.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


Ͳ.2.




111.2.1. 㳿 GPS-

, GPS-. 糿 , , . (relative) .

㳿 GPS- : . , 㳿 , .

. GPS, , , . , -


( 翳)

, , , :

1. 㳿 (Static relative positioning).

2. ʳ 㳿 (Cinematic relative positioning).

3. (semi-cinematic relative positioning) ( "/" - technology: "stop and go").

4. , , - (pseudo-static, pseudo-cinematic relative positioning, intermittent static positioning, reoccupation).

5. (fast/rapid static relative positioning).

6. GPS-㳿 (differential GPS-DGPS).

, , . ³ . ( ) : - "/" - . "" . ̳ ( ) .

, , - '. . ' " ". 㳿 , () , . " " .

( 1-5 ) ' , . , , . "/" -. 㳿 , () , 㳿, () , .

㳿 .


III

III.2.2.

. 㳿 . ( ) [22].

, :

1. 30-90 .

2. 1-2 , , .

3. 4-6 . :

15-20 1 , EUREF (European Reference Frame), - 5 . , CERGOP (Central Europe Regional Geodynamics Project).

㳿 5 1 1 , . ϳ . , 100 , ^. , , . SKI.

. , : , . ' ' , . : ' , . ϳ ' , [23].

, , , DOP (Dilution of


( )

Precision - ).

0.

(.2.1)

GDOP - , , . ³

(.2.2)

, , mh - ; mt - ; - . , GDOP "'". GDOP (< 8) . GDOP , "'" . GDOP, . GDOP, , , - . GDOP . ֳ . . GDOP PDOP -, , , HDOP - , ; VDOP- .

GDOP , ' . "" "" GDOP < 8 , 15 ( ).

, , . . , . .

ϳ , , SR-9500 ( Leica); SNR-8000 SNR-8100 ( Alen Osborne); Z-XII ( Ashtech); 4000 SSI ( Trimble).


111

111.2.3. ,

̳ , . , , : , , , . . "" Static Survey. GPS- " ". ϳ " " (5-8) GDOP (1-4).

, GPS, .

: Static ().

: Compacted ().

: 15, , 60 .

/ : AUTO ()

:

;

;

(GDOP);

.

. .2.1. ().

III. 2.1





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