. ( .. ) ' . , 1920- pp. (JIT) . , , 糿, . ϳ . , , ,
, . - .
.. , , , , 40%. . 70% . , . , "Federal Express" "Caliber System"
2,7 . . .
³ , : 1) ( ; , , , ' ; ); 2) ( ; ; ); 3) .
, , 1990., 95%. , 2005 . - 33,2%, - 62,9%, ( 96,1 %), - 3,9%.
, , : , - , (asset-based) (nonasset-based). , , . . Robinson (. ̳), 볺, 30
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. . - Caterpillar Logistics Caterpillar Inc. 50 . , , , , . , Penske Corp., , , , 200 . . - , 25 L- .
. 2. , 2005 .
- , . 14 587 - 25 978 ( ) -, ( ̳-) - 8 628 18 416 -. ( 18 507 37 608 -) , , (17 200 21640 -). ( - ) ( 39 . -) ( 988 . -) . Union Pacific, Overnight Express, , J.B. Hunt Schielder National.
. , , . 12% (70 191 . . ). 50 . . (2005.), 75 . . .
7,6 . . , 12% . : , .
: 1) Asset-Based Transportation Services (ABTS) ( ); 2) Asset-Based Non-Transportation Services (ABNTS) ( , ' ); 3)Non-Asset Based Logistics Services (NABLS) ().
ABTS , ' . 85% , 42% 75% . .
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ABNTS ( SPL-) ' 볺. , L- , - , , , , .
NABLS , . (, ), . NABLS . 76% , - 78% - 65%.
, , 2005 . 38 . . , 68% . , . , , .
. 3. , 2005 .
(%): 42%, 15%, 14%, 10%, ' 9%, 2%, 8%. - , . . . . .
: , ( ) . , , , , , - , , , . USCO Logistics.
10 . , , 3-5 . 15% .
, , L-: DC Canada Inc, Instorage Distribution Ltd, Lehman Logistics, MacCosham Logistics. , , .
. . 30% 32% , . , , , . 8% 5% .
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. 4. , 2005 .
. , , . .
, , -.
̳ , , . , 4 . , , .
LOGISTICS Mexico, , , . , :
Autolineas Mexicanas, Exim Broker Transport, Grupo TMM, Pegaso Express . ϳ ϳ (NAFTA), , . ( 10% ) . , , Global, CH Robinson Worldwide, Tompkins Associates, ProModel Corp., Menlo Worldwide, USCO Logistics. .