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Before we start. Phonetics




 

. . .

:

 

) [i:] [i] , [] , [] , [:] , a

[] ,
[:]

[] ,

[]
[:]

[] , ,

[] , : , [:]

 

Phonetics

)

[ei] [ou]

[ai] [au] ay

[oi] [is]

[] []

 

)
[]
[]-

[]

[w] , , , ,

-

[V]-

[0]( )1

,

[3] ( )

- [z]-3

[t] , , [d] , , [] -

[]

[]

[3]

 

[] []-

[g]-r

[n] ,

[h]

0]-

 

, , 20 ( ) ( ).

:

. . , [Jip] , a [Ji:p] .

. . : [basg] , [] .

. ( ) ( ).

[i], []

[i]

[i] : , [i]: it, sit, in

 

[i:]

[] , , . [] , , , [i:J.

, [i:]. , meet, peat.

.

: feet () fit (), steel () still ( )

 

Exercise

lead lid if it tip kit

did bill mill meal

pill peel keel kill

sit seat

 

Exercise

did deed pit peat

fit feet it eat

lid lead

Exercise D Be been bean see seat seed pea Pete peat bee been feet

Exercise E

I see a sea. I see lean meat. I eat meat. I like meat. I like tea. I make tea. I take tea. I like fine tea. I like fine meals.

 

[e], [as]

[e]

[] . . . [] , .

 

[]

[] , , , .

 

Exercise

am Ann lamp man can cat
sat hat bat Pat rat cam

Exercise

bin bean beat bin

sit seat steel still

feel fill feet fit eat bean

simple Pete feel peel

meet meat ill bill steel feel

 

Exercise tan ten bad bed tanned tent man men

 

pan pen land lend fan fen pat pet

Exercise

bat bet pet-net-red

let met ten pen men hen

[:], [], [], [ei] [a:]

[:] , . . .

[]

, , . [] : , , .

[]

. .

[ei]

, , . , , [], [].

 

Exercise

far bar half calf bath

part park fart cart barter shark

spark bath mark park raft plant

Exercise Mary air pair care dare rare fare fair hair

 

Exercise

tape hate bate mate plate Kate
late fate rate brave maple main

pain name day date may pay lay hay Ray

[u:], [u], [] [u:]

[:] , , : moon.

, k. : soon , , moon

: book ( ).

 

[]

[] , , , , : ( ). [] , , :

hook look

, [uj:

Put , pull , push , full

[]

[] , , , []. , [] , , .

 

Exercise

too ■ tooth food

soon spoon tooth

Exercise

took shook nook hook look cook

 

Exercise

fool pool hook fool too book cook boot loop foot cool mood shook soon spoon moon

 

Exercise D

pull () pool () tool () full () soon () sun () [sAn]!

 

Exercise E

us bus tub mud

must sum humble tumble mumble

sun hunt trust lust

 

[:], [], [OU]

[:] , , , :, .

 

[]

, , [:], [].

 

[]

[] []. . [].

 

Exercise more score poor dawn hawk because

 

Exercise not top hot Rostov-on-Don dot mop mob

 

Exercise

tone note smoke code hope cope boat soap coat

 

[id], [ai], [h]

[ia]

[i], , [\\.

[ai]

, [] . [i], , [i].

 

[h]

. , . [] [h] , , .

 

Exercise

year hear ear

tear peer beer

 

Exercise mile pile kite height light fight pike hike hide

 

Exercise

hope heap hat heal heel heal health height hear hood his ham her here hate

 

Exercise D

hit heat head hall hollow hammer hand happy hard

[0], [] [9]

. [9] . , , . . . , , , .

 

[3]

[] , [9]. [3] [3] .

 

Exercise

through fifth myth thief booth tooth thank think thought theatre theory theft

 

Exercise

thermometer thick thin thirst thirty thorough threat three thunder threw throat thumb faith hearth path bath booth broth

there though these them they the

[w], [] [w]

, , []. . .

 

[]

, . , , , , , .

 

Exercise

what why where

whip wheat while

 

Exercise

war wharf water wedding wage wait waitress waist waist weather woman wind

 

Exercise

wall wallet walk walnut waltz won

Exercise D

wing king ping

sing nothing something

nothing anything ring

 

[au], [dr], [br], [gr], [tr], [fr], [6r]

Exercise A now how brown out now house louse mouse cows out loud without

 

Exercise

draw dribble draft drag drab drank drain dragon drama drape dreadful drugs Dresden - dress dry drill drop drink drive drown drum drift drier droopy

 

Exercise

brown bread brace brain brakes bran brunch branch brave Brazil breach breast breath broth breathe

 

Exercise D

treasure trainer trench track trade traffic troops trend trail translate transmit trance

Phonetics

Exercise E

France French fruit fry frame free three thread throat threat through thrill thirty throne threaten

 

Part I

 

Revision Lessons

 

Lecture 1

 

Text 1: LET ME INTRODUCE MYSELF

Hello, friends. Let me first introduce myself. You know how difficult it is to tell much in a very short time. But I'll try hard so you'll have some idea who I am.

My name is Katya. My surname or last name is Ivashenko. I was born on the 13th of October 1983 in Sochi. This is the nicest city in the Russian Federation situated on the Black Sea coast. Now I am a first-year student at the Faculty of Psychology of the Rostov State University.

Now let me describe my appearance. I am tall and slim and have fair hair and blue eyes. My friends say that I am pretty. I love reading, theatre and classical music. My favourite composer is Tchaikovski. I don't like ballet too much. But I like theatre and I am a theatre-goer. I spend much if not all of my money on theatres and books.

I would like to tell you about my family. There are five people in our family. My father's name is Leonid Boriso-vich. He is a professor of bilology. My mother's name is Natalya Yakovlevna. She works at the research institute and she is a historian. My parents are very educated people but simple and easy to be with. We are big friends with my parents and I can discuss everything with them.

My younger sister is still a pupil. Her name is Tanya and she is in the 7th form. But she is so tall that you can think that she is a school graduate. She is very strong, too. That is because she plays basketball. She doesn't like to study much and we argue sometimes about it. But we are good friends with my sister.

My grandmother, my mother's mother, lives with us. She is very kind and helps us a lot.

We also have a dog poodle Van'ka and a cat Musya. They fight sometimes, but generally they are friends and miss each other.

Our family is very friendly, we have many friends and relatives.

In May I have finished school No 5.1 did well in all the subjects but my favourite subjects at school were Biology and English. I also enjoyed lessons of Mathematics. Quite unusual for a girl, don't you think? My father always wanted me to be a biologist, like him. But I wanted to work with people, not with animals. I want to understand people better. And of course it will help me to understand myself better too. Also, I think that psychology is a fast developing science and I will always have a job.

As you see, my biography isn' t very long yet. But we' 11 meet again in the next lesson and I'll tell you more about myself. See you later...

 

Vocabulary:

introduce [mtra'djiKs]

to try hard .

Black Sea coast [ksust]

a first-year student (-)

appearance [g'piarans]

slim

theatre-goer ,

historian

simple

easy to be with

school graduate kind poodle generally

miss each other several ['sevsrl] to do well .

Add to your active vocabulary ( ):

tall [to:I]

short [Jo:t]

stout [staut] ,

slim

fat [fast]

plumpy [1]

fair hair [feg' heo']

blonde [blond] ()

brunette [bru:'net] ()

gray hair

bold headed [bould]

short sighted

smart, clever, bright ()

stupid ['stju:pid| ,

boring ()

fun to be with

easy to go along

quiet ['kwaist]

impulsive [im'pAlsiv] ,

aggressive [s'gresiv]

rude [ru:d] ,

shy [J'ai], confused [ksn 'fjiKzd]

active ['aektiv]

talkative ['to:kotiv]

enthusiastic [m9u:zi'asstik] ,

f., _  
     
i : J

Formal Hello!

Good morning / good afternoon / good evening //

May I introduce myself. (Let me introduce myself.) My name is... . ...

Let me introduce you to... ...

I'd like you to meet... () ...

Pleased to meet you, (it is very nice to meet you)

.

How do you do? . ( ?)

Informal

Hello! Hi! !

How are you? / How are you doing? / How is it going? ? ? What's up? ?

 

Exercise 1.1. Please, introduce yourself. The questions below will certainly help you:

What is your name?

Where and when were you born?

How old are you?

Have you got a family?

How many people are there in your family?

Do you have brothers, sisters, grandparents in your family?

Where do you live?

Did you study well at school?

What school did you finish?

Did your teacher of English help you to choose your future profession?

What was your favourite subject?

What do you like to read?

What sport do you go in for?

What are you going to be?

Do you still live with your parents?

Do you have a girlfriend / boyfriend?

Exercise 1.2. Introduce your deskmate (classmate) to the class. Try to describe his/her appearance.

Exercise 1.3. Bring a picture of a person you know well (mother, father, grandfather, friend) to your class. Show it to the class and describe that person. Use the active vocabulary of the unit.

Exercise 1.4. Work in pairs. Ask your classmate about his/her:

family

hobbies

friends

favourite films

favourite actor

favourite book

favourite food

places he/she visited

 

Text 2: MY BIOGRAPHY

after Mark Twain I was born on the 30-th of November 1835 in the village of Florida, Missouri. My father was John Marshal Clemens.

According to tradition some of my great-great parents were pirates and slave traders a respectable trade in the 16-th century. In my time I wished to be a pirate myself.

Florida contained a hundred people and when I was born I increased the population by one per cent. It had two streets and a lot of lanes. Both the streets and the lanes were paved [peiv] () with the same material black mud in wet times, deep dust in dry. Most of the houses were of wood there were none of brick and none of stone. Everywhere around were fields and woods.

My uncle was a farmer. I have never met a better man than he was. He was a middle-aged man whose head was clear and whose heart was honest and simple. I stayed at his house for three months every year till I was thirteen years old. Nowhere else was I happier than at his house. He had eight children and owned about fourteen Negro slaves whom he had bought from other farmers. My uncle and everyone on the farm treated the slaves kindly. All the Negroes on the farm were friends of ours and with those of our own age we were playmates. Since my childhood I have learned to like the black race and admire some of its fine qualities. In my school days nobody told me that it was wrong to sell and buy people. It is only much later that I realized all the horror of slavery.

The country school was three miles from my uncle's farm. It stood in a forest and could take in about twenty five boys and girls. We attended school once or twice a week. I was a sickly ['sikli] () child and lived mainly on medicine the first seven years of my life.

When I was twelve years old my father died. After my father's death our family was left penniless. I was taken from school at once and placed in the office of a local newspaper as printer's apprentice [a'prentis] (

) where I could receive board and clothes but no money.

For ten years I worked in printshops of various cities. I started my journalistic life as a reporter on a newspaper in San-Francisco. It was then that I began to sign my publications by my penname Mark Twain.

 

General understanding:

In what state was Samuel Clemens born?

What were the great-great parents of Mark Twain?

What did Mark Twain want to be?

4. What were the streets and lanes of Florida paved
with?

How does the author describe his uncle?

How many slaves did Mark Twain's uncle own?

What was the author's attitude toward slavery?

Was Mark Twain a healthy boy?

When did the author start his career of a writer?

r GRAMMAR   ^
      J




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