. D ( 6.8) , υ, d =
6.8 |
, D υ Δ D. D, d.
υ ≥ 2. 2 ( ) .
, . .
8
1 𝛼D d, D( )
XB XA = Δ X; YB YA = Δ Y; Δ X = d os α AB; Δ Y = d sin α AB
d = √ Δ X 2 + Δ Y 2 = √ ( XB XA )2 + ( YB YA )2
L = [ l ] / n = ( l 1 + l 2 + l 3 + + ln ) / n
3 , , , .
, . .
, β b () : D = b ctg β
- . . . . , , . , ( 6.9). D = D ' + f + δ, δ . , :
Δ D υ = D d ≈ D (1 cos2υ) ≈ D sin2υ.