, : , , , (Hamilton & others, 1993; Kendler & others, 1993). , , . , , , (Pyszczynski & others, 1991; Wood & others, 1990a, 1990b). , , , (Butler & others, 1994).
? , . (Colin Sacks & Daphne Bugental, 1987) , , . , ,
5. ■ 20?
, , - , , , , . , , , , . -
__ , , , :
? ?
,
(Lauren Alloy, Temple Universify;
Lyn Abramson, Universify of Wisconsin)
. , , . , .
, , , , , (Alloy & Clements, 1992; Brown & Siegel, 1988; Nolen-Hoeksema & others, 1986). , , (Martin Seligman, 1991, . 78). , , , , (Seligman, 1992). , (Metalsky & others, 1993; Needles & Abramson, 1990). , , ? , , , .
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(Peter Lewinsohn, 1985) . , -, , , (. 5-2). , , , , (Pyszczynski & others, 1991; Wood & others, 1990a, 1990b). , , , , , . , , , .
(Martin Seligman, 1991) , , . , , ( ) ,
210 ■ I.
■ . 5-2. .
, , (Cross National Collaborative Group, 1992). , , . , , , . , - Fortune, , , , , , , ? , , , . , , , (Draguns, 1990).
,. , , . , , , ? ? ? ?