, ,
6.4.3. Қ ң ә ң .
6.4.4. ғ қ ң қ.
6.4.5. қң , ә ү
6.4.6. Қ қ, құ ә
6.4.7. қң ә қ Қ ң өң ң қ қ ң.
* ғ ә ү
6.5. қ ә: ң қң ә, қ ә ; ү ққ, қ, ү ә ү ұқ, , ү ө; қ ұ; ғ ө ә ү, ғ ғ ұ, қ ө.
6.6. Ә:
:
6.6.1. Ққ .Ө., .. қ (ә ғ). : , 2008. .21-41.
6.6.2. .., .. . ., 2003. . 17-40.
6.6.3. . . .. .: , 2006. . 52-53.
6.6.4. Ққ .Ө., ұ Ұ.Ә. қ-қ ң -ққ ө. : , 2012. 112 .
Қ:
6.6.5. .. . : .. -, 2007. .110-122.
6.6.6. .., .. . ., 2003. . 11-16.
6.6.7. . . .. 2- . .: , 2004. .1. . 234-242.
6.6.8. .., .. . . -- , 2002. .106-116.
6.6.9. : . / ., . -, . : . . . . ; . . . . .- ., -, 2010. . 203-205.
6.7. қ:
() құ ғ
6.7.1.1. қ ұқ ұ.
6.7.1.2. қ 3 ұқ 10 ұқ.
6.7.1.3. қ ә ғ ә
6.7.2. ә ғ құ ғ:
6.7.2.1. :
-Қ ң (Ққ .Ө., .. қ (ә ғ), 9 , 23 .
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- Қ -ң ә ң (Ққ .Ө., .. қ (ә ғ), 11 , 25 .
ғ.
Қ ө ұ:
3 .. .... 5 .қ Қ өң ә ғ Қ ң ң құ ң. ң қ қ, қ ң өң.
6.7.2.3. Қ қ ң қ .
| ү | Қ | |
| 1. | ||
| 2. | SSB - | |
| 3. | ||
| 4. | Қ - | |
| 5. | ||
| 6. | Қ - | |
| 7. |
6.7.2.4. ң қ ә ң қ Қ өң ұ ү ә .
6.7.3. қ ұқ:
6.7.3.1. қң ә ү
6.7.3.2. ң Қ ң .
Ү ү ө:
| Ққ | ғ | |
| Қ ң ү | Replication process of doubling of DNA molecule | |
| Replicon unit of replication | ||
| Қ-ң ү ң ң қ Қ-ң ққ | , , | Primer short (oligonucleotide) fragment of RNA, synthesizing before replication and using for initiation of synthesis of daughter chain |
| - Қ-ң ң ң қ | - , | DNA-polimerase enzyme, taking part on synthesis of daughter chain of DNA |
| қ Қ-ң ң Қ ң | , | Okasaki fragments fragments of daughter chain of DNA, synthesizing on lagging chain of maternal DNA |
| Қ ә қ ң | , | hromatin material of chromosomes, consisting mainly from DNA and proteins |
| ң ұ қ қ, Қ-ң қ қ | , , | Telomeres repetitive sequence of DNA located on the ends of chromosomes not containing genes |
| қ Қ ң ң ұ, қ ә қ | , , | Telomerase specific enzyme lengthening daughter chain of DNA, are active in malignant tumors and other cells |
| қ ң ғ ғ ә ү | () - | Leading strand strand synthesized continuously and along the direction of replication fork. |
| (қ) қ ң ғ қ ғ ә ү-ү | () | Lagging strand strand synthesized discontinuously and against the direction of replication fork. |
| Қ-ң қ ң әқ ң ү ү | - () | Semi-conservativeness each original (maternal) DNA chain acts as a template for synthesis of a daughter chain |
| қ Қ ң ң ң ң ң ү | - , | Complementarity biosynthesis of daughter DNA chains is based on complementary pairing of adenine with thymine, and guanine with cytosine |
| Қ ң қ қ-қ ғ | - | Antiparallelity -synthesis of a daughter DNA strand happens in the direction opposite to the direction of maternal chain |
| ғ- ң ң 5¢-3¢ғ | - 5¢-3¢ | Unipolarity synthesis of complementary daughter strands is always in the 5 to 3 direction |
| Ү Қ ң қ , | - , | Discontinuousness replication starts simultaneously at several points of a DNA molecule, which are later joined in a continuous chain |
| ұқ қ қң -қ ғң ү Қ-Қ- Қ--Қ- Қ қ- | -- --- - | Generaltransfer of hereditary information occurs in cells of all living organisms DNA-DNA replication DNA-mRNA transcription RNA-protein translation |
| ұқ қ қң қғ ү Қ-Қ- Қ--Қ- Қ қ- | -- -- - | Specializedtransfer of hereditary information occurs in cells infected with a virus RNA-RNA replication RNA-DNA transcription DNA-protein translation |
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Құғ: қ ..
4 -ә қ
