.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


.




: 1) - ; 2) ; 3) χ ²; , , ; 4) (r s), ; - ; 5) z - [15, . 170 - 172]; 6) : , -, -; - ; 7) ANOVA (post-hoc ) ; 8) -. H 0 p ≤ 0.05.

1. r .

, , ( ) , , ( ). 23456 . , , r s 0.113 0.133. , , r s -0.103 0.036, . (0.113 0.036) z - , (t = 8.39, df = 23456, < 10 -5). , , , . 7.1 H 1 0 , .

2. .

, 256- , . 1 ( - , . . 1).

. 62

. 2. () () . - ; : ; : ; × 10, - .

I - III ( 6 - 10 ) ( , -, χ ² = 5.32; df = 2; 99% : 0.067 < p < 0.080). V - VIII (14 - 27 ) (χ ² = 4.06; df = 3; 99% : 0.249 < p < 0.272). III - V (10 - 14 ) ( χ ² = 27.08; df = 2; 99% : 10 - 6 < p < 0.00046). , 6 - 10 14 - 27 161 (95% : 154 - 162 ) 142 (95% : 139 - 149 ). 10 - 14 .

, 7.6 H6?0 .

, (), . . , 2 VIII - IX 240 ; V - VII - 280 ; ( I - IV) 300 . , , . , 1456 , .. ≈4.8 , , .

3. , .

(. 2, ) ( -, Z = 57.35, p < 10 - 9). (Z = 2.22, p < 10 - 6 ), : -2.3 × 10 -15, 0.99997, -0.028, 0.028 (. 2, ). , H 0.

, ( ,? = 0.148, t = 43.07) ( ,? = -0.097, t = -28.38). R = 0.171; df regr = 2, df resid = 83218; F = 1248.6; p < 10 -9. ( - , Z = 0.781, p = 0.575). , (r ).

,

. 63

. 3. r , .

: , "0" - , "-5... -1" - , , "1" - , ; "" - , ; N - . : ( ) .

, r : r s = 0.985, N= 83221; p < 10 -7.

( , χ ² = 1212.2, df = 8, p < 10 -7), , ( , χ ² = 1127.9, df = 8, p < 10 - 7 ).

, , (Z = 22.324, p < 10 - 8), (r ) - ( - Z = 1.11, p = 0.170; - Z= 1.17, p = 0.131).

r ( -, -, 99% - 0.273, - 0.854). r , F - 1.109; p = 0.05 df = = 1000 F = 1.12. , , , r . , r , , (), , , ANOVA, .

r : F = 8.22; df = 6;p = 7.05 × 10 -9. r . 3. , r "" "-5" "-4", - "-1" "0", p < 0.001. "-5" "-4" ( r ) "-2", "-1" "0" ( ), "0" - "-5", "-4", "-3" ( , "-3", p < 0.011; "-3" p = 0.025). , ( "-5", "-4") r "", "-3" ( , ), "-2", "-1", "0", , "".

"" - ( -) , "- 5, -4, -3" "" (p = 0.731, 99% 0.719 - 0.742); "-2", "-1", "0" (p = 0.146, 99% 0.137 - 0.155), "-3, -2, -1" (p = 0.008, 99% 0.006 - 0.011). 1 "" (p = 0.004, 99% 0.002 - 0.006), 0 (p = 0.010, 99% 0.007 - 0.012). "-5, -4" "-2, -1, 0" 540 , ( "-5, -4") ( "0") - 850 .

, , , (t - ; : t < 1.7, df = 160, p > 0.08).

, 7.2, H 2 0 : , .

4. , .

12 (. . 2), (V01), (V02), , (V03), XOR AND (V11, V18, V19), -

. 64

2. . Promax

,
: F I F II FII
V01      
V02      
V03 ,      
V11 XOR      
V12 ,      
V13 ,      
V14      
V15      
V16      
V17      
V18 XOR      
V19 AND      

- . , 0.7. .

, (V12, V13), (V17), (V14 - V16).

(D = 1.79 × 10 -6); -- = 0.702; ( χ ² = 62081.9, df= 66; p < 0.00001). , 73.65% : FI - 43.56%; FII - 19.29%; FIII - 12.79%.

FI - ( ), ; FII - ; FIII - , .

: -, Z < 1.037; p > 0.232.

5. , .

, , . 4. , FI "-4", "-3", "-2", - "-5" "0" ( < 0.0014). FII "-5", "-4", "-3", , 0 ( "-5? -2" p ≤ 1.95 × 10 -6, "- 1 " p = 0.025). FIII "-5" "-4", "-1" "0" p ≤ 0.016).

, , , (-

. 4. , . : , . 3; : . - .

. 65

. 5. , . : , . 3; ( - ): - , ; - , ; - , ; - ; - , .

. 6. .

- (). ( -). , - , - . - , . 3.

, χ ² < 3.20, df = 2,p > 0.88). FI FIII r ( , df = 4522, FI: R = 0.104, p = 1.9 × 10 -12; FIII: R = 0.065, p = 1.06 × 10 -5), FII - (R = -0.099, p = 2.58 × 10 - 11).

, , , "-3" "-5" , (. 5, ; χ ² = 58.27; df = 1; p = 2.27 × 10 -14), , (. 5, ; χ ² = 14.87; df = 1; p = 0.0001); (. 5, ; 1: χ ² = 18.49; df= 1 ;p = 1.7 × 10 -5). ("-2" "-1") , (. 5, ; χ ² = 49.45; df = 1; p = 2.02 × 10 -12), - , (. 5, ; χ ² = 13.56; df = 1 ;p = 0.0002), , (. 5, ; χ ² = 569.9; df = 1; p <10 -10).

, , (. 6), , "-3 ÷ -1", - "-4 ÷ -2" ( -; p ≤ 0.018). "-3" "-2".

H 0 7.3 7.4: , ; .

6. r .

r , , , "-5" "-4" (. 3), , ( 95% ) .

, (. 3), , "-3": FIII ( ) -

. 66

3. r , ,

: R ANOVA (df = 3)
FI FII FIII
F P β P β P β P
.18 52.28 10 -9 .17 10 -6 -.11 10 -6 .08 10 -6
-5 .23 13.57 10 -8 .19 10 -7 -.13 .003 .09 .045
-4 .22 12.44 10 -8 .20 10 -7 -.11 .010 .11 .019
-3 .15 5.48 .001 .12 .003 -.10 .028 .05 .278
-2 .13 4.32 .005 .11 .006 -.12 .012 -.001 .858
-1 .17 7.30 7 × 10 -5 .18 10 -6 -.05 .317 .09 .056
0 .17 7.28 7 × 10 -5 .19 10 -6 -.09 .028 .07 .070

----- : , .

. "-3" "-2" FIII , FI , . "-1" FI (. . 3).

R: r "-2" ("-5" "-4") (t - , t = 1.93 760, 762 756, p < 0.05).

, 7.3, H 3?'', .

7. -1: , .

. 4 . , . 7. , , . 4. . , H 0 (. 4, , "0"; . 7, ), ( - , -, Z = 1.34; 0.40 < p ≤ 0.51), H 0 - - (. 7, : Z = 2.26; 10 - 7 < ≤ 0.00046; . 7, :Z = 2.15; 10 -7 < p ≤ 2 × 10 -5). (-

. 7. , (), () () . . 3 4; - .

. 67

4. r - ,

N r
t - (+) (-)
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1   95% :
              -2.65 -4.63 -0.67 -2.62 .009 -
              -4.14 -6.20 -2.07 -3.93 8.6 × 10 -5 -
              -1.75 -3.90 0.39 -1.60 .109  
              0.28 -1.87 2.42 0.26 .256  
              1.42 -0.59 3.42 1.38 .179  
              3.26 1.51 5.02 3.64 2.7 × 10 -4 +
              -3.75 -5.28 -2.23 -4.82 1.5 × 10 -6 -
              -3.33 -4.94 -1.72 -4.06 5.0 × 10 -5 -
              -0.83 -2.51 0.85 -0.97 .334  
              1.30 -0.32 2.91 1.58 .115  
              2.92 1.49 4.35 3.99 6.5 × 10 -5 +
12/31             -3.77 -5.16 -2.37 -5.29 1.3 × 10 -7 -
              -2.57 -4.08 -1.05 3.33 .001 -
              0.17 -1.34 1.69 0.23 .822  
15/34             3.06 1.69 4.43 4.38 1.2 × 10 -5 +
16/26             -3.63 -5.09 -2.16 -4.85 1.3 × 10 -6 -
              -1.82 -3.36 -0.29 -2.33 .020 -
18/30             3.07 1.61 4.54 4.11 4.0 × 10 -5 +
              76.81 -156.7 310.4 0.64 .519  
              -3.71 -5.41 -2.02 -4.30 1.7 × 10 -5 -
              -2.23 -4.23 -0.24 -2.20 .028 -
              -1.27 -3.26 0.72 -1.25 .212  
              0.94 -1.09 2.98 0.91 .364  
              3.27 1.40 5.20 3.40 .001 +
              1.72 -0.18 3.61 1.77 .077  
26/16             -3.63 -5.09 -2.16 -4.85 1.3 × 10 -6 -
              -2.09 -3.67 -0.51 -2.59 .010 -
              -0.16 -1.75 1.42 -0.20 .839  
              2.56 1.04 4.07 3.31 .001 +
30/18             3.07 1.61 4.54 4.11 4.0 × 10 -5 +
31/12             -3.77 -5.16 -2.37 -5.29 1.3 × 10 -7 -
              -1.10 -2.60 0.40 -1.44 .150  
              1.78 0.35 3.20 2.44 .015 +
34/15             3.06 1.69 4.43 4.38 1.2 × 10 -5 +

--- : "0" , H 0 ( ); "+" "-" - H 0 , (, (+) (-) ). " ", . 3.

, . , (, 12/31), , . .

. 68

5.

N (15/34, . 4) r ,
t- P
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1   95% :
            .8 -1.82 -3.43 -0.20 -2.21 .027 -
        .4 1.4 1.6 1.86 -0.27 3.74 1.93 .053  
  .1 .1 .3 1.3 1.4 1.6 8.17 4.65 11.69 4.55 3.5 × 10 -6 +
  .1 .1 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.92 -0.20 4.03 1.78 .075  
  .5 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 -2.24 -4.33 -0.15 -2.10 .036 -
  1.6 1.4 1.3 .3 .1 .1 -1.63 -2.25 -1.00 -5.10 3.5 × 10 -7 -
  1.3 .1 .3 1.6 1.4 .1 -1.91 -2.94 -0.88 -3.62 .00029 -
  1.4 .3 .1 1.6 .1 1.3 -1.36 -2.41 -0.30 -2.51 .012 -
  .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 -3.06 -4.43 -1.69 4.38 1.2 × 10 -5 -
  2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 -3.06 -4.43 -1.69 4.38 1.2 × 10 -5 -
  -.1 -.1 -.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.64 -2.27 -1.02 -5.16 2.6 × 10 -7 -

----- : . 4. 15/34, . 4. (3) ; 1 2 , 4 5 - . 6 - , 7 8 - , 9 10 , 11 - .

- "-3"), ( - "-1"), , , "-2". - (. 7, ; p = 6.4 × 10 -6), , (p = 0.006).

, , . , (. . 4, N 15/34, 18/30) "-2", "-1", "0", (N 2, 7, 12/31, 16/26, 20) - "-5", "-4", "-3". , (, N 22, 23, 28). ( ) , , . 4, , "-2", "-1", "0".

8. -2: r; r.

, , (. 4, 15/34), . 5, 3. , . "-2", "-1" "0" .

, , ("-1" "-2") (. 5, . 2), ; "0", . , (. 5, "-5" "-4"; 4 5).

, , , (. 5, 6; , . 11), ( 7 8), . , (0.1, 9) (2.0, 10), .

. 69

6. , (, n = 391), (, n = 387) (, n = 778)

r
t -
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1   95% :
.1 .1 .2 .5 .8 .9 5.19 2.59 7.79 3.90 9.5 × 10 -5 +
.1 .1 .5 1.0 1.3 1.5 2.46 .77 4.15 2.86 .004 +
.1 .1 .3 1.3 1.4 1.6 8.17 4.65 11.69 4.55 3.5 × 10 -6 +

----- : . 4. . 4, N 15/34.

, ( "0"), ("1"), ("0" "1"), , . 6. , , ( ), () "" (), , , . . .

r 7.5, H 0, , - .

, . , , - "2" -"3" , .

1. . 3 . (. 3). ANOVA post-hoc r ; . , (1) ; (2) , , , . (. 4 - 6).

( , ) , . (. [39]), [2, 5].

2. . , , , . ,

. 70

,

( H 5? 1 - H 5'' 0, . 7.5). - , . , , , .

, , , , - . , () , (. 4, . 7). ( ) .

3. . , . , ( . 4 5), . 3, 5 ( 15/34 18/30 . 4), , . , , .

"0", "-1" "-2", , (. 5, 3). , , , . , , "" , - (. 6). , , , , .. . . : ( , ) , (. , . 6). , , . ( ) . , , 178 [3], , .

1, 2, 3, 4 (. ""), .

4. . , , . , ( "-3"), , .

, , , - "-3". (. 3) (. 4), (. 5), (. 6).

. 71

"-3" (. 4 5), , (. 5, ). "-2", "-1", "0" (. 5, ). , "-3" , , .. . , , () [39].

, , , . , , , . "-3" , ; "-3 ÷ 0" . . , (. 3).

, XIX ., , , (. [4, 14, 37]). . , , ; .

, , (., , [18, 23]: "-3" "-2" (. 6). ,

. . : " , - . " [18, . 61]. , , , , .

. , ( ) , , [2] ; [28].

5. . , [18]. , , . (. "", 2), , , (. [16]); , "AND" [5]. , [6], - , , . , , ( ), (. 1), , [26, 33].

. , 15 [10]. . 8 [13, . 151]. - - ,

. 72

, . . , , , , , . : , , , , .

, . , - - , - , . , [8, 38]. , , , , - - () , . - ( ). , .

, . , , 2 - 3 , , . 2 - 3 , . , , , . , , , , - (" ") (" ").

, , , " " (. [17]). , , .

, , . , (, , ) (, , ) (, [44]).

, , -. , , , , . , -

. 8. . , , - [13, . 151].

. 73

" ", XIX - XX . , , " " , , .

, , . , -, , , -, "" . , , , , ().

: (1) , , , ; (2) ; (3) / (, ), .

1. , , () . 2 - 3 , .





:


: 2016-12-06; !; : 351 |


:

:

. .
==> ...

1648 - | 1582 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.119 .