.
2:
1) : γ=ρ * g= 20,4 /3 .
ρ= γ /g=20,4/9.81=2.08 /3.
2) : γs=ρs * g=26,9 /3.
:
ρs= γs /g=26,9/9.81=2.74 /3.
3) : γd=ρd * g, 
. W=22,8% :
ρd= 2.08/(1+0.228)=1,69 /3; γd=1.69*9.81=16,5789 /3.
4) :
e=V/Vs=(ρs- ρd)/ ρd=(2.74-1.69)/1.69=0. 62
; 
.
5)
= V/Vr=(ρs- ρd)/ ρs=(2.74 -1.69)/ 2.74=0.38
6) :
Ip=WL-Wp=0.385-0.205=0.18
, 
;
;
7) ():
Ip=(W-Wp)/(WL-Wp)=(0.228-0.205)/0.18=0.128;
3:
1) :: γ=ρ * g= 18,5 /3 .
ρ= γ /g=18,5/9.81=1.89/3.
2) : γs=ρs * g=28 /3.
:
ρs= γs /g=28/9.81=2.85 /3.
3) : γd=ρd * g, . W=32,1 :
ρd= 1.89/(1+0.321)=1.43 /3; γd=1.43*9.81=14,028 /3.
4) :
e=V/Vs=(ρs- ρd)/ ρd=(2.85 -1.43)/ 1.43=0.99,
; .
5)
= V/Vr=(ρs- ρd)/ ρs=(2.85 -1.43)/ 2.85 =0.498.
6) :
Ip=WL-Wp=0.243-0.18=0.063
, ;
;
7) ():
Ip=(W-Wp)/(WL-Wp)=(0.243-0.18)/0.063=2,24
4: .
1) : , 0,1 10-2 .
2) :: γ=ρ * g= 20,8 /3 .
ρ= γ /g=20,8/9.81=2.12 /3.
3) : γs=ρs * g=26,5 /3.
:
ρs= γs /g=26,5/9.81=2.7 /3.
4) : γd=ρd * g, . W=18,9% :
ρd= 2.12/(1+0.189)=1.78 /3; γd=1.78*9.81=17.46 /3.
5) :
e=V/Vs=(ρs- ρd)/ ρd=(2.12-1.78)/ 1.78=0.52,
; .
5: .
1) : , 0,1 10 .
2) :: γ=ρ * g= 20,2 /3 .
ρ= γ /g=20,2/9.81=2.06 /3.
3) : γs=ρs * g=26,6 /3.
|
|
|
:
ρs= γs /g=26,6/9.81=2.71 /3.
4) : γd=ρd * g, . W=22,5% :
ρd= 2.06/(1+0.225)=1.68 /3; γd=1.68*9.81=17.48 /3.
5) :
e=V/Vs=(ρs- ρd)/ ρd=(2.06-1.68)/ 1.68=0.61,
; .
= 1
=1.5
. . = 3
. = 0.7
- - 7
= 4,8*6,6=31,68 
1- ; =31,68 2
N1= (1+1.5+3+0.7)*31,68*7+(0,4*0,4*25*7*3,3)+7*6,6*25*0,5*0,2= 1581,612 /
= 1*3,3=3,3
2- 1; =3,3 2
N2=(1+1.5+3+0.7)*3,3+7+0.55*(3,3*8+3)*18=434,28 /
, 1.2 , -3.
:
:
1) 
,
R- ;
g1 g2 - , , . 3;
k - , : k 1 = 1, (j ) , k 1 = 1,1, . 1-3 1;
g, q, Mc - , . 4;
kz - , :
b < 10 - kz = 1, b ³ 10 - kz = z0 / b + 0,2 ( z0 = 8 );
b - , ;
gII - , ( ), /3 (/3);
g/II - , ;
II - , , (/2);
d 1 - ;
2) 
,
P- ;
N- ;
b- ;
g- ;
d- ;
1:
:
=1,2; =1,0k=1,1;
=0,43; 
=2,73; 
=5,31;kz =1; b =2.
-
- .
- .
- , :
Ϭ= 
:
H=b=2.1 .
=4,41
Ϭ= 
2:
N=434.28
:
=1,2; =1,0k=1,1;
=0,43; =2,73; =5,31;kz =1; b =1,2.
-
- .
- .
