Неопределенные местоимения

Indefinite Pronouns

Местоимения some, any, no и их производные

	Some, any, no	+ thing	+ body	+ one	+ where
Утвердительные предложения	some некоторый, какой-то, какой-нибудь, несколько	something что-то, что-нибудь	somebody someone кто-то, кто-нибудь	somewhere где-то, где-нибудь, куда-то, куда-нибудь
any всякий, любой	anything всё	anybody anyone всякий, все	anywhere везде, повсюду
Вопросительные предложения	any какой-нибудь	anything что-то, что-нибудь	anybody anyone кто-то, кто-нибудь	anywhere где-то, где-нибудь, куда-то, куда-нибудь
Отрицательные предложения	no = not … any никакой, ни один	nothing = not … anything ничто, ничего	nobody = not … anybody no one none никто	nowhere = not … anywhere нигде, никуда

 

She asked me some questions.	Она задала мне несколько вопросов.
Have you got any interesting books?	У тебя есть какие-нибудь интересные книги?
Somebody has taken my pen.	Кто-то взял мою ручку.
There isn’t anything on the table.	На столе ничего нет.

 

Exercise 12.

Underline the correct item.

 

Model:

Give me some /any hot water, please. Have you bought some/ any milk?

 

1.	I hardly know somebody / anybody here.
2.	You can buy postcards at any / no post office.
3.	Among all the people who came to the party she cared for anybody / nobody.
4.	It was a great concert. Everybody / somebody enjoyed it.
5.	Have they got any / some objections to our proposal?
6.	Some / every day he will achieve great success.
7.	Somebody / everybody who went to Egypt spent a good time.
8.	Are you going anywhere / nowhere these summer holidays?
9.	I want to go somewhere / anywhere but I don’t have no/any money.

 

Exercise 13.

Fill in anyone / anybody, any, anything, no one / nobody, something, some, someone / somebody.

 

Model:

Are there any extra chairs in the other classroom?

 

1.	The chairman didn’t get suggestions from ____ in the audience.
2.	I didn’t have ____ trouble with my report last night.
3.	Did you see ____in the hall outside the office?
4.	The secretary is speaking to ____ on the phone now.
5.	He didn’t say ____ to the boss about his plans.
6.	The girls didn’t buy ____ at the store today.
7.	____ knows a thing about this except you and me.
8.	There’s ____ for you on the desk in your room.
9.	There will be ____ in the office before 9 a.m.
10.	The children are eating ____ ice-cream in the kitchen.

 

Exercise 14.

Correct the mistakes in the sentences if it’s necessary.

 

1.	Someone left the door open.
2.	Did someone ring me up?
3.	Did anyone come here while I was out?
4.	I don’t have no milk left. Go and buy some.
5.	Have you spoken to somebody about it?
6.	What would you like: apple or banana? – Oh, some will do. It doesn’t really matter.
7.	We didn’t meet anybody in the corridor.
8.	I don’t need someone’s help. I’m a self – sufficient person.
9.	In winter there are some flowers in the street.

 

Much, many, few, little

 

Местоимения many и much имеют значение много, few и little имеют значение мало. Many и few употребляются с исчисляемыми существительными, much и little употребляются с неисчисляемыми существительными, например, с названиями веществ и абстрактными понятиями:

 

many books	много книг
few books	мало книг
much iron	много железа
little iron	мало железа

 

Many и much обычно употребляются в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях. В утвердительных предложениях они употребляются главным образом со словами very, too, so:

 

I could not permit him to take so much labour upon himself.

Я не мог допустить, чтобы он взял на себя такой большой труд.

 

В утвердительных предложениях в значении many употребляются такие выражения: a lot (of), lots (of), plenty (of), a (large, great) number (of); в значении much – a lot (of), a (large, great) quantity (of), a good (great) deal (of):

There seemed a good deal of luggage when we put it all together.

Багажа оказалось много, когда мы его сложили весь вместе.

A few, a little несколько, немного обозначают наличие небольшого количества, т. е. имеют положительное значение, в то время как few, little мало, немного подчеркивают недостаточность количества, т. е. имеют отрицательное значение:

 

There is a little milk.	Есть немного молока.
There is little milk.	Молока мало.
She has a few friends.	У неё есть несколько друзей.
She has few friends.	У неё мало друзей.

 

Exercise 15.

Fill in much, many.

 

Model:

That program has much advertising and many interruptions.

 

1.	That work took ____time. It was ____trouble for us.
2.	You drank too ____ coffee and eat too ____ sandwiches last night.
3.	Frank receives ____ e-mails from his friends and relatives.
4.	You didn’t invite very ____ guests.
5.	The waitress put too ____ cream and sugar in my coffee.
6.	The students had ____ difficulties with the translation.
7.	The radio is very loud now. It is making ____ noise.
8.	He spoke too fast and used too ____ hard words for me.

 

Exercise 16.

Fill in few, a few, little, a little.

 

Model:

Would you like a little milk in your tea? And, please, have a few sweets, too.

 

1.	I have ____ time, so let’s go for walk.
2.	I don’t think she is a good teacher, she has got ____ patience.
3.	____ can afford to buy house abroad.
4.	____ people can play golf perfectly.
5.	He went to ____ parties and enjoyed all of them.
6.	She made ____ corrections to my business plan.
7.	Did you have a chance to say ____ words to the boss before the meeting?
8.	His ideas are very complex, and ____ people can understand them.
9.	____ knowledge is a dangerous thing.

One

 

Местоимение one выражает неопределенное лицо и употребляется в качестве подлежащего в неопределенно-личных или безличных предложениях:

 

One never knows what may happen.	Никогда не знаешь, что может случиться.
One should do it.	Следует это сделать.
One should not neglect one ’ s duty.	Не следует пренебрегать своими обязанностями.

Слово-заместитель one употребляется вместо ранее упомянутого существительного, чтобы избежать повторения. Перед ним может стоять артикль, оно может употребляться в форме множественного числа:

 

Which pencils will you take? – Theredones.

Какие карандаши вы возьмете? – Красные (карандаши).

Exercise 17.

Supply one, ones. Think where these pronouns can be omitted.

1.	Which trousers would you like to try on? – The ____ which are on the mannequin.
2.	Which trainers fit you the best? – The red ____.
3.	____ never expects that a miracle can happen.
4.	Pass me the glass, please. – Which ____?
5.	____ should think twice.
6.	I’d like to order one of the salads from the menu. – This ____ or that ____?
7.	I’d like to buy the book about databases. – The ____ you need is out of stock right now.
8.	____ shouldn’t forget ____ responsibility inside the family.

Exercise 18.

Rewrite the sentences in brackets so that the noun is not repeated. Use oneor ones.

Model:

These plates are nice. Each one is hand-painted. (Each plate is hand-painted.)

1.	I need to fill in a form about my academic progress, but ____ (I haven’t got a form.)
2.	I’ve watched all these films. ____ (I must get some new films.)
3.	These workbooks are very useful. ____ (Have you seen this workbook?)
4.	I need a dinner-jacket for the party, so ____ (I’ve hired a dinner-jacket.)
5.	Those trousers are horrible ____ (Can’t you find any nice trousers?)
6.	This GPS-navigator on your mobile phone isn’t very good____ (The navigator in the car is better.