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.
. . (A. M. Turing) (19121954), , , . ? . : , . , (Turing, 19501991).
1958 (Allen Newell) . (Herbert A. Simon) , , (Lachman, Lachman & Butterfield, 1979, p. 98). , , , . , , , (input), , , - (output) (Lachman, Lachman & Butterfield, 1979).
, 109 , , , 70%. , : ? , (Turing, 19501991).
, , . -, , , , , . -, , . , (Quillian) (1969) , Teachable Language Comprehender ( ) (TLC). , , . TLC . , , .
, , , (Waldrop, 1985). , , , , , .
, , , , - , , (Quillian, 1969, . 459).