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, (: , , , , (., : S, S a port <>,S. Koch (ed.) Psychology, a study of science, v. 6. Language, v. 41, 1965, No. 1, p. 97). , ). , () . , . . , , , (: Ch. Osgood. Psycholinguistics. Psychology: a study of science, v. 6, New York, 1963, p. 264). , . . 1950 . : ... , - (: Q. A. Miller and J. A. Selfridge. Verbal context and the recall of meaningful material. Psycholinguistics. Ed. by S. Saporta. New York, 1961, p. 199).

, , . , , . - ( ) . ... , , . . , . , , , , ... ... , . ( . , , . , , , ). , , (: Psycholinguistics. A survey of theory and research problems.Ed. by Ch. E. Osgood and Th. A. Sebeok, 2nd ed. Bloomington, 196S. pp. 9495).

, . , ( ; , , grammatical sequencing mechanisms) (: ., : D. Howes Foundations of a physiological theory of human language. Paper to be presented at the Verbal Behavior Conference. New York, September, 1965).

, , , . . . . . , , . . () , (: , , , , . , Aspects of the theory of syntax, New York,1965, ). ( , . . : . 1 and Ch. E. Osgood. Hesitation phenomena in spontaneous English speech. Word, v. 15, 1959) : ) , ) ( ), ) ) . .

, . , . . , , , (clause) (: .: D. S. Boomer. Hesitation and grammatical encoding. Language and speech, v. 8, 1965, No. 4). , . , . . . , - . , , , , (: .: J. A. Fodor and . . ever. The psychological reality of linguistic segments, JVLVB, v. 4, 1965, No. 5). . . : , ( , , . ) . , (: .: . . . . . . ( ). ., 1965, . 16. . : . . . . , 1965, 2). . . , 1962 . (: .: G. Miller. Some psychological studies of grammar. American Psychologist, v. 17, 1962, No. 11). . . , , . . , , , , , , , . , .

, ̸ , . , , . , , (: M. Glanzer. Psycholinguistics and verbal learning. Draft f a paper to be presented at the Verbal Behavior Conference. New York September, 1965, p. 4). . , . , , , , (: .: J. Mehler. Some effects of grammatical transformation on the recall of English sentences. JVLVB, v. 2, 1963), . , . . , , , , : , , (: .: Ch. Clifton, 1. Kurcz and J Jenkins. Grammatical relations as determinants of sentence similarity, JVLVB, v. 4, 1965, No. 2). . , , , , -, , (: .: P. B. Gugh. Grammatical transformations and speed of understanding, JVLVB. v. 4, 1965, No. 2). . . , , (: .: . Wason. Response to affirmative and negative binary statements. British Journal of Psychology, v. 52, 1961; R. Eifermann. Negation: a linguistic variable. Acta psychologica. v. 18, 1961).

( ) . , . , XVIII . , , , , (reversibility). ( ), ( ) . , . , , (: D. I. S1bin. Grammatical Transformations and Sentence Comprehension in Childhood and Adulthood. JVLVB, v. 5, 1966, No. 3, pp. 225226). , , , ( ) . . . . , , (: .: . . Savin and E. Perchonock. Grammatical structure and the immediate recall of English sentences, JVLVB, v. 4, 1965, No. 5).

, , . . , , . , : , (: .: J. Nist. A critique of generative grammar. Linguistics. v. 19, 1965). . . , ; , , , (: .: L. M. Meyers. Two approaches to languages, PMLA, v. 77, 1962, No. 4, p. 2; R. Titne. La psicolinguistica oggi. Zurich, 1964, . 140141). , - .

. , , . 1963 ., , (: , , , , . , -, , , 2000 , -... , , , , - (. . . . ., 1965, . 158159)).

, (, , , ), . , , . . ,, , (: ( ) ::Ch. E. Osgood. On understanding and creating sentences. American Psychologist, v. 18, 1963, No. 12, p. 743):

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The man hits the colorful ball

, , , . , , , 1956 . . (: .: Ch. Osgood, S. Saporta, J. . Nuonally. Evaluative assertion analysis. Litera, v. 3, 1956) , ( : ) (kernel assertions), :

The clever young thief was severely sentenced by the father grim faced judge.

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(The thief) (was) (clever)

(The thief) (was) (young)

(The judge) (was) (rather grim-faced)

(The judge) (sentenced severely)

(the thief)

, ( ) ( ), . (: On understanding and creating sentences, p. 749). , ( ) , : → ; → ; , , , . , , ; , , ( ) - . .

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. . , , , , . , , (: .: N. F. Johnson. Linguistic models and functional units of language behavior. Directions in psycholinguistics. Ed. by Sh. Rosenberg. New York, 1965). , , . , , , . . , , , , , . , , , , . , ( ; ). (: N. Johnson. The influence of associations between elements of structural verbal responses, JVLVB, v. 5, 1966, No. 3). , , , , . . , . (: .: N. Johnson. On the relationship between sentence structure and the latency in generating the sentence). , .

(: .: N. Johnson. The psychological reality of phrase structure rules. JVLVB, v. 4, 1965, No. 6, p. 474) . . . , , , , , , (: .: . Martin and . . Roberts. Grammatical Factors in Sentence Retention, JVLVB, v. 5, 1966, No. 3). , ., , , ( ) , ( ), , . (: . J. Frster. Left-to-Right Processes in the Constructions of Sentences, JVLVB, v. 5, 1966, No. 3).

, ( ), . , . , , , , ;,, , (: P. H. Tannenbaum, R. R. Evans, F. Williams. An experiment in the generation of simple sentence structures. The Journal of communication, v. XIV, 1964, No. 2, p. 116).

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. . Cloze procedure ( ) , . . 81,5% , ; 26,7%. , 68,3% 45,8%. , , , , , , (: .: . H. Clark. Some structural properties of simple active and passive sentences, JVLVB, v. 4, 1965, No. 5). .

, , () , , -. (: .: . . Clark. The prediction of recall patterns in simple active sentences, JVLVB, v. 5, 1966, No. 2).

. , , (: .: . Anderson. The short-term retention of active and passive sentences ( )). . , , , : , , , (: .: . . Wason. The contexts of plausible denial, JVLVB. v. 4, 1965, No. 1). , , , , , . . , , , , , , .

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