1 N 5 N7
2 4 8
N 3..N 9
-, ..8-- . N N=9
4n+2=10
n=2
..-, . . H+ OH
H
N+
N: N
N +HCl Cl-
.- N N
H
N N N
H +Na N
.-
N N-Na
()
..
N N
II-.
N N
N N N N
H I II
6--
H
OH N: =O N
:N H-N
N N N N
H -.
2,6-
H H
OH N =O N
N H-N
HOO=
N N N N
H
-.
2,6,8- .
. - .. pOCl3/
H H
OH N =O N
N H-N
OHOH O= =O
N N N N
H H
.- .-. - , - 0,5-1 .
.-, - . .-.
O O
N N-H H-N N-H +NaOH
-H2O
HO =O O= OH
N N N N
H H H
O
H-N N-H N
+NaOH
O= ONa -H2O ONa
N N N
H
-
NH2
N N:
N N
H (6-)
-
OH O
:N N: H-N N-H
H2N H2N
N N N N
H
(2--6-)
SH
N N
N N
H
=O N
H3C
O=
N N
OH3
1.3-
.
CH3
=O N
H-N
O=
N N
CH3
3,7-
- ..
CH3
=O N
H3-N
O=
N N
CH3
(1,3,7-)
. . .
. .
O O H
- HNO3 H-N =O H-N OH
-
O= =O O= =O
N N
H H
-.
O OH H O O H O
H-N O N-H H-N = N N-H
+NH3
O= =O O= =O -2H2O O= =O O= =O
N N N N
H -.(-)
O O O O
H-N = N N-H H-N = N N-H
+NH3
O= =O HO= =O O= =O NH4O= =O
N N N N
H H
- (.)
N 4
6 N 3
7 2
N 8 N 1
-. - , . . 5,6,7,8- -.
-.
-. .-.
OH N O
|
|
N CH2-NH- - C-NH-CH-CH2CH2COOH
H2N COOH
N N
- 4-.-.
.-.
.
. .2(),. ,,,..
N O N O
N-H N-H (.)
=O . =O
N N N N
H H
.
.2(),.
,,,..
N =O
H3C N-H
H3C =O
N N
CH2CHCHCHCH2OH
OHOHOH
- ..,.... - .. . . .. : 1) ; 2) ; 3); .,
- , - .-.
. .--, ,.,.
- .- , . H2O, - .-: , , .
- H2O, - .-.
.
..- ., - ..
** , - :
- J2- KJ ()
- PbJ2 KJ ( )
- BiJ3 KJ ( )
- -.
- .
**
- ( H2SO4+H-C=O)
H
- ( HNO3(k) + H2SO4(k))
.
1. .
2. .