1. The total output of the society depends on the total supply of resources, as well as on the methods in which they (to use).
2. The demanded quantity of goods (to depend) on a particular market, the number of consumers, their tastes and even the season of the year.
3. Both resources, that is, labour and capital, (to be) necessary provided an individual is going to start a new business elsewhere.
4. When prices (to be) above the equilibrium price, it (to result) in excess supply of goods.
5. (To calculate) expenditures on (to run) a business it is necessary to include expenses on (to maintain) buildings in good repair.
6. The increase in a country's economic growth can (to achieve) by (to use) more economical machines and technologies (to consume) less electricity.
7. The aim of producers (to use) this new technological improvement is (to receive) higher profits.
8. Within budget constraints the increase in consumption of one good (to reduce) the consumption of the other.
9. A number of African countries (to export) agricultural products to European countries and to the USA as well.
10. There are many examples of goods that (to consume) together, such as bread and cheese, cars and petrol, so they (to call) complementary goods in economics.
11. The decrease in production costs (to lead) to the increase in the total profit (to obtain).
12. West European countries as well as the USA often (to call) (to industrialize) countries.
13. Free market and command economies are two quite opposite systems. The last (to be) typical of some countries of the East European block.
14. Statistics (to show) that consumption per capita (to rise) in developed countries.
15. As to free market economies, all resources entirely (to allocate) through markets there.
16. Economists (to explain) most economic laws (to give) examples from people's every day life.
17. In a command economy the output level (to affect) by the decisions of the central office.
18. Market supply is calculated in terms of the alternative quantities of a commodity all producers in a particular market can offer.
19. A number of assumptions (to use) by economists (to study) the theory of supply and demand.
20. Provided a consumer's income (to increase), he (to prefer) to buy more normal goods rather than inferior goods.
21. Profitability is profit (to earn) by a firm in relation to the size of the firm.
22. The conditions of the lease (to consider)to give an advantage to the landowner rather than the tenant.
23. Slower economic growth (to result from) the smaller size of population.
24. Economic rent is money (to pay) for a factor of production which is over the minimum amount necessary (to keep) it in its present condition.
25. Under these conditions the landowner may (to have) some advantages over the tenant.
26. The officially (to record) level of (to spend) last year did not grow in line with the recorded incomes, which means that part of incomes was spent illegally.
|
|
|
27. The expansion of trade between nations provides aid for (to depress) industries.
28. (To analyze) expenses, a manager normally (to distinguish) between capital inputs and labour costs.
29. Government bonds are known (to trade) on the Stock Exchange.
30. Profit is argued to be a firm owner's reward for (to organize) productive activity, (to make) innovations, (to take) risks, etc.
31. Wholesalers (to suppose) to sell commodities to retailers but actually they sometimes sell directly to consumers.
32. Diverse institutions (to undertake) lending transactions compete for borrowers.
33. Some producers believe direct contacts with consumers without
wholesalers and other intermediaries (to make) their output cheaper and, therefore, more competitive.
34. The acceptance of financial aid often (to result) in the agreement to accept some political conditions.
35. The (to lift) of tariffs is believed (to promote) international trade.
36. Fertilizers and other chemicals are known to be sometimes (to waste) and to affect the environment.
37. The investment was not large enough (to ensure) economic growth.
38. The major purpose of transactions (to undertake) by financial institutions is to turn diverse assets into investments.
39. Diverse institutions handling (to lend) transactions are included in the financial sector.
40. Most commodities could (to receive) by means of barter in primitive societies.
41. It is important for potential investors to have full information of the companies (to compete) for capital.
42. The interest banks (to charge) for loans is sure to be higher than the one they pay to their depositors.
43. In order to ensure steady economic growth it (to be) necessary (to attract) larger investment in industry.
44. Thousands of retailers and wholesalers are known (to compete) with each other for consumers in the computer market throughout the world.
45. The forms of foreign financial aid (to know) to be loans, investments and some others.
46. Economists of different schools (to account for) the rapid growth of money supply in different ways.
47. Securities (to handle) by companies, financial institutions and governments as a result of (to borrow) money.
48. Nowadays trade barriers (to lift) both among the World Trade Organization members and outside the organization.
49. The (to anticipate) rate of unemployment this year is higher than the previous year.
50. A debt is something an individual or a firm (to owe) to another individual or firm.
Chapter 4.
BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE
