Past Simple
Past Simple
Past Simple ed. (. ). ed -, .
ed :
A) ( d) [ d ]:
play ed [plei d ], div ed [daiv d ]
( t) [ t ]:
ask ed [a:sk t ], lik ed [laik t ]
d t [ id ]:
decid ed [disaid id ], lift ed [lift id ]
Past Simple :
, y , y i:
to tr y tr ied, to fr y fr ied, to marr y marr ied
y , : to pl a y play ed, to st a y stay ed, to ob e y - obey ed
, , :
to sto p sto pp ed, to spo t spo tt ed, to na g na gg ed
, , , :
to com'mit com'mi tt ed, to pre'fer pre'fe rr ed, to sub'mit sub'mi tt ed
: to de'velop de'velo ped, to 'border 'borde red
l, , :
to 'trave l 'trave ll ed, to 'cance l 'cance ll ed, to 'signa l 'signa ll ed
l , :
ex'pel ex'pe ll ed
: 'signa l 'signa l ed
Past Simple , to do ( Past Simple did) to:
He ask ed.
Did he ask?
He spoke.
Did he speak?
did not:
I did not (didnt) ask.
I did not (didnt) speak.
Past Simple
Past Simple , . : yesterday, a week ago, last year, when I was at school:
I first visited London 5 years ago.
We didnt go out last night. We stayed at home and watched TV.
, , :
I slept very badly.
I saw him in the office (when I was there this morning).
Did the postman bring any letters? (the postman calls at a given time in the day)
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Present Simple , , :
I smoked 40 cigarettes a day till I gave up.
When I lived in London, I walked through the park every day.
, :
I got up, switched off the radio and sat down again.
He found his lighter, lit a cigarette and began to read the letter.
, - , Past Continuous, , :
We stayed in the garden for a long time.
She spoke for over an hour.
:
You often mentioned her in your letters.
Every day I went to the seaside.
, used to + Infinitive would + Infinitive ( would + Infinitive )
used to : , , .
He used to come to us on Sundays.
He would come to us on Sundays.
used to + Infinitive ( to be, to live, to know). , - ..
He used to be an army officer.
There used to be a cinema in this street.
would + Infinitive .
Used to . did: Did you use to smoke? I didnt use to smoke. He used to live in Liverpool, didnt he? never: I never used to smoke.
Exercise 1. Use the prompts to make sentences:
Example:
Prompt: to Brighton last Saturday
Response: I went to Brighton last Saturday.
I didnt go to Brighton last Saturday.
Did you go to Brighton last Saturday?
Prompts:
late yesterday morning
fish for breakfast yesterday
out for a walk last Sunday
a good time at the party last night
the news last night
tennis last Friday afternoon
2 bottles of champagne last night
my driving test last week
two first-class tickets to Paris yesterday
a ten pound note on the pavement this morning
Exercise 2. Ask a question about the words in bold type.
They finally got home last night at 11.30.
He met his girl-friend at an open-air pop concert.
They arrested him for shoplifting.
She bought three pairs of shoes in the sales.
He paid for the goods with a credit card.
This pen once belonged to Sir Winston Churchill.
My mother spoke Welsh fluently as a child.
This computer costs around $ 1.5000.
We waited for him for about 40 minutes.
She wrote her first novel at the age of nineteen.
Her daughter started college last October.
He walked as far as Trafalgar Square with me.
My teacher gave me a very good mark for my essay.
We went on an excursion five days ago.
Anna used to play tennis when she was at school.
I last saw her in 2002.
I used to have long hair when I was younger.
She invited 25 guests to her party.
My elder brother got married last year.
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It took me forty minutes to get here.
Exercise 3. Put either would or used to in the spaces. In some cases both are possible.
Johns children ___________ be well-behaved but now they are quite naughty.
They ___________ live here. Now they live in Germany.
He ___________ be fat, but now hes quite thin.
They ___________ come and visit on weekends.
When he needed extra money, he ___________ work overtime.
There ___________ be a building here, but now its just a park.
When I was younger I ___________ go for long walks in the country.
I never ___________ enjoy Sundays, but I do now.
She ___________ be very punctual, but she isnt any more.
She always ___________ tell us a story before we went to bed.
Exercise 4. Translate into English.
1. .
2. , .
3. ? , .
4. , , .
5. ?
6. , , , , .
7. , .
8. .
9. .
10. ?
11. , .
12. ?
13. , .
14. ?
15. ?
16. , .
17. ?
18. , ?
19. (to get in touch with), ?
Exercise 5. Think of the title of the story and put fifteen questions to it.
A German company held negotiations in Moscow trying to sell some 100 million worth of manufacturing equipment to a Russian State corporation. Negotiations went smoothly but differences remained. So Martin Bayer himself, the CEO of the German Company, decided to come to Moscow to head the talks. Besides caring about his business, the CEO wanted to go to Russia to hunt bears.
Martin Bayer was one of the greatest hunters of our time (and the Russians knew about it). He went to safari more than one hundred times and hunted lions, rhinos and crocodiles. He hunted polar bears in the North Pole and tigers in the rain forests of India. But he never hunted Russian bears.
So the Russians decided to organize a bear hunt for Mr. Bayer to sweeten the talks. This wasnt a simple task. Some people in the west still believe that one may find and see bears everywhere in Russian cities just like we may see squirrels in our back yards. This is not true. The closest place one may find bears in the wild is maybe 2,500 miles away from Moscow. Nonetheless, the Russians found a solution quickly. The businessmen went to Moscow Circus and for $2,000 bought a very old bear. This bear used to amuse and amaze audiences in many countries for 30 years, but got and looked too old, had bald spots, and was retired.
Be careful, the Russian bears are very aggressive, ferocious and strong, they told Mr. Bayer. If compared to the Russian bears, your African lions are nothing more than harmless cats.
They brought the bear to a conservation forest 50 miles from Moscow and left it there. They also told Mr. Bayer that bears were plentiful in that forest and that they attacked cattle and even people in the surrounding villages.
Meanwhile, an 18-year old female drove through the forest on a motorcycle and suddenly saw a bear (the last time people saw bears in those places was 200 years ago). She was frightened, fell, left her helmet and her motorcycle and ran away.
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Mr. Bayer was excited and ready to hunt. This could become the pinnacle of his extraordinary hunting experience. The next moment he saw a bear in a helmet driving a motorcycle through the forest in front of him. The bear had a happy expression on his face as he was doing something he used to do before: circling on a motorcycle
Mr. Bayer lives in a private institution near Hamburg happily ever after and the German company sold manufacturing equipment to Iraq instead of Russia.
Past Continuous
