.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





 

( , ) . :

1) , ;

2) , .

I. [i:], [α:], [ɔ:], [u:], [ә:] . , : [ә'pα:t] apart [pα'tı∫n] partition. [aυ] ['aυtleı] outlay , [aυt'leı].

, , : [lı:d] lead, ['lıdә] leader; [α:sk] ask, ['αskıŋ]; : [α:t] art ['αtfυl] artful ['αtfυlı] artfully.

, , :['bı:f'steık] beefsteak.

II. :

1) ;

2) ;

3) .

see [ı:] seed [ı∙] seat [ı]

:

pill [ı∙] pick [ı]

, , , . , [bı:∙t] beat , [ı] [bıd] bid.

:

 

1- (endlessly long) 2- (comparatively short) 3- (quite short)
kα: kα:d / kα:m ka∙t
--- kid / kil kit
kei keid / keim keit

, .

 

sı: - sı:d sı∙t sıt kα: - kα:d kα∙t - kʌt sә: - sә:v sә∙f hı∙z hı∙mmm hıs

fı: - fı:d fı∙t fit ko: - kɔ:d kɔ∙t kɔt se∙d se∙lll set mʌ∙d mʌ∙mm - mʌst

bı: - bı:d bı∙t bit lu: - lu:z lu∙s - lυk lɔ∙b lɔ∙lll - lɔs wυ∙d wυ∙lll lυk

 

wә:k 'wә∙kә teık - 'teıkıŋ sı: - 'sı∙ıŋ α:t 'α∙tfυl - 'αtfυlı

lә:n 'lә∙nıŋ fαınd - 'fαındıŋ mαunt - 'mαuntıŋ α:m 'α∙mә - 'αmәmәnt

 

UNIT 7

 

[ı:] - () () ; long tense unrounded front close (high) diphthongoid of narrow variation. , , , . : [ı], [i] [j].

[t] - - () ; forelingual apical alveolar occlusive plosive voiceless (fortis) oral consonant. , . [t] [] [th].

[d] - - () ; forelingual apical alveolar occlusive plosive voiced (lenis) oral consonant. , . [d] [t]. [] [d] .

[p] - - () ; bilabial occlusive plosive voiceless (fortis) oral consonant. , , . [p] [ph]. , .

[b] - - () ; bilabial occlusive plosive voiced (lenis) oral consonant. , , . [b] .

[s] - () ; forelingual apical alveolar constrictive fricative noise voiceless (fortis) oral consonant.

[z] - () ; forelingual apical alveolar constrictive fricative noise voiced (lenis) oral consonant. [s] [z] , . [s] [z] [] [] - .

[f] - () ; labiodental constrictive noise fricative voiceless (fortis) oral consonant. , . [f] , .

[v] - () ; labiodental constrictive noise fricative voiced (lenis) oral consonant. [f]. [v] .

[m] - - ; bilabial occlusive nasal sonorant. , , , , .

[n] - - ; forelingual apical- alveolar occlusive nasal sonorant. , , . [] - .

[h] - () ; constrictive fricative glottal voiceless consonant. [h] , , . . [] , .

 

 

Ex. 1

sı: fı: bı: hı: pı: nı:

sı:d fı:d bı:d hı:d pı:z nı:z

sı:t fı:t bı:t hı:t pı:s nı:s

 

. :

1. .

2. ( [i:].

3. - [t], [d], [n].

4. [p], [t] .

5. , .

 

Ex.2

Meet. Feel. Feed. Veal. Mean. Heal. Steal.

Ap'peal. Es'teem. In'deed.'Seaman. 'Frequency.

Re'treave. Re'veal. Ma'chine. Ex'tremes.

'Creature. 'Freeman. 'Leaflet.

 

Ex.3

The eagles. The easel. The evening.

The East. The epoch. The easiness.

The emu. The East End. The eaves.

The easterness. The eels. The ease.

 

Ex.4

1. 'Each 'man 'took his 'kit to the 'end of the 'quay.

2. I 'wish 'Eve could 'get them 'all to a'gree.

3. Its 'easier to 'speak than to 'read.

4. 'How many 'people have you in'vited to the 'meeting?

5. We 'dont ex'pect to 'leave till this 'evening.

6. I would 'like to 'see some 'tweed, please.

7. I 'feel it my 'duty to 'speak to his 'teacher.

8. After 'reading for only 'three 'minutes he 'fell into a 'deep 'sleep.

 

UNIT 8

 

[ı] - () () ; short lax unrounded front-retracted close (high) monophthong of broad variation. , , , [], , . [], .

[k] - () ; backlingual velar occlusive plosive voiceless (fortis) oral consonant. , . [k] [k] [kh].

[g] - () ;backlingual velar occlusive plosive voiced (lenis) oral consonant. , . [g] []. .

[l] - - () ; forelingual apical alveolar lateral constrictive sonorant. , . [l] : () . . () [ł] . , .. .

[r] - ; forelingual post-alveolar cacuminal median constrictive sonorant. () , . [r] , .

[ŋ] - ; backlingual velar occlusive nasal sonorant. [g]. , , . [ŋ] k g ng, nk (, so ng [sɔŋ], mo nk ey ['mʌŋkı]). , ng [ŋ] [g] (, jungle [ʤʌŋgl]). [ŋg] :

1) [ŋg] , [ŋ]: string [strıŋ];

2) [ŋg] : finger ['fıŋgə], angry ['æŋgrı], English ['ıŋglıʃ];

3) [ŋg] , ng: stronger ['strɔŋgə], longest ['lɔŋgəst].

(assimilation) . , , , . . ; (progressive), (regressive) (reciprocal) .

, . , . , [pr, kr, fr, sr, ʃr] [p,k,f,s, ʃ] [r] : ['prızn], [krı:d], [frı:], [ʃrıl].

() . , [tr] [t] [r], [r] [t], , . . , , [ʃ]: [trı:], [dr] [ʒ]: [drı:m].

(lateral plosion) , [l]: [tl], [dl]. , , , , . .

 

Ex. 1

ıt ıs ız ın pınnn pıłłł tınnn dınnn bıd tıp rıp sıt sı:t sık sı:k fit fı:t

ıłłł lıp fıłłł tıłłł bıłłł mılk lıst sınnn zıŋk kıŋŋ lıp lı:p kıl kı:l lıd lı:d

'lıkıŋ 'klıpıŋ 'drıpıŋ 'vızıtıŋ 'prıntıŋ 'fıksıŋ kın kı:n bıt bı:t pıl pı:l

 

. :

1. [ı], [ı:].

2. [ı], [ı:].

3. - [t], [d], [n].

4. [p], [t], [k] .

5. .

6. [l] .

7. [dr] [pr].

 

Ex. 2

sıŋ stıŋ rıŋ sprıŋ kıŋ klıŋ brıŋ sın sıŋ klıŋ klıŋk 'klıŋıŋ - 'klıŋkıŋ

sıŋs stıŋs rıŋs sprıŋs kıŋs klıŋs brıŋs kın kıŋ stıŋ stıŋk 'stıŋıŋ - 'stıŋkıŋ

'sıŋıŋ 'stıŋıŋ 'rıŋıŋ 'sprıŋıŋ 'klıŋıŋ 'brıŋıŋ pın pıŋ sıŋ - sıŋk 'sıŋıŋ - 'sıŋkıŋ

 

. :

1. [ŋ] [n].

2. [g] [ŋ] .

3. , [p,t,k] [s]: sprıŋ, stıŋ.

 

Ex. 3

rıp trıp drı:m - trı: drıp - trıp

rıŋ sprıŋ 'brıtı ʃ - 'prıtı drıll - trıll

rı:d - krı:d grım - krı:m drıb - trık

rı:zn prızn vrıl - frı: drı:m - trı:t

 

Ex. 4

ıtl lıtl mıdl medl 'dedlı setl ketl

ət lı:st ıtl bı: ıt lı:dz strı:t laɪtnıŋ

 

. , [tl], [dl] , , .

 

Ex. 5

In'finitive. 'Immigrant. Impossi'bility. In'scription.

In'difference. In'finity. In'dignity. 'Institute.

The Indies. The industry. The insects.

The issue. The impulse. The imports.

 

Ex. 6

True insight. Primary interest. Deadly illness.

New issue. Steady income. Lovely image.

Mighty ocean. Filthy abuse. Clumsy effort.

Primary object. Costly operation. Deadly accuracy.

Ex. 7

1. If you 'want 'this one itll 'cost you 'triple.

2. He will 'get to the 'cinema with 'six 'minutes to 'spare.

3. It is im'possible for him to 'get there in 'six 'minutes.

4. 'Jim 'seems 'ignorant of 'even the 'simplest 'facts of 'English 'history.

5. The 'building is situ'ated near a 'big 'cliff.

6. 'Tim 'didnt 'get there in 'winter, 'did he?

7. 'When youve 'finished it, 'give me a 'ring.

8. Its 'difficult to contra'dict him.

 

 

UNIT 9

[e] - () () ; short lax unrounded front mid-open monophthong of narrow variation. , , , . [], , .

 

 

Ex. 1

end eb eg elm end els 'eni 'epik beg bıg bed bıd - bı:d

men sed bed get net ges felt pebl 'pepə den dın pet pıt - pɪ:t

'betə 'bedıŋ 'merı 'menı 'redı 'refərəns ded dıd ten tın - tɪ:n

 

. :

1. .

2. [e], [ı] [ı:].

3. [p], [t], [k].

 

Ex. 2

Ef'fect. E'jection. E'lection. Epi'demic.

E'xecutive. In'tention. Re'ception. De'tection

The editor. The elders. The elements.

The elephant. The emblem. The emperor.

 

Ex. 3

Silly error. Busy editor. Grumpy elder.

Extra effort. Many men. Happy end.

Any reference. Primary element. Dirty entrance.

Military escort. Mighty empire. Ugly episode.

 

 

Ex. 4

1. 'Edgar 'said hed 'wait for her at the 'entrance.

2. 'When did you 'last 'tell your 'friend to 'send it?

3. 'Is that the 'gent who 'sent you the 'letter?

4. I 'think youd better 'tell the 'rest of them.

5. Theres 'plenty of 'time to 'get it 'settled.

6. You 'mustnt 'think 'Jeff 'read me 'everything.

7. Hes 'telling me he 'isnt 'ready yet.

8. 'Ed 'couldnt 'mend it 'very 'well.

 

[æ] - () () ; half-long tense unrounded front open (low) monophthong of broad variation. , , , , . [] [], .

 

 

Ex. 5

dæd læd sæd lænd stænd æt læs bæd bed 'lætə - 'letə bın - ben - bæn

sæd sæt pæd pæt 'sændı tæn - ten 'kætl - 'ketl dıd ded - dæd

æd æt tæg tæk 'dædı mæn men 'bætə - 'betə pın pen - pæn

æz æs læb læp 'lædə bæk bek blænd blend hıd hed - hæd

 

. :

1. [æ] (, ) .

2. [æ], [e ] [ı].

3. [t] [s]: stænd.

 

 

Ex. 6

A'cademy. At'tachment. At'tack. A'nalogy.

Un'natural. A'nalysis. Inter'national. 'Fantasy.

E'lastic. Re'action. 'Gallery. An'tagonism.

The atmosphere. The altitude. The abstract.

The attitude. The antonym. The adjective.

 

 

Ex. 7

Easy access. Beastly appetite. Silly ass.

Deadly accuracy. Literary amateur. Easy atmosphere.

Lively action. Icy anger. Dusty attic.

Deadly arrow. Filthy alley. Far-away ancestor.

 

Ex. 8

1. 'Barrat 'said hed 'wait for 'Ann on the 'platform.

2. You can 'easily 'catch the 'last 'bus for 'Barrow.

3. Is 'that the 'man who at'tacked you?

4. 'Baxters the 'last 'man to 'want to 'sack you.

5. Im a'fraid 'Jack 'didnt under'stand your 'plan.

6. The 'man 'put his bag on the 'rack.

7. 'Hasnt 'Allen 'given you his 'racket?

8. 'Jack can 'do it 'that 'way.

 

UNIT 10

[ ʌ ] - () () ; short lax unrounded back-advanced open (low) monophthong of narrow variation. , , . . [] .

 

Ex. 1

pʌn bʌn dʌl tʌn kʌp kʌt dʌst 'mʌnı kʌb - kæb

'ʌ∫ ə 'ʌglı 'ʌlsə 'ʌŋkl ʌp'set 'hʌnı sʌk - sæk

bʌd - bʌt dʌg - dʌk hʌg - hʌk 'dʌstı tʌn - tæn

kʌd - kʌt mʌg - mʌk hʌn - hʌ∫ 'fʌnı fʌn fæn

 

. :

1. .

2. [p], [t], [k].

 

Ex. 2

'Grudge. 'Lumber. 'Puddle. Lunch.

'Function. 'Submarine. 'Hurry. 'Mutton.

A'bundance. 'Bungalow. 'Summit. 'Number.

The uncle. The umbrella. The usher.

The upland. The undercoat. The underground.

 

Ex. 3

Wealthy uncle. Hilly upland. Slow upgrowth.

Low undertone. Very unjust. Horribly ugly.

Cruelly unjust. Sadly unhappy. Shyly uneasy.

 

Ex. 4

1. 'Ask 'Buck if hed 'like a'nother 'lump of 'sugar.

2. 'Rutt 'wont ar'rive before 'lunch on 'Sunday.

3. 'Mother 'told her 'not to 'come.

4. 'Dont 'touch this 'money till 'next 'month.

5. She was as 'snug as a 'bug in a 'rug.

6. 'Something must be 'done to 'save the 'funds.

7. With 'utmost 'care my 'uncle un'wrapped the 'bundle.

8. There 'wasnt much 'sunshine in 'London on 'Monday.

 

[a:] () () ; long tense unrounded back open (low) monophthong of broad variation. , , , . [] .

[t∫] - - () ;

forelingual palato-alveolar occlusive voiceless (fortis) affricate.

[ʤ] - - () ;

forelingual palato-alveolar occlusive voiced (lenis) affricate. , [t] [d], [ʃ] [ʒ]. , . , , . [t∫] []. [ʤ] . [ʤ], .

(nasal plosion) , [n]: [tn], [dn]. , , , .

 

Ex. 5

a: ba: ka: sta: a:m ba:d ka:d sta:v pa:k - pʌk

fa: - fa:m fa:st t∫a: - t∫a:lz - t∫a:t ma:t∫ - mʌt∫

ta: - 'ta:dı ta:t ka: - 'ka:bən ka:p da:k - dʌk

ska: - 'ska:lıt ska:f ka: - 'ka:gəu 'ka:stə la:st - lʌst

 

. :

1. [a:].

2. [a:] [ʌ] .

3. [p], [t], [k] [s].

 

 

Ex. 6

t∫ɪ:z t∫ɪk t∫es t∫æp t∫a:t 't∫ʌbɪ t∫ɪ:p - ʤɪ:p et∫ - eʤ

ɪt∫ dɪt∫ fet∫ kæt∫ mʌt∫ 'lekt∫ə 'mɪkst∫ə 'kʌlt∫ə t∫ɪn - ʤɪn rɪt∫ - rɪʤ

ʤɪ:p ʤɪm ʤest ʤæm ʤa: ʤʌst t∫ʌg - ʤʌg bæt∫ - bæʤ

brɪʤ eʤ bæʤ la:ʤ 'mærɪʤɪz t∫a:ʤd mɪs'ʤʌʤd t∫a: - ʤa: ma:t∫ - ma:ʤ

 

. :

1. [t∫] [].

2. [ʤ].

 

Ex. 7

ɪ:tn mɪtn kɪtn bʌtn pætn ɪ:tıŋ - ɪ:tn

't∫ʌtnɪ ət naɪt raɪt nau pa:t naɪn 'bɪdıŋ - bɪdn

hɪdn rɪdn sʌdn pa:dn 'glædnəs 'pætıŋ - pætn

'kɪdnɪ dɪdnt red neɪlz gud naɪt 'rɪ:dıŋ - rɪdn

 

. , [tn], [dn] , , .

 

Ex. 8

A'partment. Mous'tache. E'xample. 'Sharpness.

Com'mander. 'Argument. Dis'armament.

'Bar-room. Cardinal. 'Darling.

The armament. The architect. The artery.

The Argentine. The article. The artist.

 

Ex. 9

Pretty garden. True artist. Tiny artery. Large net.

Gloomy Arctic. Heavy arm-chair. Low archway.

Enemy army. Crafty architect. Showy article.

 

Ex. 10

1. 'Archie 'asked to 'wait for him in the 'park.

2. 'Hasnt 'Father 'asked 'Martin to 'mow the 'grass?

3. I 'think Id 'rather 'ask my 'aunt.

4. Weve 'asked the 'Archers to 'come to the 'party.

5. 'Father 'asked him 'not to 'park his 'car 'there.

6. 'Garths the 'last 'person to 'want to 'bargain.

7. The 'barman was 'smart, but 'not so 'smart as 'Charlies 'aunt.

8. He 'asked 'Parker to 'drive the 'car as 'fast as he 'could.

 

 

UNIT 11

[ɔ] - () () ; short lax rounded back open (low) monophthong of broad variation. , , , . [o] . [] , , , .

 

Ex. 1

ɔn ɔd ɔf dɔg hɔg bɔg kɔk stɔp da:k dɔk kɔp - kʌp

tɔm dɔl dɔn ∫ɔn gɔn sɔŋ lɔŋ pa:t pɔt rɔb - rʌb

nɔd nɔt mɔb mɔp lɔg - lɔk frɔg frɔk ha:p hɔp mɔk - mʌk

'kɔfi 'sɔrı 'dɔktə 'lɔbstə 'strɔŋgə ga:d gɔd hɔt - hʌt

 

. :

1. .

2. [p], [t], [k].

3. .

4. [r] [f, t] frɔg, strɔŋgə.

 

 

Ex. 2

'Follower. 'Politics. 'Honesty. 'Blossom.

'Goggles. 'Godmother. 'Locker. 'Stocking.

A'pollo. E'xotic. A'pology. Au'tonomy. 'Knock-down.

The octopus. The office. The oranges.

The object. The obstacle. The opposite.

 

Ex. 3

Very obstinate. New office. Friendly offer.

Funny opera. Solitary object. Likely odds.

Gloomy onlookers. Army officer. Lucky offspring.

 

Ex. 4

1. This is the 'very 'spot where 'Tom 'lost his 'watch.

2. 'Rons 'got a 'cough, so 'Don will 'do the 'shopping.

3. He 'flew from 'Ottawa to 'Moscow in 'three 'hops.

4. Ive 'got to 'solve a 'very 'knotty 'problem.

5. He had a 'lot of 'bother 'getting to his 'office be'cause of the 'thick 'fog.

6. I 'want a 'bottle of 'ink, some 'blotting-paper, and 'three 'box-files.

7. This 'cloth 'wants 'washing.

8. 'Tell 'Oliver to 'knock me 'up at 'six o'clock.

 

 

[ɔ:] - () () ; long tense rounded back mid-open monophthong of narrow variation. , , [ɔ], .

[r] (linking [r]). , [r], , , [r] : father͜͜͜͜͜ ͜ and a mother [ə 'fa:ðər ͜ ənd ə 'mʌðə]; more ͜ and more [mɔ:r ͜ ənd mɔ:].

.

 

Ex. 5

ɔ: kɔ: tɔ: pɔ: ∫ɔ: lɔ: flɔ: nɔ:t - nɔt kɔ: - ka:

fɔ:- fɔ:m fɔ:k 'fɔ:tı ∫ɔ:t - ∫ɔp pɔ:t pa:t

∫ɔ: - ∫ɔ:d - ∫ɔ:l - ∫ɔ:t spɔ:t - spɔt fɔ:m fa:m

ɔ:l 'ɔ:də 'ɔ:ful 'ɔ:gəst 'ɔ:təm bɔ:d - 'bɔdı bɔ:d ba:d

 

. :

1. .

2. [p], [t], [k].

3. [ɔ:,ɔ], [ɔ: - ɔ] .

 

Ex. 6

'Boarder. 'Norway. 'Flooring. 'Portal.

'Footsore. 'Normandy. 'Torso. 'Porcupine.

Re'sort. Dis'cord. De'formity. Ab'normal.

The order. The orchestra. The organist.

The oarsmen. The orbit. The organizer.

 

Ex. 7

Planetary orbit. Bodily organ. Healthy organism.

Lonely orphan. Showy ornament. Highly organized.

Costly ore. New orchestra. New order.

 

Ex. 8

1. Your 'daughters are 'all 'tall.

2. This per'formance 'always 'draws a 'large 'audience.

3. 'Have you 'read the extra'ordinary 'story they are 'all 'talking a'bout?

4. That 'tall 'girls my 'daughter.

5. I a'dore her 'more and 'more.

6. 'Could you 'show me the 'shortest 'way to the 'port?

7. I 'caught a 'cold when I 'walked a'long the 'shore.

8. They 'cant af'ford to 'buy any 'more.

 

 

UNIT 12

[υ] - () () ; short lax rounded back-advanced close (high) monophthong of broad variation. , , . [] .

[ʃ] - () ; forelingual apical palato-alveolar constrictive noise fricative voiceless (fortis) consonant.

[ʒ] - - () ; forelingual apical palato-alveolar constrictive noise fricative voiced (lenis) consonant. , , , [ʃ] [ʒ] [] []. , .

[w] - - ; backlingual bilabial median constrictive sonorant. , . . . . [] , .

[tw], [kw]. [tw], [kw] [t] [k] - [w], [t] [k] [w]: twenty ['twentɪ], quite [kwaɪt]. , , : [t] [w].

 

Ex. 1

gυd kυd rυm fυl bυk pυt lυk pυl pɔ:l lυk lɔk

wυd wυlf '∫υgə 'bυlıt bυ∫ 'gυdnəs fυl fɔ:l bυl bɔks

pυl pυt fυl fυt bυl bυk kυk kɔ:k pυt pɔt

hυd hυk '∫υgə - 'kυkə 'pυdıŋ - pυtıŋ tυk tɔ:k wυl wɔt

 

. :

1. .

2. [p], [k].

3. [ɔ:,ɔ], [ɔ: - ɔ] .

 

Ex. 2

ʃɪ:p ʃɪp ∫elf ∫æl ∫υt ∫ɔ:t ʃɔp 'meʒә 'leʒә 'pleʒә 'treʒә

fɪʃ dɪ∫ dæ∫ smæ∫ bυ∫ hʌ∫ wɔ∫ 'vɪʒn dɪ'sɪʒn kәn'fju:ʒn ɪn'veɪʒn

'fɪ∫ɪz 'dɪ∫ɪz 'læ∫ɪz 'spe∫әl 'fi∫әmәn ə'keɪʒn ɪks'pləuʒn 'ʒæbəu reɪ'ʒɪ:m

æm'bi∫әs 'næ∫әnәl pe'mi∫n 'pen∫n 'rʌ∫ә 'mɪrɑ:ʒ 'gærɑ:ʒ ru:ʒ 'ʒɑ:nrә pres'tɪ:ʒ

 

. :

1. [∫] [].

2. [∫] .

3. [ʒ] .

 

Ex. 3

wɪ: wɪ:dɪ wɪ:k wɪn wɪsl welp wen wæks wɪ: - vɪ: wɔ:lt - vɔ:lt

wɔ: wɔ:m wɔ:tə wɔz wɔsp 'wɔrən wud wul 'wɪntə - 'vɪntə waɪn - vaɪn

'wʌndə 'wʌrɪ 'ɔ:lwɪz wɔt'evə 'wɔndərə west vest wau vau

 

a piece of wood five windows save water wise advice

a glass of water twelve willows drive well fireworks

a bottle of wine half wasted behave well fair war

Have we any paper? Have we any milk? Have we any sweets?

 

. :

1. [w], [v] .

2. , [w].

3. - [w] - [v].

 

 

Ex. 4

twɪst twelve 'twædl 'nɪtwɪt bɪ'twɪ:n swɪ:t 'wɔ:tə wɪn - twɪn wɪt - kwɪt wɪŋ - swɪŋ

kwɪ:n kwɪk kwesʧn 'ɔ:kwəd rɪ'kwest 'ɪ:kwəl wɪʧ - twɪʧ west kwest wɔʃ - swɔʃ

swɪm swet swæm swɔt pə'sweɪd 'hauswaɪf wɪ:d -twɪ:d 'wɔ:tə - 'kwɔ:tə wɔ:m - swɔ:m

 

. :

1. [w] [s].

2. [w] [t] [k], [t] [k] [w].

 

 

Ex. 5

'Pull-up. 'Sugar-bush. 'Footsteps. 'Woodwork.

'Woolsack. 'Bushman. 'Bookie. 'Goodwill.

'Pussy-cat. 'Pushing. 'Cook-room. 'Cushion.

'Underwood. 'Bank-book. 'Barefoot. 'Bedroom.

'Blue-book. 'Corkwood. 'Cheerful. 'Input. 'Childhood.

'Push-button. 'Rucksack. 'Gas-cooker. 'Airwoman.

 

Ex. 6

1. Would you 'like a'nother 'lump of 'sugar?

2. Would you 'wait till Ive 'had 'time to 'look for it?

3. 'Put this 'book 'back in the 'bookcase.

4. You 'wouldnt 'like a 'wooden 'whistle that 'wouldnt 'whistle, 'would you?

5. Youd 'better 'put 'on your 'woolen 'pull-over.

6. 'Who 'took my 'cook-book?

7. 'Would you 'like some 'sugar 'cookies with your 'pudding?

8. 'Fullers the 'last 'person to 'want to 'bully you.

 

[u:] - () () ; long tense rounded back close (high) diphthongoid of narrow variation. , , . : [u], [u:]. [w]: [uu:w].

 

 

Ex. 7

u:z u:f du: ku: hu: ∫u: zu: θru: 'glu:mı fu:d fυt pυl pu:l lυk lu:p

mu:n ru:l bu:θ spu:n tru:θ fru:t 'tru:lı nu:n nυt fυl fu:l bυl bu:n

tu: - tu:l tu:θ ∫u: - ∫u:z - ∫u:t 'dru:pıŋ tu: - tυk kυk ku:l pυt bu:t

ku: - ku:l ku:t du: - du:m du:∫ ə'klu:sıv pu:dl pυt wυl wu:nd

 

 

. :

1. .

2. [u:].

3. [u:] [u] .

4. [u: - u] .

 

 

Ex. 8

'Neutral. 'Beauty. 'Cube. 'Duty.

'Humour. 'Looting. 'Flutist. 'Dune.

'Loop-hole. 'Cucumber. 'Nuisance. 'Foolish.

La'goon. Ca'noe. 'Kanga'roo. 'Europe. 'Feudalism.

'Doodle. Dis'use. Ex'cuse. 'Trooper. 'Bugle.

 

Ex. 9

Too early. New edition. Flew east.

Sue Andrews. Too obvious. New attitude.

True answer. Few islands. Few options.

The ooze. The oolong. The oof-bird.

 

Ex. 10

1. 'Would you have 'time to 'do it on 'Tuesday?

2. I was 'hoping 'youd be 'able to 'help 'June.

3. 'Hughs the 'last 'person to 'want to in'trude.

4. 'Cooper 'didnt 'tell me what to 'do a'bout it.

5. Were 'moving 'very 'soon, be'fore the 'end of 'June.

6. I 'knew youd 'choose 'Juliet.

7. You 'ought to be 'able to 'do 'that.

8. 'Sue 'knew who 'started the 'rumour.

 

UNIT 13

[θ] () ; forelingual apical interdental constrictive noise fricative voiceless (fortis) consonant.

[ð] - () ; forelingual apical interdental constrictive noise fricative voiced (lenis) consonant. , . , . [ð] [θ] . . [,] , , .

[t,d,n,l,+ θ, ð]. , . , [t,d,n,l] [θ, ð]: [naɪnθ, 'ɔ:lðəu]. , [n, l] .

 

Ex. 1

θθθ - θɪn θɪk θɪsl θɪmbl θɪ:m θeft θɔ:t θʌm ððð - ðɪs ðɪ:z ðen ðem ðæt ðeɪ ðεә

mɪθ bɪ'nɪ:θ smɪθ tɪ:θ depθ stelθ keɪθ wɪð brɪ:ð smu:ð beɪð 'aɪðә 'naɪðә

'eθɪk 'ɪ:θә 'meθәd 'ægәθә pә'θetɪk 'æθlɪ:t 'leðә 'leɪðәm 'feðә 'fæðәm 'gæðә tә'geðә

 

Ex. 2

sss θθθ sɪn - θɪn sɪŋ - θɪŋ sɪk - θɪk θʌm - sʌm θɪmbl - sɪmbl

zzz ððð tɪ:ð - tɪ:z kləuz - kləuð maus mauð

fff - θθθ fɪn - θɪn - sɪn mɪf - mɪθ - mɪs def deθ - desk

 

'ænθәm ðә sɪksθ ðә naɪnθ stelθ 'tel ðәm

'sɪnθɪsɪs ðә sevnθ ðә tenθ 'stelθɪ 'sel ðәm

'sɪnθɪsaɪz ðɪ eɪtθ ðɪ ɪ'levenθ 'fɪlθɪ 'fɪl ðәm

 

'ɪ:t ðәm 'nɪ:d ðәm ɪn 'ðɪs bәt 'ðɪs

'nɪt ðәm 'fɪ:d ðәm ɪn 'ðæt bәt 'ðæt

'mɪ:t ðәm 'lɪ:d ðәm ɪn 'ðɪ:z bәt 'ðɪ:z

 

әt 'ðɪs әnd 'ðɪs ɪts 'ðɪs ɪts ðә 'sekәnd

әt 'ðæt әnd 'ðæt ɪts 'ðæt ɪts ðә 'sevnθ

әt 'ðɪ:z әnd 'ðɪ:z ɪts 'θɪn ɪts ðә 'naɪnθ

'send `ðɪ:z 'bend `ðɪ:z 'lend `ðɪ:z

 

ɪn 'ðɪs 'kɪt∫ɪn ɪn 'ðæt 'pælɪs ðә 'θɪ:m ðә 'meθәd ðә 'smɪθs

ɪn 'ðɪs 'flæt ɪn 'ðæt 'θɪәtә ðә 'θɪ:f ðә 'depθ ðә 'fɪfθ

 

. :

1. [s, f, θ ð], , .

2. [θ], .

3. [ð] .

4. [t,d,n,l] [θ, ð].

 

Ex. 3

Kates things She likes this author. Has the bell gone?

Petes thoughts He wants this thermometer. Was the rule easy?

Grannys thimble She needs those scissors. Is there any chalk?

Londons theatres. He supports this victory. Is this time suitable?

 

As the workman, so is the work. Is it as easy as that?

Necessity is the mother of invention. Was the theme difficult?

 

1. Whats the matter with your brother? I think hes been overworking.

2. Would you like something in the front stalls? I suppose theres nothing further back, is there?

3. Could you tell me how much this parcel to France is? I think Id better look that up. Was there anything else?

4. Apparently its going to turn colder. Still, another month should see us through the worst of it.

5. Monday is their day off. Its Thursday as far as I remember.

6. Shes thirty-five this Thursday. I didnt know that.

7. Lets ask Smith to do it. Smiths the busiest of them.

8. Are you always so busy as that? Junes the worst month of the year

 

Ex. 4

part of the time in front of the blackboard

half of the group at the top of the class

one of the family at the end of the street

Both of them are coming. They are of the same opinion.

Leave them alone. Tell me the number of the flat.

 

1. Have we any warm water? There must be some in one of those white jugs.

2. Do you think I ought to ask Mrs Wilson? Certainly. Shes always willing to help and give a piece of wise advice.

3. They wont have to wait long for the bus, will they? No, I believe theres a bus every quarter of an hour.

4. Did they all stay in town after they got married? No, one of the women went to live in her native village.

5. Why dont you want to go for a drive with us? That would be very nice.

6. Can we choose? Yes, we may have what we like.

7. We havent seen much of you lately. No, Ive had about five weeks in Vienna.

8. Hows your father keeping? Hes been off work for a day or two.

 

[j] - ; mediolingual constrictive median palatal sonorant. , , []. , . [j] [].

[s,f,θ,p,t,k,h + j]. [j], , . [s,f,θ] , [p,t,k,h] : [sju:], [fju:], [kju:], ['tju:zdeɪ].

 

[tj, dj] , , [tj] [ʧ], [dj] [ʤ]: ['grætiʧu:d, 'eʤukeit, 'wuʤu:, 'dɪʤu:]. , [sj] [ʃ], [zj] [ʒ]: [' ɪʃu:], ['vɪʒuəl].

Ex. 5

jɪ:ld jel jes jet jɑ:d jʌŋ jɔ:n ə'sju:m ən'θju:zɪæzm pi'kju:ljə

et jet el jel es jes 'hju:mən ri'fju:z ə'mju:z

ju: nju: 'dju:tɪ 'bju:tɪ kən'tɪnju: 'si:njə 'wiljəm ɪ'tæljən.

ju: fju: kju: sju:t 'sju:pə tju:n tju:b 'pjænəu fə'mɪljə bɪ'jɔnd

 

. :

1. C [j].

2. [j] [f,k,s,t,h].

3. [tj, dj].

 

Ex. 6

A'buse. 'Bureau. 'Cucumber. 'Durable. Euro'pean.

'Fusion. Ex'cuse. 'Hercules. In'fusion. 'Lure.

'Mutiny. 'Numeral. Obs'curity. 'Purity. 'Queue.

Re'pute. 'Suitable. 'Tuneless. U'tility. 'Viewpoint.

Converted yacht. Back yard. Slight yawn.

Previous yield. Happy youth. Thoughtless youngster.

 

Ex. 7

1. His 'duty was to be 'very 'accurate in re'porting the 'news.

2. She 'certainly 'knew that her 'nephew was 'fond of 'music.

3. 'Juliets 'failure was no 'news to me.

4. His 'duty was to 'supervise the 'issue of 'documents.

5. My 'travelling com'panion was a 'brilliant 'youth.

6. 'Hugh was a 'cheerful 'young 'man and a 'good 'companion.

7. Your o'pinion is 'highly 'valued.

8. She 'certainly 'knew that her 'pupils 'knew 'nothing.

 

 

UNIT 14

[ə:] - () ; long tense unrounded mixed mid-open monophthong of narrow variation. , , , , , . [], , , .

 

Ex. 1

ə: ə:n ə:l ə:θ kə: hə:t lə:n t∫ə:t∫ ten - tə:n pə: - pɔ:

sə: - sə:v - sə:f bə: - bə:d - bə:θ bed - bə:d fə: - fɔ:

kə: - 'kə:lı - kə:n - kə:t ben - bə:n wə:d - wɔ:d

hə: - 'hə:mıt - hə:b - hə:t 'feðə - fə:ðə bə:n bɔ:n

slə: - 'lə:nıŋ - lə:n - lə:t∫ 'pen∫n - 'pə:sn 'wə:kə - 'wɔ:kıŋ

 

. :

1. [k,l,t,s] [ə:].

2. [ə:].

 

 

Ex. 2

'Workshop. 'Surgeon. 'Journey. 'Surface.

'Thursday. Re'hearsal. De'tergent. In'terpreter.

Ex'cursion. E'mergency. 'Turbine. Re'search.

The earth. The earthquake. The earnings.

The urbanist. The earl-king. The earnestness.

 

Ex. 3

Very early. Thirsty earth. Truly earnest.

Salary earner. Wealthy earl. Costly earthwork.

True earnestness. New urn. Quietly urbane.

 

Ex. 4

1. 'Berts the 'last 'person to 'want to 'hurt you.

2. Is 'Earny 'going to 'leave by the 'eight 'thirty?

3. Which 'work dyou 'want her to 'finish 'first?

4. Ill re'turn the 'journals when I 'come on 'Thursday.

5. Theyll be 'serving 'lunch 'earlier on 'Thursday.

6. The 'curtain 'fell and the re'hearsal was ad'journed.

7. 'Earnest was dis'turbingly dis'cursive through'out the 'journey.

8. The 'first and the 'third 'verses were 'most 'difficult to 'learn.

 

 

[ə] () () ; very short (neutral) lax unrounded mixed mid-open monophthong of broad variation. . [ə] : .

[ə], : 1 ) ( ), , [ʌ], , : Cuba ['kju:bəʌ], America [ə'merıkəʌ]; 2) ( [k,g,ŋ], [], : conduct [kən'dʌkt], to go [tə gəu]; 3) [ə] ( , [k,g,ŋ], [ə:] , : about [ə'baυt], concert ['kɔnsət], a man [ə 'mæn].

 

Ex. 5

1) 'bıtəʌ 2) kə'nekt 3) ə'bυk

'betə kən'tınjυ: ə 'hen

'letə kə'lʌmbəs ə'weı

'sıstə gə'rılə 'æbsənt

'mʌðə tə kʌm ðə 'dɔg

'fa:ðə loŋ ə'gəυ pə'teıtəυ

'∫υgə 'bæg əv 'bəυnz sə'praız

'aıðə 'pæk əv 'wυlvz 'gəυ tə 'taυn

 

Ex. 6

ə'fekt - ı'fekt 'sıtə - 'sıtı

ək'sept - ik'sept 'reızəz - 'reızız

'a:mə - 'a:mı 'betə - 'betı

'weıtə - 'weıtı 'ɔfısəz - 'ɔfısız

 

Ex. 7

A'bandon. A'lert. A'board. A'byss.

Ad'dress. Ad'vance. Ap'peal. A'mount.

Of'fence. Of'ficial. O'pinion. Un'til.

'Octopus. 'Bagman. 'Factory. 'General.

'Lantern. 'Mackerel. 'Mammoth. 'Netherlands.

'Patron. 'Second. 'Weapon. 'Herald. 'Pattern.

 

Ex. 8

1. The 'class was 'left for 'half an 'hour or ·so.

2. There must be 'no de'lay.

3. 'Try 'not to 'make a 'fool of your'self.





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