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The History of the Automobile

The word automobile is a classical compound derived from the Ancient Greek word autós (meaning self), and the Latin word mobilis (meaning movable).

So, who invented the automobile? This question does not have a straightforward answer. The automobile was not invented in a single day by a single inventor. The history of the automobile is very rich and dates back to the 15th century when Leonardo da Vinci was creating designs and models for transport vehicles

But it is the year 1886 which is regarded as the birth year of the modern car. In that year, German inventor Karl Benz built the Benz Patent-Motorwagen.

 

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Early Steam Powered Cars

In 1769, the very first self-propelled road vehicle was a military tractor invented by French engineer and mechanic, Nicolas Joseph Cugnot (1725-1804). It was used by the French Army to haul artillery at a whopping speed of 2 1/2 mph on only three wheels. The vehicle had to stop every ten to fifteen minutes to build up steam power. The following year (1770), Cugnot built a steam-powered tricycle that carried four passengers. Steam engines powered cars by burning fuel that heated water in a boiler, creating steam that expanded and pushed pistons that turned the crankshaft, which then turned the wheels.

Steam engines were not the only engines used in early automobiles. Vehicles with electrical engines were also invented. Electric cars used rechargeable batteries that powered a small electric motor. The vehicles were heavy, slow, expensive, and needed to stop for recharging frequently.

Both steam and electric road vehicles were abandoned in favor of gas-powered vehicles. Electricity found greater success in tramways and streetcars, where a constant supply of electricity was possible.

 

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