, , .
, . , ( ) . , (NH3) (N) (). . , N. . :
1. N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3;
2. NH4NO3 + NaOH = NaNO3 + H2O + NH3;
3. NH4Cl NH3+ HCl.
, , , NH3 N .
, .. , , .
, , . :
1. .
2. , , .
, . , , .
:
, , .
, . .
, , , .
1. , , , , , : 42,073%; 18,903% 39,024%.
:
ω,%(Na) = 42,073; ω,%(P) = 18,903; ω,%(O) = 39,024.
: NaxPyOz -?
:
(), %, m() 100 . , 100 , Na, P 42,073 ; 18,903 39,024 .
|
|
,
n() ; , ;
m() , ;
M() , /.
; ;
.
(n(Na), n(P), n(O)) , , 100 . n(Na), n(P) n(O) , .
n(Na): n(P): n(O) = 1,8: 0,6: 2,4
0,6.
n (Na): n (P): n (O) = 1,8/0,6: 0,6/ 0,6: 2,4/ 0,6 = 3: 1: 4.
Na, : x = 3, y = 1, z = 4.
Na34.
: : Na34.
. , .. . () .
2. , , , 85,72% 14,28%, 28.
:
ω,%() = 85,72; ω,%() = 14,28; r() = 28.
: , xHy -?
:
, 100 .
, .
n() n() :
n(C): n(H) = 7,14: 14,28 = 7,14/7,14: 14,28/7,14 = 1: 2; = 1, y = 2.
, xHy 2.
2: , .
Mr(CH2) = Ar(C) + 2Ar(H) = 12 + 1 × 2 = 14.
Mr() Mr(CH2):
.
, x y 2 , . , 24.
: 24.
3. . 1 0,57, 1,14, 1,71, 2,28, 2,85 . .
:
1 (N): 0, 57 (); 1 (N): 1,14 (); 1 (N): 1,71 (); 1 (N): 2,28 (); 1 (N): 2,85 ().
: NxOy -?
:
, 1 N : 0,57 , 1,14 , 1,71 , 2,28 , 2,85 . :
0,57: 1,14: 1,71: 2,28: 2,85 = .
, , , . NxOy x: y = n (N): n (O) = .
2:1 : N2O. *.
: N2O, (NO, N2O3, NO2, N2O5) *.