.


:




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. , , , , . , , , , , , 3. , , ,

1 .

2 , , , 1996 . (R.W. Mills),
(/. D. DeBono), (U. D. DeBono), (. Print)
(D. Parker) 250
, 71%
29%
. The use of shareholder
value analysis in acquisition and divestment decisions by large UK companies,
Research Report for the Charted Institute of Management Accountants, 1996.

3 Stulz, Rene M. Globalization, corporate finance, and the cost of capital,./oMrwo/
of Applied Corporate Finance, Volume 12, Nov. 3, Fall 1999, p. 10.

 

, . , . 1975 1997 ., Ronald M. Schramm Henry N. Wong , , . 0,104 31 1.

( ), , . , , 2.

4.5. : (EVA3)

(EVA) , . EVA4 , , . , , (Alfred Marshall). , , ,

1 Schramm, Ronald M. and Wong, Henry N., Measuring the cost of capital in an
international CAPM framework,,/ora/ of Applied Corporate Finance, Volume 12,
Nov. 3, Fall 1999, p. 68.

2 Pettit, Justin, Mack, Ferguson and Robert Gluck A method for estimating global
corporate capital costs: the case of BestioodsJournal of Applied Corporate Finance,
Volume 12, Nov. 3, Fall 1999, p. 90.

3 EVA Economic Value Added. . .

4 EVA Stem Stewart &
,
.


       
   


. 4.9. , EBIT EBIAT ( NOPAT)

, 1. , (ROCE2) , .

ROCE , (EBIAT), , , . 4.9 4.10 EBIAT .

1 De-jargoning EVA, by John Rutledge, Forbes, Oct. 25, 1993, p. 148.

2 ROCE Return on Capital Employed. . .

3 EBIAT NOPAT Net Operating Profit After Tax.


. 4.10.


 

. 4.11. EVA ( , )

ROCE>

=> EBIAT/ > WACC
=> 1> ( ) WACC
=> EBIAT [ WACC] >
=> EVA > 0.

,

 

, ( ) , .

EVA , , , , , .

EVA , , , ; - .

EVA , . - . .

4.11 EVA .

4.6. EVA :

, , , . , 1. . , , :

100

A/R 200 / 100
-

150 200

NFA 250 400

700 700

:

' Bertoneche, M. Share buy back: the European and Japanese experience, Harvard Business school, 9-298-134, p. 2.


 
100

200

500 400

=

= NFA + = = 250 + [200 + 150 - 100 ] = 500 .

, ROCE 12%, 10% 4%.

, WACC [(2/3 10%) + (1/3 4%)] = 8%.

ROCE- WACC = 12% - 8% = 4% => EVA = 500 0,04 = 20 1.

, , :

♦ =
+ EVA;

♦ = +
+ ;

♦ =
+ , .

1. 2%

EVA = 100 [0,02 - 0,08] = - 6 . :

EVA = 20 - 6 = 14 .

EVA 2 14 /0,08 = 175 .

, = 400 + 175 = 575 :

=> = 575 + 200 = 775 ; = 575 + 0 = 575 .

1 EBIAT 12% 500 , . . 60 => EVA = 60 - [500 0,08] = 20 .

2 , X (
), k X/k.
.

 

2. ,

100 , :

100

500 400

500 500

, WACC:

(4/5 10%) + (1/5 4%)] = 8,8%.

ROCE -WACC = 12% - 8,8% = 3,2%.

EVA = 500 3,2% =16 .

EVA , 16 / 0,088 = 181,8 .

= = 400 + 181,8 = 581,8 .

=> = 581,8 + 100 = 681,8 . = 581,8 + 0 = 581,8 .

3. , WACC, 10%, , (12%)

EVA = = 100 [0,10 - 0,08] = 2 .

WACC, .

, EVA :

20 + 2 = 22 .

EVA, , 22 / 0,08 = 275 .

= = 400 + 275 = 675 ;

= 100 + 675 = 775 ; = 675 + 0 = 675 .


 
4. ( ),

400 - 100 = 300 , :

200

500 300

500 500

, , WACC:

(3/5 10%) + (2/5 4%)] = 7,6%; ROCE - WACC = 12% - 7,6% = 4,4%.

EVA = 500 0,044% = 22 . EVA, 22 / 0,076 = 289,5 .

= = 300 + 289,5 = 589,5 .

= 200 + 589,5 = 789,5 . = 589,5 + 100 = 689,5 .

( ) . , WACC, 1.

, . , . . WACC , . , , .

1 . , .

 

5

:

, , , , .

, :

V=CF1/(1 + k) + CF2 / (1 + k)2 +... + CFn (1 + k) n, (1)

:

F , (
), ;

k (opportunity cost of
capital),
. . ,
, ,
, (. 4);

♦ n .

5.1. (DCF1):

, .

, , , , , . . . , , , , .

DCF Discounted Cash Flow. . .


 
1 2

, 10000 10500 11000

, 180000

, 8% , ?

:

10 000, , 10 000 / (1 + 0,08) = 9259', 9259 (8%) 10 000.

10 500, ( , ), :

10 500/(1+0,08)2,..9002.

9002 8% , 10500 .

, . , , , , , , . (discounting). , .

, 11 000, ,

11 000/(1+0.08)3, .. 8732.

, , , 180 000 142 890 .

: 9259 + 9002 + 8732 + 142 890 = 169 883. , 169883

. . .

 

, 8%, . , 169 883 , , 8%. , , , 169 883, , , 8%.

, . , , , , ( , , . .) .

. , , . - ( !). , , , . , , , . DCFn , .





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