:
n1 = n = 950 / w1 = 950π/30 = 99,5 /
n2 = n1/u1 = 950/3,15 = 302 / w2= 302π/30 = 31,6 /
n3 = n2/u2 = 302/7,01 = 43 / w3= 43π/30 = 4,50 /
v = zpn3/6104 = 910043/6104 = 0,645 /
δ = (0,65 0,645)100/0,65 = 0,8 < 7%
:
P1 = Pηη = 37500,980,995 = 3656
P2 = P1ηη = 36560,960,995 =3493
P3 = P2ηη = 34930,940,99 = 3250
:
1 = P1/w1 = 3656/99,5 = 36,7 ͷ
2 = 3493/31,6 =110,7 ͷ
3 = 3250/4,50 = 722,2 ͷ
2.1
/ | / | ͷ | ||
99,5 | 3,656 | 36,7 | ||
31,6 | 3,493 | 110,7 | ||
4,50 | 3,250 | 722,2 |
3
, [1c.52], 45:
: 235÷262 [1c.53],
: 179÷207.
:
1 = (235+262)/2 = 248; 2 = (179+207)/2 = 193
:
[σ]H = KHL[σ]H0,
KHL
KHL = (NH0/N)1/6,
NH0 = 1107 [1c.55],
N = 573ωLh = 57331,616,0103 = 29107.
N > NH0, HL = 1.
[σ]H1 = 1,8HB+67 = 1,8248+67 = 513 .
[σ]H2 = 1,8HB+67 = 1,8193+67 = 414 .
[σ]H = 0,45([σ]H1 +[σ]H2) = 0,45(513+414) = 417 .
:
[σ]F = KFL[σ]F0,
KFL
N > NF0 = 4106, FL = 1.
[σ]F01 = 1,03HB1 = 1,03248 = 255 .
[σ]F02 = 1,03HB2 = 1,03193 = 199 .
[σ]F1 = 1255 = 255 ; [σ]F2 = 1199 = 199 .
3.1
D | - | σ | σ-1 | [σ] | [σ]F | |||
S | /2 | |||||||
125/80 | . | |||||||
- | - |
4
,
KHB = 1,1 ,
= 1,85
de2 = 165×[(110,7×103×1,1×3,15)/(1,854172 )]1/3= 175
12289766 de2 = 180
tgd1 = u1 = 3,15 d1 = 17,61,
d2 = 90o d1 = 90o 17o36 = 72,39o.
Re b
|
|
Re = de2/(2sinδ2) = 180/(2sin72,39) = 94 ,
b = bRRe
bR = 0,285
b = 0,28594 = 25
mte = 14T2KFβ /( Fde2b[σ]F
= 1 ,
Fβ = 1,08
mte = 14110,71031,08/(1,018025199) = 1,87 .
z2 = de2/mte = 180/1,87 = 96
z1 = z2/u1 = 96/3,15 = 31
u1 = z2/z1 = 96/31 = 3,10
∆ = (3,15 3,10)100/3,15 = 1,6% < 7%
4.6 [1c.68] n1 = 0,21; n2 = -0,21
de1 = mtez1 = 1,8731 = 57,97
dae1 = de1+ 1,64(1+xn1)mtecos δ1 =
= 57,97+1,64(1+0,21)1,87cos17,61 = 61,51
dae2 = de2 + 1,64(1 xn2)mtecos δ2 =
= 180 + 1,64(1 + 0,21)1,87cos72,39 =181,12
dfe1 = de1 1,64(1,2xn1)mtecos δ1 =
= 57,97 1,64(1,20,21)1,87cos17,61 = 55,08
dfe2 = de2 1,64(1,2 + xn2)mtecos δ2 =
= 180 1,64(1,2 0,21)1,87cos72,39 =179,08
d1 ≈ 0,857de1 = 0,85757,97 = 49,68
d2 ≈ 0,857de2 = 0,857180 = 154,26
:
Ft= 2T1/d1 = 236,7103/49,68 = 1478
,
Fr1 = Fa2 = Ftγr = 14780,208 = 307 H
γr
γr = (0,44cosδ1 0,7sinδ1) = 0,44cos17,61 0,7sin17,61 = 0,208
,
Fa1= Fr2 = Ftγa = 14780,80 =1182 H
γ
γ = (0,44sinδ1 + 0,7cosδ1) = 0,44sin17,61 + 0,7cos17,61 = 0,80
.
V = ω2d2/2×103 = 31,6154,26/2×103 = 2,4 /.
7 .
KH = KHαKHβKHv =1,001,031,1 =1,133
KHα = 1,00 [1c.69]
KHβ = 1,1 [1c.65]
KHv = 1,03 [1c62]
σ = 470{1478×1,133[(3,102+1)]1/2/(1,8525×180)}1/2 = 380
(417 380)100/417= 8,9 %
10%,
σF2 = YF2YβFtKFαKFβKFv/( Fbmte)
σF1 =σF2YF1/YF2
YF ,
zv= z/(coscos3β)
β = 35 -
zv1 = 31/(cos17,61cos335) = 59,2 → YF1 = 3,56
zv2 = 96/(cos72,39cos335) = 577 → YF2 = 3,63
Yβ = 1
KFα = 1,0 [1c.69]
KFβ = 1,0
Fv = 1,07 [1c62]
σF2 = 3,631,014781,01,01,07/(1,0251,87) = 123 < [σ]F2
σF1 = 1203,56/3,63 = 120 < [σ]F1
|
|
σH < [σH] σF < [σ]F, , .
5
, .
,
= 49,5 [1c.58],
ψba = 0,20 ,
β = 1,0 .
w = 49,5(7,01+1)[722,21031,0/(41727,0120,20)]1/3 = 298
2185-66 [2 c.52] w = 280 .
m > 2KmT2/(d2b2[σ]F),
Km = 6,8 ,
d4 ,
d4 = 2awu/(u+1) = 22807,01/(7,01 +1) = 490 ,
b4
b4 = ψbaaw = 0,20280 = 56 .
m > 26,8722,2103/49056199 = 1,80 ,
30%, 9563-60 m = 2,5 .
:
zc = 2aw/m = 2280/2,5 = 224
:
z3 = zc/(u+1) = 224/(7,01+1) =28
:
z4 = zc z3 = 224 28 = 196
:
u = z4/z3 = 196/28 = 7,0.
:
aw = (z3+z4)m/2 = (196+28)2,5/2 = 280 .
d3 = mz13 = 2,528 = 70 ,
d4 = 2,5196 = 490 ,
da3 = d3+2m = 70+22,5 = 75
da4 = 490+22,5 = 495
df3 = d3 2,5m = 70 2,52,5 = 64
df4 = 490 2,52,5 = 484
b4 = ybaaw = 0,20280 = 56
b3 = b4 + 5 = 56+5 = 61
v = ω2d3/2000 = 31,670/2000 = 1,11 /
8- .
-
Ft2 = 2T2/d3 = 2110,7103/70 = 3162 H
-
Fr2 = Ft2tga = 3162tg20º = 1150 H
,
= 436 [1c.61],
α = 1 ,
β = 1,0 ,
v = 1,04 [1c.62].
σH = 436[3162(7,00+1)1,01,01,04/(49056)]1/2 = 427 .
(427 417)100/417 = 2,4% 5%.
σF4 = YF4YβFtKFαKFβKFv/(mb2),
YF4 ,
Yβ = 1 ,
KFα = 1,0 ,
KFβ = 1
KFv = 1,13 [1c.64].
:
z3 = 28 → YF3 = 3,84,
z4 = 196 → YF4 = 3,62.
σF4 = 3,621,031621,01,01,13/2,556 = 92 < [σ]F4
σF3 = σF4YF3/YF4 = 923,84/3,62 = 98 < [σ]F3.
σH < [σH] σF < [σ]F, , .
6
Ft1 = Ft2 = 1478
,
Fr1 = Fa2 = 307 H
,
Fa1= Fr2 = 1182 H
F = 10011/2 = 10036,71/2 = 606
-
Ft2 = 3162 H
-
Fr2 =1150 H
. 6.1
7 .
45,
: σ = 780 ;
[τ] = 10÷20
;
d1 = (1636,7103/π10)1/3 = 26
d= 32 ,
|
|
d1 = (0,8¸1,2)d = (0,8¸1,2)32 = 25¸38
d1 = 28 ;
:
l1 = (1,0¸1,5)d1 = (1,0¸1,5)28 = 28¸42 ,
l1 = 40 .
:
d2 = d1+2t = 28+2×2,2 = 32,4 ,
t = 2,2 ;
d2 = 35 :
:
l2 0,6d2 =0,6×35 = 21 .
:
d4 = d2 = 35 .
:
d1 = (16110,7103/π20)1/3 = 30
d1 = 30 ;
:
d2 = d1+2t = 30+2×2,2 = 34,4 ,
t = 2,2 ;
d2 = 35 .
:
l2 1,25d2 =1,25×35 = 44 .
:
d4 = d2 = 35 .
:
d3 = d2 + 3,2r = 35+3,2×2,5 = 43,0 ,
d3 = 45 .
- 7207 .
d | D | B | 0 | Y | |||
7207 | 48,4 | 32,5 | 0,37 | 1,62 |
, (); l l , l l .
: ; . .
; - . 17,61º Re = 94 .
, .
:
- 10 ;
- 12 ;
- , , .
:
= /2 + (d+D)e/6 = 17/2+(35+72)∙0,37/6 = 15 .
:
: l = 106 ; l = 95 : b = 48 ;
: 1 = 43 : 2 = 58 ; l = 85 .
8
. 8.1 .
:
åmA = 143Ft1 95RBx +106F = 0,
R = (106606+1431478)/95 = 2901
åmB= 48Ft1 + 201F 95RAx = 0,
RAx = (201606 + 481478)/95 = 2029 H
Σ = 0; F + RBx Ft RAx = 606+2901 1478 2029 = 0
:
Mx1 =1478×48 = 70,9 H×.
Mx2 = 606×106 = 64,2 H×.
:
åmA = 143Fr 95RBy Fad1/2 = 0,
|
|
RBy = (143307 118249,68/2)/95 =153 H,
åmB = 48Fr + 95RAy Fad1/2 = 0,
RAy = (118249,68/2 48307)/95 =154 H
ΣY = 0;; RAy Fr + RBy = 154 307 +153 = 0
:
My1=15495 =14,6 ×,
My2=154143 +15348 = 29,4 ×,
:
R = (20292+1542)0,5 = 2035 H,
R = (29012+1532)0,5 = 2905 H,
8.2
:
Ft1= 1478 H; Fr2=1182 H; Fa2=307 H.
Ft3=3162 H; Fr3=1150 H.
. 8.2 .
:
åmC = 58Ft2 85Ft3 + 101RDx = 0,
RDx = (316285 581478)/101 =1812 H,
åmD = 43Ft2 + 186Ft3 101RCx = 0,
RCx = (431478 + 1863162)/101 = 6452 H
Σ = 0; Ft2 + Ft3 RCx + RDx = 1478+3162 6452 +1812 = 0
Mx1 = 181243 = 77,9 H×.
Mx2 = 3162×85 = 268,8 H×.
:
åmC= 58Fr2 + 85Fr3 101RDy Fr2d2/2 = 0,
RDy = (581182+851150 307154,26/2)/101 =1412 H,
åmD = 43Fr2 186Fr3 + 101RCy + Fr2d2/2 = 0,
RCy = (1861150 431182 307154,26/2)/101 =1380 H,
ΣY = 0; Fr2 Fr3 RDy + RCy =1182 1150 1412 +1380 = 0
My1 =1412∙43 = 60,7 ×,
My2 = 1150×85 = 97,8 ×,
My3 = 1150×143 138058 = 84,4 ×,
:
RC = (64522+13802)0,5 = 6598 H,
RD = (18122+14122)0,5 = 2297 H,
9
P = (XVFr + YFa)K
;
Y ;
V = 1 ;
K = 1,3 [c.133];
= 1 .
:
SA = 0,83eRA = 0,830,37×2035 = 625 H,
SB = 0,83eRB = 0,830,37×2905 = 892 H.
:
FaA = SA = 625 H,
FaB = SA + Fa = 625+1182 = 1807 H.
B.
Fa/Fr =1807/2905=0,63 > ; =0,40 Y=1,62
= (0,40×1,0×2905+1,621807)1,3×1,0 = 5316 .
:
= (573wL/106)1/3333=
= 5316(573×99,5×16000/106)1/3333 = 41,1 H < C = 48,4
< C , 7207 .
.
= 106(48,4×103 /5316)3,333/60×950 = 27627 , > [L]
, 16000 .
:
SC = 0,83eRC = 0,83×0,37×6598 = 2026 H,
SD = 0,83eRD = 0,83×0,37×2297 = 705 H.
:
FaC = SC= 2026 H,
FaD = SC + Fa = 2026 + 307 = 2333 H.
C.
Fa/Fr = 2026/6598= 0,31< e, =1,0; Y= 0
= (1,0×1,0×6598 +0)1,3×1,0 = 8577 .
D.
Fa/Fr = 2333/2297= 1,03> e, =0,4; Y= 1,62
= (0,4×1,0×2297 +1,622333)1,3×1,0 = 6108
:
= (573wL/106)1/3=
= 8577(573×31,6×16000/106)1/3,333 = 47,0 H < C = 48,4
.
= 106(48,4×103 /8577)3,333/60×302 = 17654 , > [L]
, 16000 .
< C Lh > L , 7207 .