= -------------------------- = ----------------------------,
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:
r = R - pe
, ( 10%), :
R - pe
r = ---------- × 100%
1 + pe
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DM (%) + DV (%) = DP (%) + DY (%)
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LRAS SRAS2
3 SRAS1
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AD2 AD2
AD1 AD1 AD1
Y1 Y2 Y Y* Y Y2 Y1 Y
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() | |
R = 1000 . = 0 . . | D = 1000 . . |
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____________________________________
100% 100%
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() | |
R = 200 . = 800 . . | D = 1000 .. |
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(required reserve ratio) , , . , (required reserves R.), (D) (rr):
R . = D × rr
, 1, 0 < rr < 1.
, , , .. ():
= D - R . = D D × rr = D (1 rr)
, , . , , , . (excess reserves - R ). :
R . = R . + R .
, 20%, 1000 . ., 200 . . (1000 × 0.2 = 200) , 800 . . (1000 200 = 800) . , , 700 . . 100 . . (800 700 = 100) . 300 . . (200 . . + 100 . . = 300 . .).
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() | |
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I
() | |
R = 200 .. = 800 .. | D = 1000 .. |
( , ), (), () (, II). II, , 800 . ., 160 . . (800 × 0.2 = 160), 640 . . (800 × (1 0.2) = 640)
II
() | |
R = 160 .. = 640 .. | D = 800 .. |
, () , .. . 640 . . . 128 . . (164 × 0.2 = 128), 512 . . (640 × (1 0.2) = 512).
III
() | |
R = 128 .. = 512 .. | D = 640 .. |
, c IV 409.6 . ., V 327.68 . . .. :
I D = 1000
K R K = D × (1 rr)
II D = 800 200
K R K = [D × (1 rr)] × (1 rr)
D = 640 160
K R K = [D × (1 rr)2] × (1 rr)
IV D = 512 128
K R K = [D × (1 rr)3] × (1 rr)
V D = 409.6 102.4
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