- , ( ), , .
() G Y
(T = 0).
o (, ) G ( ):
Y = AE= Ca + MPC × Y+ I + G
G Y, , . G 13.2
. 13.2
G
G
0 Y
o G A, G I ( 13.3):
. 13.3
AE Y = AE
AE2 = MPC×Y + A1 + DG
A1 = Ca + I + G
AE1 = MPC×Y + A1
e2
e1
DG
DY
A
0 Y1 Y2 Y
=
DY = DG
K = = (1)
o K :
G ↑ Þ Y ↑
G ↓ Þ Y ↓
() T Y. 13.4.
(, ) T, (), , .. Y (Ta = T):
Y = AE= Ca +MPC × (Y T) + I + G
Y = AE= MPC × Y + A
A = Ca - MPC×T + I + G
o DT , , , .. AE MPC×DT:
o () DY:
DY = ( MPC×DT)
. 13.4
AE Y = AE
A1 = Ca - MPC× T + I +G AE1 = MPC×Y + A1
AE2 = MPC(Y DT) + A1
e1
e2
- MPC×DT
A DY
0 Y2 Y1 Y
DY = DT
(2)
o - . ,
, :
T ↑ ÞY ↓
T ↓ ÞY ↑
(, , ).
(1) (2) , MPC , , 1 .
( )
:
().
().
:
() (D G = DT)?
:
Y = Ca + MPC(Y T) + I + G
|
|
Ca = const., I = const., MPC = const.,
DY = MPC(DY - DT) + DG.
D G = DT, DT DG:
DY = MPC(DY - DG) + DG,
DY - MPC×DY = DG× MPC + DG,
DY(1 - MPC) = DG(1 - MPC) Þ
= = 1 (3) Þ
∆ Y = ∆ G
, 1.
(.. !)
:
() ( ∆ T = ∆ G) (Y) : ∆ Y = ∆ G.
, .
() , t (Ta ):
Y = Ca +MPC × (Y tY Ta) + I + G
Y = MPC (1 - t) Y - MPC×Ta + Ca + I + G
Ta, Ca, I, = const.,
DY - MPC(1 - t)DY = DG
DY[1 MPC(1 t)] = DG
= = K
Ca, I, G = const.,
DY - MPC(1 - t)DY = - MPC×DTa
DY[1 MPC(1 t)] = - MPC×DTa
= - = ..
.., :
K:
K = (1a)
:
= - (2a)
, AE Y, Y(1 - t).
K .
, K - :
> -
.
1.
X , X:
G + X Þ Y ↑↑
T X Þ Y ↑
|∆G| = | - ∆T|, |∆Y1| > |∆Y2|
↑G, - ↑T, , .
- :
( ) .
( ) .
( , - : (Y), .. , , .)