sanger's Genocide Project for Black Americans // http://www.blackgenocide.org/negro.html). , , . , , , . , , , , , . 1910 1921 ; , .

17. Sanger, Margaret. The Pivot of Civilization. New York: Brentano's Press, 1922. P. 189.

18. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Archives: Eugenics Record Office / / http:/ / library.cshl.edu/archives/archives/eugrec.htm.

29. Laughlin, Harry. Report of the Committee to Study and to Report on the Best Practical Means of Cutting Off the Defective Germ-Plasm in the American Population. New York: Cold Spring Harbor, 1914. P. 1. --.

20. Black, Edwin. War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race. New York: Thunders' Mouth Press, 2004. P. 57. . : Extends Work In Eugenics, Harriman Philanthropy to Have a Board of Scientific Directors / / The New York Times. 20 March 1913 1913 , . .

21. , Paul and Johnson, R. H. Applied Eugenics. New York: Macmillan Company, 1933. P. 135.

22. . P. 123-137.

23. Holmes, Oliver Wendell. Carrie Buck vs. J. H. Bell / / The Supreme Court of the United States. October Term. 1926. No. 292. P. 3.

24. , , : , , , , , . , , , . .... . , --, -. , , -, , , , . , , , . : Quinn, Peter. Race Cleansing in America / / American Heritage Magazine, February/March 2003. 1922 : Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., to Harold J. Laski, 14 June 1922 / / Holmes- Laski Letters Abridged / Ed. by Mark DeWolfe. Clinton, MA: Howe Atheneum 1963, Vol. l.P. 330.

25. Black, Edwin. War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race. P. 254-255.

26. . P. 122.

27. Weindling, Paul. The Rockefeller Foundation and German Biomedical Science, 1920-1940: from Educational Philanthropy to International Science Policy/ Ed. by N. Rupke / / Science, Politics and the Public Good. Essays in Honour of Margaret Gowing. Macmillan, Basingstoke, 1988. P. 119-140. Reprinted: Gemelli, G.; Picard, J.-F.; Schneider, W. H. Managing Medical Research in Europe: The Role of the Rockefeller Foundation (1920-1950s) // CLUEB. Bologna, 1999. P. 117-136. . : Kiihl, Stefan. The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994. P. 20-21.

28. Rockefeller Foundation Archives, Series 717 A: Germany, Box 10, Folder 64, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, Berlin-Brain Research, 1928-1939, - http:/ /www.rockarch.org/.

29. Dr. Julius Hallervorden , : Shevell, Michael. Racial - geine, Active Euthanasia and Julius Hallervorden / / Neurology, November 1992, Vol. 42. P. 2216-2217.

30. Riidin, Ernst. Hereditary Transmission of Mental Diseases / / Eugenical News, 1930, Vol. 15. P. 171-174. O'Brien, D. P. Memorandum from D. P. O'Brien to Alan Gregg // Rockefeller Foundation, RF 1.1 717 946 10, November 1933. . no: Black, Edwin. War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race. P. 296. . : Borck, Cornelius. The Rockefeller Foundation's Funding for Brain Research in Germany 1930-1950 / / Rockefeller Center Archive Newsletter Spring2001 // http://www.rockarch.org/. , , . , : ( ) 1933 ; , , . : 1920- 1930- , , , , , - [ ] ".

31. Eugenical Sterilization in Germany// Eugenical News. 1933. Vol. 18. P. 91-93.

32. Black, Edwin. War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race. P. 299.

33. Ruder, Thomas and Kubillus, Volker. Manner Hinter Hitler. Malters: Verlag fur Politik und Gessellshaft, 1994. P. 65-66.

34. Hitler, Adolf. Mein Kampf / Translated by Alvin Johnson. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1941. Vol. 2. Chapter 3. P. 658.

35. Grant, Madison. The Passing of the Great Race. New York: Charles Scrib-





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