, -, .
:
) ( ):
Ex.:Oh, just please be good, or just get off [c. 45]
) - ( 䳺). 䳺 , , , : can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, ought to, must. ֳ 䳺 䳺 (, ); 䳿 , . (, , 䳺), 䳺 䳺 :
Ex.: Susan couldnt contain herself [c. 26],
It must have felt like the end of an era as Susans world contracted around her rather than expanded [c. 145],
Susan should come and see the show, he said, and possibly replace Marie [c. 182]. 䳺, (nominalizations) : permit, predict, prove, obligation, likelihood, desirability, authority. Fowler, R. (1985). Power. In T. A. van Dijk (ed.), Handbook of Discourse Analysis, Vol. 4. London: Academic Press, Inc. pp.61-82.
) ( ), ' .
, , 䳿, [c. 73] / .. // ˳ ղ : . .: , 2012. . 68-76. .: 18 . p.
: certainly, surely, actually, possibly, evidently, probably.
Ex: Susan is certainly unofficially probably doing more good than most of the official channels of diplomacy [c. 53],
And actually the shape of her hair is great [c. 187].
in fact, of course.
Ex: She had, of course, commented on Susan previously before going on to meet her, but she now felt she should have been allowed to give Susan a little advice [c. 190].
: even, only, just, also, too, almost, quite, simply, merely, else, right, alone, still, either, then, hardly, scarcely.
Ex: I have only heard the one song from her and I want to hear more [c. 67],
I dont feel pressurejustnow. I just feel a sense of humility [c. 11]; It is certain, obvious; 䳺 think, believe, suppose, guess:
Ex: I think she deals with the pressure very well now [c. 9];
- It was clear, I believe, I suppose:
|
|
|
Ex: I seriously believe that Susan couldnt give a stuff about being famous [c. 210].
. . : Yes. Yes, of course. Of course. Oh, yes. Certainly. Most certainly. Yes, indeed. Sure! Surely! By all means. No doubt. Perhaps. Maybe. :
Ex: Would you talk to him? Yes, of course.
Do you agree with me? Sure.
Will you come? By all means.
Will you be present? Perhaps.
: No. Oh, no. Of course not. Certainly not. Not at all. By no means.
Have you seen the film? No.
Would you like a cup of tea? No, thanks.
Am I interrupting you? Not at all.
Would you mind my shutting the door? Certainly not.
, -:
Ex:Of course, you understand that its necessary to be very careful when using a sharp knife, Can I borrow your pen? Of course. [46]. Modal words. : http: //www.siera-english.com/
) ( 䳺), . Imperative Subjunctive Mood . , Subjunctive, , :
Ex.: At the time, Susan must have felt as if she would never be free of the burden of unhappiness she was carrying, and as though she had reached the limit of what life had to offer her [c. 151], .
Montgomery A. Susan Boyle. Dreams can come true / A. Montgomery. London: Penguin Books, 2010. 245 p.
. ; . . , . (1969) , [c. 238]. [ ] / .. . .: , 1969. 608 . .. : , ᒺ [c. 198]. .. / .. .: . ., 1977. 333 c.
, . . , , . , , , [. 275]. .. / .. , .. . .: . ., 1973. 424 . , [c. 103-112]. .. - - / .. // : . . 16. ., 1976. . 103 112. . , . , , yes, no, good day, , , , .. / .. . ., 1957. 187 . . . ³ , , , . , ᒺ , . . , , , (., adverbs) [c. 48-287]. .. . / .. .: , 1947. 784 .
|
|
|
() . ³ , , , . ³ - .. 䳿, -ly , , un [. 7]. .. / .. . . 5. , 2013. 96 . .
ᒺ 䳿, , 䳿. : The second day was exactly like the first. Exactly , 䳿. ᒺ .
Certainly, you cannot interfere. Certainly , ᒺ , .
, , . ֳ [. 275]. .. / .. , .. . .: . ., 1973. 424 .
, . , , , , , , .
