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Appendix 5 Irregular Verbs.




I II III
1. be was/were been
2. bear bore born
3. become became become
4. begin began begun
5. blow blew blown
6. break broke broken
7. breed bred bred
8. bring brought brought
9. build built built
10. burn burnt burnt
11. burst burst burst
12. buy bought bought
13. catch caught caught
14. choose chose chosen
15. come came come
16. cost cost cost
17. cut cut cut
18. deal dealt dealt
19. do did done
20. draw drew drawn ,
21. drink drank drunk
22. drive drove driven
23. eat ate eaten
24. fall fell fallen
25. feed fed fed
26. feel felt felt
27. fight fought fought
28. find found found
29. fly flew flown
30. forget forgot forgotten
31. get got got
32. give gave given
33. go went gone
34. grow grew grown ,
35. have had had
36. hear heard heard
37. hide hid hidden
38. hold held held
39. hurt hurt hurt
40. keep kept kept
41. know knew known
42. lead led led
43. leave left left ,
44. lend lent lent
45. let let let
46. lie lay lain
47. lose lost lost
48. make made made
49. mean meant meant
50. meet met met
51. pay paid paid
52. put put put
53. read read read
54. ride rode ridden
55. ring rang rung
56. rise rose risen
57. run ran run
58. say said said
59. see saw seen
60. sell sold sold
61. send sent sent
62. sing sang sung
63. sit sat sat
64. sleep slept slept
65. speak spoke spoken
66. spend spent spent
67. stand stood stood
68. swim swam swum
69. take took taken
70. teach taught taught
71. tell told told
72. think thought thought
73. understand understood understood
74. wake woke woken
75. wear wore worn ()
76. win won won
77. write wrote written
           

Appendix 6

Word Formation

a-, an- opposite; without; not amoral, antonym
anti- opposed to; against antifreeze, antidote
audi-, audio- relating to sound; relating to hearing audiovisual, auditorium
auto- of or by yourself autobiography, automobile
bi- two; twice bilingual, biannual
bio- relating to living things biology, biochemistry
cent-, centi- 100; 100th part of something centimeter
circum- all the way around something circumstance
co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- with; together coexist, collect, compassion
contra- against contraceptive
counter- opposite; against counterproductive
cyber- relating to computers cyberspace
de- to do or make the opposite of; remove from; reduce decriminalize, devalue
dis- opposite disapprove, dishonesty
down- to a lower position; to or toward the bottom downturn, downstairs
eco- relating to the environment ecological
electri-, electro- relating to electricity electrify, electrocute
em-, en- to make something have a quality empower, enlarge
ex- no longer being or doing ex-wife, ex-football player
ex- out; from exit, export
extra- outside; beyond extracurricular
geo- relating to the earth geology, geography
hydr-, hydro- relating to or using water hydroelectric, hydrant
il-, im-, in-, ir- not illogical, impossible, irrational
in-, im- in; into incoming, immerse
inter-, intro-, intra- between; together; within international, introduce
mis- bad; badly misfortune, misbehave
mono- one monogram, monologue
multi- many multicolored, multicultural
non- not nonsmoking, nonstandard
over- too much; beyond; outer; additional overpopulate, overhang, overcoat, overtime
poly- many polygon
post- later than; after postgraduate, postpone
pre- before prewar, preview
pro- in favor of pro-American
pe- again rewrite, redo, rewind
semi- half; partly semicircle, semiprecious
sub- under; below; less important or powerful subway, substandard, subcommittee
super- larger; greater; more powerful supermarket, superhuman
sym-, syn- with; together sympathy, synthesis
tele- at or over a long distance telescope, television
theo- relating to God or gods theology
therm-, thermo- relating to heat thermostat, thermometer
trans- on or to the far side of something; between two things transatlantic, transportation
tri- three tricycle, triangle
ultra- beyond; extremely ultrasonic, ultramodern
un- not; opposite unhappy, unfair, undress
under- too little underdeveloped, underage
uni- one unilateral
vice- next in rank below the most important person Vice-President, vice-captain
-ability, -ibility used in order to make nouns from adjectives that end in able and ible accountability, flexibility
-able, -ible capable of; having a particular quality manageable, comfortable, reversible, responsible
-al, -ial relating to something; the act of doing something electrical, financial, refusal, denial
-an, -ian, -ean from or relating to a place; someone who has a particular job or knows about a particular subject; relating to or similar to a time, thing or person; someone who has a particular belief American, suburban, librarian, historian, subterranean, Victorian, Christian
-ant, -ent someone or something that does something servant, disinfectant, resident, repellent
-ar, -ary relating to something muscular, customary
-ation, -tion, -ion the act of doing something; the state or result of doing something examination, combination, completion, election
-cy used in order to make nouns accuracy
-en made of something; to make something have a particular quality wooden, golden, darken, strengthen
-ence, -ance, -ency, -ancy a state of quality; the act of doing something intelligence, obedience, performance, tendency
-er, -or, -ar, -r someone or something that does something teacher, actor, beggar, writer, photocopier, accelerator
-ery, -ry an act; a quality; a place where something is done or made bribery, bravery, snobbery, distillery, bakery
-ful full of beautiful, harmful
-goer someone who goes somewhere regularly moviegoer, churchgoer
-graph, -graphy something that is written or drawn autograph, biography
-hood the state or time of being something childhood, manhood
-ial, -al relating to something managerial, coastal
-ic, -ical of; like; relating to a particular thing photographic, historical
-ify to affect in a particular way purify, terrify, clarify
-ish people or language; having a quality Spanish, childish, selfish
-ism a belief or set of ideas; the act of doing something Buddhism, capitalism, criticism
-ist relating to a political or religious belief Socialist, Methodist
-ity having a particular quality stupidity, regularity
-ive having a particular quality creative, descriptive
-ize to make something have a quality; to change something to a different state modernize, crystallize
-less without something childless, careless, endless
-logue, -log relating to words monologue, catalog
-ly in a particular way; at regular times slowly, quickly, hourly
-ment the act or result of doing something government, development
-ness used in order to make nouns happiness, softness
-ology the study or science of something geology, technology
-ory a place or thing used for doing something; having a particular quality laboratory, satisfactory, obligatory
-ous, -ious used in order to make adjectives from nouns dangerous, furious
-proof not allowing something to come in, come through or destroy something soundproof, waterproof, fireproof
-ship having a particular position; an art or skill membership, friendship, scholarship
-wear clothes of a particular type menswear, swimwear
-y full of or covered with something; tending to do something hairy, fuzzy, sleepy, curly
export - to export -
import - to import -
produce - to produce -
increase - to increase -
a place - to place - ,
a rise - to rise - ,
a dress - to dress - ()
()
use [s] - to use [z] -
house [s] - to house [z] -
a song - to sing -
food - to feed
ear + ring = earring
some + body = somebody -
any + where = anywhere
well + paid = well-paid
white + wash = whitewash
       

Bibliography

1. Countries of the world. The USA, Kathleen W. Deady. Bridgestone Books. Makato, Minnesota. 2001. 24 p.

2. Cultures of the world. Great Britain. Barbara Fuller. Benchmark Books. Marshall Cavendish. New York. 2005. 144 p.

3. England. Enchantment of the world. Jean F. Blashfield. Scholastic. Danbury, Connecticut. 2007. 144 p.

4. English Vocabulary in Use: pre-intermediate and intermediate. Stuart Redman. Cambridge University press. 2000. 270 p.

5. Foreign language framework for California Public Schools. Sacramento, 2003. 63 p.

6. Longman dictionary of American English. Longman. 2004. 1065 p.

7. Macmillan English Dictionary for advanced learners. Macmillan Publishers Limited. 2002. 1692 p.

8. Phonics Pathways. Dolores G. Hiskies. Doorbooks. 2000. 239 p.

9. . ..01 () / .. : , 2005. 26 .

 





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