. 165. ():
1 - Interlobular bile ducts; 2 - Central vein; 3 - Interlobular arteries; 4 - Lobules of liver; 5 - Interlobular veins; 6 - Hepatic veins; 7 - Right lobe of liver; 8 - Inferior vena cava; 9 - Left lobe of liver; 10 - Common hepatic duct; 11 - Hepatic artery proper; 12 - Hepatic portal vein;
13 - Bile duct; 14 - Gallbladder; 15 - Sinusoid
. 166. ():
1 - Macrofagocytus stellatus; 2 - Bile capillary; 3 - Interlobular bile duct; 4 - Perilobular artery; 5 - Perilobular vein; 6 - Hepatocytus; 7 - Hepatic plate; 8 - Sinusoid; 9 - Central vein; 10 - Spatia perisinusoidea (the space of Disse); 11 - Lipocytus perisinusoideus; 12 - Endo-
theliocytus ( .. .)
. 167. , - ( - , , - ):
1 - ; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 - ; 5 - ; 6 - ; 7 - ( .. )
. 168.
. 169. :
1 - Hepatopancreatic ampulla; Biliaropancreatic ampulla; Sphincter of ampulla; 2 - Gallbladder, serosa; serous coat; 3 - Fundus of gallbladder; 4 - Body of gallbladder; 5 - Neck of gallbladder; 6 - Common hepatic duct; 7 - Cystic duct; 8 - Bile duct; 9 - Pancreatic duct
. 170. :
1 - Duodenum, descending part; 2 - Major duodenal papilla; 3 - Minor duodenal papilla; 4 - Gallbladder, fundus of gallbladder; 5 - Gallbladder, body of gallbladder; 6 - Gallbladder, infundibulum of gallbladder; 7 - Gallbladder, neck of gallbladder; 8 - Cystic duct; 9 - Left hepatic duct; 10 - Right hepatic duct; 11 - Common hepatic duct; 12 - Duodenum, superior part; 13 - Bile duct; 14 - Accessory pancreatic duct; 15 - Pancreatic duct; 16 - Duodenum, inferior part; horizontal part; transverse part
. 171. ( - , - ):
1 - Sphincter of bile duct; 2 - Sphincter of ampulla; 3 - Hepatopancreatic ampulla; Biliaropancreatic ampulla; 4 - Duodenum, anterior wall; 5 - Sphincter of pancreatic duct; 6 - Circular layer; Short pitch helicoidal layer; 7 - Longitudinal layer; Long pitch helicoidal layer; 8 = 6 + 7 - Duodenum, muscular layer, muscular coat; 9 - Longitudinal slips of duodenal muscle on common bile duct; 10 - Bile duct;
11 - Pancreatic duct
. 172. :
1 - Bile duct; 2 - Common hepatic duct; 3 - Cystic duct; 4 - Right lobe of liver; 5 - Gallbladder; 6 - Falciform ligament; 7 - Left lobe of liver; 8 - Hepatophrenic ligament; 9 - Duodenum; 10 - Major
duodenal papilla
. 173. ( )
. 174.
. 175. , :
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1 - Root of mesentery; 2 - Duodenum, inferior part; horizontal part; transverse part; 3 - Duodenum, descending part; 4 - External oblique; Internal oblique; Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal; 5 - Head of pancreas; 6 - Duodenum, superior part; 7 - Body of pancreas; 8 - Right kidney; 9 - Right suprarenal gland; Right adrenal gland; 10 - Diaphragm; 11 - Parietal peritoneum; 12 - Hepatoduodenal ligament; 13 - Hepatic veins; 14 - Inferior vena cava; 15 - Common hepatic artery; 16 - Coeliac trunk; 17 - Spleen; 18 - Left suprarenal gland; Left adrenal gland; 19 - Splenic artery; 20 - Tail of pancreas; 21 - Left colic flexure; Splenic flexure; 22 - Descending colon; 23 - Left kidney; 24 - Left colic artery and vein; 25 - Transverse mesocolon; 26 - Jejunum; 27 - Duodenum, ascending part; 28 - Superior mesenteric
artery and vein; 29 - Uncinate process
. 176. , , , :
1 - Sphincter of bile duct; 2 - Pancreatic duct and Sphincter of pancreatic duct; 3 - Head of pancreas; 4 - Superior mesenteric artery; 5 - Superior mesenteric vein; 6 - Body of pancreas; 7 - Tail of pancreas; 8 - Splenic vein; 9 - Hepatic portal vein; 10 - Common hepatic duct; 11 - Cystic duct; 12 - Neck of gallbladder; 13 - Bile duct; 14 - Body of gallbladder; 15 - Fundus of gallbladder; 16 - Duodenum:
17 - Sphincter of ampulla; 18 - Peritoneum
. 177. ( - , - , - , - , - , , -
):
1 - Major duodenal papilla; 2 - Bile duct; 3 - Duodenum; 4 - Pancreas; 5 - Pancreatic duct; 6 - Minor duodenal papilla; 7 - Accessory
pancreatic duct
. 178. , :
1 - Accessory pancreatic duct; 2 - Duodenum, superior part; 3 - Pancreatic duct; 4 - Body of pancreas; 5 - Tail of pancreas; 6 - Superior mesenteric artery; 7 - Superior mesenteric vein; 8 - Jejunum; 9 - Duodenum, ascending part; 10 - Uncinate process; 11 - Head of pancreas; 12 - Duodenum, inferior part; horizontal part; transverse part; 13 - Duodenum, descending part
. 179. ( )
. 180. , ( ):
1 - Sigmoid colon; 2 - Inferior mesenteric artery; 3 - Left ureter; 4 - Left testicular vein; 5 - Left kidney; 6 - Left renal vein; 7 - Aorta; 8 - Head of pancreas; 9 - Superior mesenteric artery; 10 - Duodenum; 11 - Tail of pancreas; 12 - Gallbladder; 13 - Cystic duct; 14 - Cystic artery; 15 - Right lobe of liver; 16 - Hepatic artery proper, right and left branches; 17 - Liver, caudate lobe; 18 - Left lobe of liver; 19 - Common hepatic artery; 20 - Splenic artery; 21 - Left gastric artery; 22 - Stomach; 23 - Spleen
. 181. ()
. 182. ()
( .. , . )
. 183. , 1- ( ):
1 - ; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 - ; 5 - ; 6 - ; 7 - ; 8 - ; 9 - ; 10 - ; 11 - ; 12 - ( .. )
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9.
( .. , )
. 184. , -, ( - -
, - ):
1 - ; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 - ; 5 - ; 6 - ; 7 - ; 8 - ; 9 - ; 10 - ; 11 - ; 12 -
( .. )
10. ,
. 185. , () ():
1 - Urinary bladder; 2 - Small intestine; 3 - Greater omentum, cavity; 4 - Transverse colon; 5 - Transverse mesocolon; 6 - Stomach; 7 - Liver; 8 - Hepatogastric ligament; 9 - Omental bursa; Lesser sac; 10 - Pancreas; 11 - Duodenum; 12 - Mesentery; 13 - Rectum
. 186. ()
. 187. , () II III ():
1 - Small intestine; 2 - Visceral peritoneum; 3 - Aorta; 4 - Inferior vena cava; 5 - Duodenum; 6 - Psoas major; 7 - Retroperitoneal space; 8 - Kidney; 9 - Colon; 10 - Peritoneal cavity; 11 - Parietal peritoneum; 12 - Mesentery; 13 - Rectus abdominis
. 188. , :
1 - Obturator internus; 2 - Supravesical fossa; 3 - Obturator artery and vein; 4 - Urinary bladder; 5 - Obturator nerve; 6 - Superior vesical artery; 7 - Ductus deferens; Vas deferens; 8 - Inguinal falx; Conjoint tendon; 9 - Spermatic cord; 10 - Interfoveolar ligament; 11 - Testicular artery and vein; 12 - Deep inguinal ring; 13 - Deep circumflex iliac artery and vein; 14 - Inferior epigastric artery and vein; 15 - Rectus abdominis; 16 - Arcuate line; 17 - Transverse fascia; 18 - Diaphragm; 19 - Round ligament of liver; 20 - Falciform ligament; 21 - Parietal peritoneum; 22 - Umbilical region; 23 - Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal; External and Internal oblique; 24 - Median umbilical ligament; 25 - Lateral umbilical fold; Epigastric fold; 26 - Iliopsoas; 27 - Lateral inguinal fossa; 28 - Femoral nerve; 29 - External iliac
artery and vein; 30 - Medial umbilical fold; 31 - Medial inguinal fossa
. 189. , :
1 - Median umbilical fold; 2 - Rectum; 3 - Ureter; 4 - Rectus abdominis; 5 - Meso-appendix; 6 - Common iliac artery and vein; 7 - Ascending colon; 8 - Abdominal aorta; 9 - Root of mesentery; 10 - Duodenum; 11 - Head of pancreas; 12 - Kidney: 13 - Hepatoduodenal ligament; 14 - Right suprarenal gland; Right adrenal gland; 15 - Parietal peritoneum; 16 - Hepatic surface of diaphragm; 17 - Inferior vena cava; 18 - Cardial orifice; 19 - Hepatic veins; 20 - Left suprarenal gland; Left adrenal gland; 21 - Body of pancreas; 22 - Splenic artery and vein; 23 - Gastrosplenic ligament; 24 - Tail of pancreas; 25 - Transverse mesocolon; 26 - Left colic artery and vein; 27 - Descending colon; 28 - Superior mesenteric artery and vein; 29 - Inferior mesenteric artery; 30 - Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal; External and Internal oblique; 31 - Sigmoid mesocolon; 32 - External iliac artery; 33 - Lateral umbilical fold; Epigastric fold
(Inferior epigastric artery and vein); 34 - Medial umbilical fold
. 190. :
1 - Urinary bladder; 2 - Rectum; 3 - Ovary; 4 - Uterine tube; 5 - Right external iliac artery and vein; 6 - Femoral nerve; 7 - Parietal peritoneum; 8 - Right common artery and vein; 9 - Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh; Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; 10 - Right ovarian artery and vein; 11 - Ilio-inguinal nerve; 12 - Iliohypogastric nerve; Iliopubic nerve; 13 - Duodenum; 14 - Superior mesenteric artery and vein; 15 - Subcostal nerve; 16 - Bile duct; 17 - Hepatic artery proper; 18 - Hepatic portal vein; 19 - Inferior vena cava; 20 - Coeliac trunk; 21 - Oesophagus; 22 - Left inferior phrenic artery; 23 - Left gastric artery and vein; 24 - Superior suprarenal artery and vein; 25 - Left suprarenal gland; Left adrenal gland; 26 - Splenic artery; 27 - Body of pancreas; 28 - Left renal artery and vein; 29 - Left kidney; 30 - Left ureter; 31 - Left ovarian artery and vein; 32 - Abdominal aorta; 33 - Genitofemoral nerve; 34 - Inferior mesenteric artery and vein; 35 - Sigmoid mesocolon; 36 - Aortic bifurcation; 37 - Sigmoid colon; 38 - Uterus
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. 191. ():
1 - Mesentery; 2 - Peritoneal cavity; 3 - Peritoneum, parietal layer; 4 - Peritoneum, visceral layer; epicardium; 5 - Intraperitoneal organ
. 192. :
1 - Median umbilical fold; 2 - Arcuate line; 3 - Ileum; 4 - Caecum; 5 - Ascending colon; 6 - Free taenia; 7 - Greater omentum; 8 - Omental taenia; 9 - Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal; 10 - Fundus of gallbladder; 11 - Round ligament of liver; 12 - Right lobe of liver; 13 - Falciform ligament; 14 - Left lobe of liver; 15 - Body of stomach; 16 - Rectus abdominis; 17 - Pyloric part; 18 - Gastrocolic ligament; 19 - Stomach, greater curvature; 20 - Transverse colon; 21 - Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal; 22 - Internal oblique; 23 - External oblique; 24 - Parietal peritoneum; 25 - Lateral umbilical fold; Epigastric fold (Inferior epigastric artery and vein);
26 - Medial umbilical fold
. 193. ( ):
1 - ; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 = 19 - ; 5 - ; 6 = 18 - ; 7 = 16 - ; ; 8 - , ; 9 = 25 - , ; 10 - ; 11 - - ; 12 - , ; 13 - ; 14 - ; 15 - ; ; 17 - ; 20 - ; 21 - ; 22 - ; 23 - ; 24 - - ; 26 -
; 27 - ; 28 -
. 194. , :
1 - Caecum; 2 - Ileocaecal fold; 3 - Paracolic gutter; 4 - Free taenia; 5 - Ascending colon; 6 - Right colic flexure; Hepatic flexure; 7 - Free taenia; 8 - Transverse colon; 9 - Greater omentum; 10 - Omental appendices; Fatty appendices of colon; 11 - Left colic flexure;
Splenic flexure; 12 - Jejunum; 13 - Sigmoid colon; 14 - Ileum
. 195. , ( ):
1 - ; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 = 15 - ; 5 - ; 6 - ; ; 7 - c ; 8 - ; 9 = 13 - ; 10 - ; 11 - ; 12 - ; 14 - ;
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16 -
. 196. :
I - Superior and inferior ileocaecal recess; 2 - Ureter, abdominal part; 3 - Meso-appendix; 4 - Appendix; Vermiform appendix; 5 - Ileocaecal fold; 6 - Caecum; 7 - Paracolic gutter; 9 - Free taenia; 10 - Duodenum, inferior part; horizontal part; transverse part;
II - Right lobe of liver, inferior border; 12 - Right colic flexure; Hepatic flexure; 13 - Fundus of gallbladder; 14 - Haustra of colon; 15 - Greater omentum; 16 - Free taenia; 17 - Omental taenia; 18 - Middle colic artery and vein; 19 - Transverse mesocolon;
20 - Pancreas; 21 - Jejunum; 22 - Root of mesentery; 23 - Ileum, terminal ileum; 24 - Ileum
. 197. ( ):
1 - ; 2 - ( ); 3 - ( ); 4 - ; 5 - ; 6 - ; 7 - - ; 8 - ; 9 - ; 10 - ; 11 - ; 12 - ; 13 - ; 14 - ; 15 - (); 16 - ; ; 17 - ; 18 - ; 19 - ; 20 - ; 21 - ; ; 22 - ; 23 - ; 24 - : 25 -
; 26 -
. 198. :
1 - Appendix; Vermiform appendix; 2 - Caecum; 3 - Meso-appendix; 4 - Inferior ileocaecal recess; 5 - Small intestine; 6 - Mesentery; 7 - Middle colic artery and vein; 8 - Transverse colon; 9 - Greater omentum; 10 - Free taenia; 11 - Pancreas, antero-inferior surface; 12 - Ureter; 13 - Superior and inferior duodenal fossa; 14 - Kidney, inferior pole; inferior extremity; 15 - Paracolic gutter; 16 - Sigmoid
colon; 18 - Intersigmoid recess; 18 - Sigmoid mesocolon
. 199. :
1 - Median umbilical fold; 2 - Rectus abdominis; 3 - Rectum; 4 - Ileum; 5 - Caecum; 6 - Ascending colon; 7 - Free taenia; 8 - Mesentery; 9 - Right colic flexure; Hepatic flexure; 10 - Transverse mesocolon; 11 - Omental appendices; Fatty appendices of colon; 12 - Round ligament of liver; 13 - Greater omentum; 14 - Parietal peritoneum; 15 - Left colic flexure; Splenic flexure; 16 - Jejunum; 17 - Descending colon; 18 - Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal; External oblique; Internal oblique; 19 - Sigmoid mesocolon; 20 - Sigmoid colon; 21 - Lateral umbilical fold; Epigastric fold (Inferior epigastric artery and vein); 22 - Medial umbilical fold
. 200. :
1 - Median umbilical fold; 2 - Rectus abdominis; 3 - Rectum; 4 - Ileum; 5 - Caecum; 6 - Ascending colon; 7 - Free taenia; 8 - Duodenum, inferior part; horizontal part; transverse part; 9 - Transverse colon; 10 - Right colic flexure; Hepatic flexure; 11 - Greater omentum; 12 - Stomach, pyloric part; 13 - Duodenum, superior part; 14 - Omental foramen; Epiploic foramen; 15 - Lesser omentum, hepatoduodenal ligament; 16 - Gallbladder; 17 - Right lobe of liver; 18 - Hepatogastric ligament; 19 - Left lobe of liver; 20 - Round ligament of liver; 21 - Body of pancreas; 22 - Cardial orifice; 23 - Spleen, gastric surface; 24 - Spleen, superior border; 25 - Gastrosplenic ligament; 26 - Transverse mesocolon; 27 - Left colic flexure; Splenic flexure; 28 - Duodenojejunal flexure; 29 - Descending colon; 30 - Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal; External and Internal oblique; 31 - Mesentery; 32 - Sigmoid mesocolon; 33 - Lateral umbilical fold;
Epigastric fold; 34 - Medial umbilical fold
. 201. , ( ):
1 - Greater omentum; 2 - Left colic flexure; Splenic flexure; 3 - Transverse colon; 4 - Diaphragm; 5 - Liver; 6 - Descending colon; 7 - Jejunum; 8 - Middle colic artery; 9 - Right colic artery and vein; 10 - Superior mesenteric artery and vein; 11 - Intestinal vessels;
12 - Ileocolic artery and vein; 13 - Ascending colon; 14 - Caecum; 15 - Ileum
. 202. , ():
1 - Descending colon; 2 - Paranephric fat; Pararenal fat body; 3 - Left colic flexure; Splenic flexure; 4 - Left kidney; 5 - Spleen; 6 - Pancreas; 7 - Omental bursa; Lesser sac; 8 - Splenic vein; 9 - Stomach, posterior wall; 10 - Stomach, anterior wall; 11 - Stomach, pyloric part; 12 - Greater omentum; 13 - Transverse colon; 14 - Duodenum; 15 - Superior mesenteric vein; 16 - Bile duct; 17 - Gallbladder; 18 - Superior mesenteric artery; 19 - Abdominal aorta; 20 - Inferior vena cava; 21 - Right lobe of liver; 22 - Intermediate lumbar nodes; 23 - Right suprarenal gland; Right adrenal gland; 24 - Right renal artery; 25 - Right kidney; 26 - Vertebra [LI]; 27 - Vertebral canal; Spinal cord; 28 - Lateral lumbar node
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. 203. :
I - ; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 - ; 5 - (); 6 - ; 7 - ; 8 - ; 9 - ; 10 - ;
II - ; 12- ; 13 - ; 14 - ; 15 - ; 16 - ; 17 - (); 18 - ; 19 - (); 20 -
( .. )
. 204. - , , 1- :
1 - - ; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 - ; 5 - ; 6 - ; 7 - ; 8 - ; 9 - ( .. )
. 205. , , ()
.
. . . ( ), .
. 206. ()