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, , - . , , , . , . , , . , , , - . , , . , - , , .

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( ).

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.

, , , . , - - . - (HMI, human machine interface). , , 2 - :

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(OS, operator station) . , , (, Industrial Ethernet). , , ( 4000 - 10000 ).

 

.5. SIMATIC PCS7 Siemens


. Windows (Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000/XP, Windows 2003 Server). :

( , ) - Process Visualization;

- Alarm Visualization;

( ) - Historical Archiving;

() - Operator Control;

- Access Control and Operators Actions Archiving;

( , , ..) - Automated Reporting.

- . - , , . , , , , . , , . , .

SCADA - . SCADA (. . Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) - . SCADA- - . SCADA- () . , , , .

10-15 . , , , . , , - . , , , , , , 60- 20% (80%, , ), 90- 80%, , , (.6).

 

.6. .

 

, : () , , , - , , , , - SCADA - .

: human-centered design ( top-down, -), .. - () , hardware-centered ( bottom-up, -), ( ). (NASA), , , , () .

2.1 SCADA-:

 

SCADA - () , . () () (). SCADA-.

SCADA . SCADA- 3 (.7).


.7. SCADA-.

 

Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) , () . , , , . . .

Master Terminal Unit (MTU), Master Station (MS) ( ); , , ; - (HMI, MMI). MTU : , () . , MTU .

Communication System (CS) ( ), (, ) - RTU ( ).

- :

;

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() ;

- , , , () ;

( ).

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( );

;

;

.

SCADA :

() ;

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SCADA : , . , , , , , , , .

; . , ( , .) SCADA- . , , ; , , , 200000 400000 . , ( ), (, .). 90- () ATMS (Advanced Traffic Management System).






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