4 : , , .
"" "" .
, to have to be.
Have you a book? - ? Are you busy now? - ? , :
Can you give me book? - ?
Have you seen him? - ? , -
Has she been working here? - ?
(present, past indefinite), do (does) did:
Does he study at the...? - ...?
Did you see him...? - ?
:
Do you play chess? - Yes, I do; no, I don't.
Did you see him? - Yes, I did; no. I didn't.
- , :
who? - ?, whom? - ?, whose? - ?, what? - ? ?, which? - , ?, when? - ?, where? - , ?, why? - ?, how? - , ?, how many, how much? - ?
What does he do? - ? What did he do? - ? What he wi 11 do? - ? What i s he? - ? Who(m) has he seen? - ? Why hasn'he come? - ?
, or - :
Do you worker (do you) study? - ?
When wi 11 you come, in the evening or in the morning? - , ? : You can do it, can't you? - , ?
, : You could not do it, could you?
:
You are tired, aren't you? Yes, I am. No, I am not. - , ? . .
not, . not ;
: I don't remember when he was here. - .
: I can't live in this town. - .
to be : was not at home. - .
to have: haven't, hasn't, hadn't have no, has no, :
I haven't got the book. I have no book. - .
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A liquid hasn't a shape; a liquid has no shape.- .
, (no - , ; nobody, nn, none - , ; nothing-, )
(never - ; nowhere - , ; neither... nor - ... ):
I never saw anything I ike that. - .
Nobody tells me anything. - .
Neither the war nor peace. - , .
, it, :
. - It is cold.
. - It is two o'clock.
. - It is not far to the port.
it .
- .
... It is said...
...It is expected...
... It is reported...
... It was broadcasted...,
to take, to rain, to snow, to freeze : . It takes one hour to get there.
, . - It took me one hour to translate the
letter.
- :
, ... - I was told that...
... - He was ordered...
... - The captain was informed...
, ... The vessel is reported to have arrived in...
, - - . , . , , , , . .
