. . , , Lisp, , .
(char, unsigned char, character). , ? . , - . , , , 255 , . , CP866, Windows-1251, koi8-r, . DBCS, , MBCS, . . . . UNICODE. Unicode . , .. , . , Unicode . , . . - , , , . , , . Unicode , , , ().
(int, integer, long, short, unsigned int, unsigned long, unsigned short). , , . . , PDP (16 ), int , short , long . PDP. , , 8 32 . . , , short , int, int long. IBM PC, 16 int short ( ), long ( ). 32 short (), int long ( ). Unsigned, , . Fortran, Pascal , , , , , . 16 , , 32 - . , .
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, (real, float, double, double precision). , . , , . . , , . . real float , 32 ( ). double double precision , 64 ( ). . IBM PC, Mac, Intel , .
, BCD. : , BCD. . . , .
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, 4 , . 0 15 (0F). 0 9, . 10 (0A) 15 (0F) . () - (AF). , 9. 15+28=43. , BCD : 15+28=3D. , , 10-D=3. , 9. 1. - 43. . Intel 8086 BCD. AF.